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Gestational PFOA exposure of mice is associated with altered mammary gland development in dams and female offspring. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sally S White Antonia M Calafat Zsuzsanna Kuklenyik LaTonya Villanueva Robert D Zehr Laurence Helfant Mark J Strynar Andrew B Lindstrom Julie R Thibodeaux Carmen Wood Suzanne E Fenton 《Toxicological sciences》2007,96(1):133-144
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), with diverse and widespread commercial and industrial applications, has been detected in human and wildlife sera. Previous mouse studies linked prenatal PFOA exposure to decreased neonatal body weights (BWs) and survival in a dose-dependent manner. To determine whether effects were linked to gestational time of exposure or to subsequent lactational changes, timed-pregnant CD-1 mice were orally dosed with 5 mg PFOA/kg on gestation days (GD) 1-17, 8-17, 12-17, or vehicle on GD 1-17. PFOA exposure had no effect on maternal weight gain or number of live pups born. Mean pup BWs on postnatal day (PND) 1 in all PFOA-exposed groups were significantly reduced and decrements persisted until weaning. Mammary glands from lactating dams and female pups on PND 10 and 20 were scored based on differentiation or developmental stages. A significant reduction in mammary differentiation among dams exposed GD 1-17 or 8-17 was evident on PND 10. On PND 20, delays in normal epithelial involution and alterations in milk protein gene expression were observed. All exposed female pups displayed stunted mammary epithelial branching and growth at PND 10 and 20. While control litters at PND 10 and 20 had average scores of 3.1 and 3.3, respectively, all treated litters had scores of 1.7 or less, with no progression of duct epithelial growth evident over time. BW was an insignificant covariate for these effects. These findings suggest that in addition to gestational exposure, abnormal lactational development of dams may play a role in early growth retardation of developmentally exposed offspring. 相似文献
94.
Presence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Adolescents Predicts Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kathy A. Love-Osborne M.D. Kristen J. Nadeau M.D. Jeanelle Sheeder M.S.P.H. Laura Z. Fenton M.D. Phil Zeitler M.D. Ph.D. 《The Journal of adolescent health》2008,42(6):543-548
PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in obese adolescents is associated with other comorbidities of obesity METHODS: A total of 85 obese teens (70% female and 30% male) with fasting insulin >25 microU/ml and family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or acanthosis nigricans were studied. Mean age was 15.8 +/- 1.7 years and body mass index (BMI) was 39.3 +/- 6.6 kg/m(2). Of the subjects, 54% were Hispanic and 35% black, 5% white, 5% American Indian, and 1% Asian. Laboratory analysis included fasting lipids, glucose, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and oral glucose tolerance testing. Additional liver transaminase levels were determined and liver ultrasound (US) was performed to evaluate the presence and severity of fatty liver. RESULTS: All subjects met MS criteria for children for waist circumference, 49% for blood pressure, 54% for high-density lipoprotein, 54% for triglycerides, and 20% for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance [IGT]). In all, 47 subjects had three or more MS criteria. BMI was no different between groups with and without MS. Subjects with three or more MS criteria were more likely to have IGT (p = .004), elevated alanine aminotransferase (p = .039), elevated GGT (p = .036), fatty liver on US (p < .001), and more severe fatty liver (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal glucose regulation and evidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were more common in subjects meeting three criteria for MS than in those meeting fewer criteria. The identification of MS provides value to the primary care provider. Those patients meeting criteria for MS should be evaluated for glucose intolerance and NAFLD. 相似文献
95.
A L Wilson D Witzke L J Fenton D Soule 《American journal of diseases of children (1960)》1985,139(12):1235-1238
Depression and social interaction of mothers and fathers following a perinatal loss were studied using the questionnaire responses of 58 married couples. In the first six weeks following their loss, differences observed in responses of mothers and fathers are most apparent. During this time, mothers have more depressive symptoms, more often would like others to open a conversation with them about the baby, and are more likely to find their spouse helpful. At a mean of 25 months after the death, mothers' and fathers' differences with respect to depression become less apparent. However, fathers with more depressive symptomatology have increasing needs for social interaction and do not perceive that their marriage has grown stronger. Maternal depression has no correlation with perceptions of marital strength. Family counseling should reflect the possible variations in timing of the grief reaction and potential capabilities of parents to be supportive of one another. 相似文献
96.
Five cases of air embolism in ventilated very low birthweight infants are reported. In all cases the outcome was fatal with the babies dying at about 15 hours of age. 相似文献
97.
Richardson MP Palfreeman A Nielsen PB Fenton KA 《Communicable disease and public health / PHLS》2002,5(1):72-73
We report a case of severe early congenital syphilis in the infant of a mother who acquired syphilis in mid pregnancy. The mother had received full antenatal care including serological screening for syphilis. Congenital syphilis is re-emerging in a number of industrialised countries and this report demonstrates that some of the most serious cases cannot be prevented by routine antenatal screening. 相似文献
98.
99.
Fenton KA Ison C Johnson AP Rudd E Soltani M Martin I Nichols T Livermore DM;GRASP collaboration 《Lancet》2003,361(9372):1867-1869
The Gonococcal Resistance to Antimicrobials Surveillance Programme (GRASP) monitors trends in antimicrobial resistance in consecutive gonococcal isolates from 26 genitourinary medicine clinics in England and Wales. In 2002, 2204 gonococcal isolates were tested, and the overall prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration > or =1 mg/L) was 9.8%, compared with 3.1% in 2001 and 2.1% in 2000. Between 2001 and 2002, prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance increased two to three-fold, irrespective of recent sexual contact overseas, sex, or residence within or outside of London. These findings suggest that national and local treatment guidelines need to be reviewed urgently. 相似文献
100.
McGarrigle CA Fenton KA Gill ON Hughes G Morgan D Evans B 《Sexually transmitted infections》2002,78(6):398-405