Prevalence of Autoimmune Liver Disease Related Autoantibodies in Chinese Patients with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

Background  

The prevalence of autoimmune liver disease (AiLD)-related autoantibodies has not been defined in Chinese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and therefore needs to be characterized.     

Association between the BANK1 rs3733197 polymorphism and polymyositis/dermatomyositis in a Chinese Han population

Clinical Rheumatology - The aim of our study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the BANK1 gene and polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) in a...     

Coronary involvement in patients with Behçet’s disease

Clinical Rheumatology - To investigate the clinical features and potential risk factors of coronary involvement in Behçet’s disease (BD). In this case-control study, we retrospectively...     

Smoking Affects the Patterns of Metabolic Disorders and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With First-Episode Drug-Naive Schizophrenia: A Large Sample Study Based on the Chinese Han Population

ObjectiveAlthough metabolic disorders and smoking are common in schizophrenia, few studies have investigated the effects of smoking on metabolic disorders or metabolic syndrome (MetS) in schizophrenia patients, especially in first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) patients. We sought to investigate the differences in metabolic disorders and MetS between smoking and nonsmoking FEDN schizophrenia patients.MethodsA total of 428 FEDN schizophrenia patients and 435 controls were recruited. Blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), lipid profiles, and glucose metabolism were measured. The psychopathology was evaluated by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.ResultsFEDN schizophrenia patients had a higher smoking rate than controls (23.8% vs 14.0%, P < .001). After adjusting for confounding variables, the prevalence of MetS, overweight, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated insulin, and insulin resistance in smoking patients was higher than those in nonsmoking patients, while overweight and hypertension were higher in the smoking controls than in nonsmoking controls (all P < .05). In smoking patients, triglyceridemia, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose were the main contributing components to MetS, while in nonsmoking patients, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglyceridemia, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose were the main contributing components to MetS. In smoking patients, BMI and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance were associated factors of MetS (both P < .05). In nonsmoking patients, sex, BMI, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance were associated factors of MetS (all P < .05).ConclusionsOur study indicates that smoking schizophrenia patients have a higher prevalence of MetS and metabolic disorders than nonsmoking patients. Moreover, smoking and nonsmoking patients have different contributing components and associated factors for MetS.     

大豆异黄酮抗骨质疏松症的实验研究及作用机制的探讨

目的 观察大豆异黄酮的抗骨质疏松作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法 (1)切除10月龄大鼠双侧卵巢,3个月后分为己烯雌酚组、模型组、大豆异黄酮高、中、低荆量组,并灌胃,每日1次,连续3个月;用切除双侧卵巢旁部分脂肪的假手术同龄大鼠作对照(对照组)。测定各组动物的骨形态学指标、血清雌二醇(E2)、血清骨源性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、血清钙磷、骨钙磷、尿钙磷以及子宫系数。(2)用含药血清培养成骨细胞,以MTT法检测成骨细胞增殖情况。结果 (1)大豆异黄酮能明显增加去卵巢大鼠骨小梁平均宽度、单位面积骨小粱骨细胞数、骨皮质平均厚度、股骨头平均吸光度和股骨干平均吸光度;明显升高血清E水平：明显降低血清BALP值;明显增加血清钙、骨钙含量：明显增加子宫系数。(2)大豆异黄酮能明显促进成骨细胞增殖。结论 大豆异黄酮具有明显的抗骨质疏松作用,其作用机制可能与其拟雌激素作用、提高体内雌激素水平、提高机体对钙的吸收与利用、促进成骨细胞DNA合成和生长增殖有关。     

Effect of fibroblasts on breast cancer cell mammosphere formation and regulation of stem cell-related gene expression

The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects of breast cancer fibroblasts (BCFs) vs. normal mammary fibroblasts (NMFs) on mammosphere formation and stem cell-related gene expression in breast cancer cells. Breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were cultured in suspension to generate primary and secondary mammospheres. The proportion of CD44+/CD24low/- cells was assessed by flow cytometry (FCM), and Wnt1, Notch1, β-catenin, CXCR4, SOX2 and ALDH3A1 gene expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The fibroblasts from either breast cancer tissue or normal mammary tissue were purified from tissue specimens and co-cultured with breast cancer cells. The mammosphere formation efficacy was approximately 180/10,000 MCF-7 cells. FCM analysis showed that, compared to the 2.1% positive expression in the MCF-7 monolayer culture cells, the expression of CD44+/CD24low/- in MCF-7 mammosphere cells was significantly elevated to 10.4% (P<0.01). The proportion of the CD44+/CD24low/- subpopulation of the cells in mammospheres was nearly 5-fold higher than that of general MCF-7 cells. Compared with MCF-7 monolayer culture cells, mammosphere cells showed significantly (P<0.01) enhanced expression of Wnt1 [fold-change (FC), 2.25], Notch1 (FC, 2.45), β-catenin (FC, 1.72), CXCR4 (FC, 4.68), SOX2 (FC, 4.25) and ALDH3A1 (FC, 5.38). When BCFs were co-cultured with MCF-7 cells under mammosphere culture conditions, the length of time of mammosphere formation decreased, the volume of the mammo-spheres increased and the mammosphere-forming efficiency (MFE) was higher than that of NMFs and the control group. Both the BCF and NMF groups showed enhanced gene expression for the following genes: Wnt1 (FC, 3.18 and 1.27, respectively), β-catenin (FC, 1.75 and 1.22, respectively), Notch1 (FC, 2.09 and 1.31, respectively), CXCR4 (FC, 2.77 and 1.33, respectively), SOX2 (FC, 2.77 and 1.80, respectively) and ALDH3A1 (FC, 5.23 and 1.85, respectively). Cancer fibroblast cells can promote the MFE and up-regulate stem cell-related gene expression in breast cancer cells.     

Loading rate effects on the R-curve behavior of cortical bone

Rising resistance curve (R-curve) behavior in bone during quasi-static experiments has demonstrated the importance of microstructural toughening mechanisms in resisting fracture. However, despite clinical bone fracture primarily occurring under dynamic loading and the significant changes in material behavior observed with increasing strain rates, there have been no previous investigations into whether crack growth resistance is maintained during dynamic fracture. Using a novel modified split-Hopkinson pressure bar coupled with a high-speed camera to measure crack propagation, we present the first evidence of rising R-curve behavior in bone under dynamic loading (～2 × 10(5)MPam(1/2)s(-1)). Results indicate that rising R-curve behavior is maintained, although with lower crack initiation toughness and propagation resistance than observed in quasi-static experiments. Observations of crack initiation and propagation in double-notched specimens using confocal fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy suggest that this is due to subtle differences in toughening mechanisms between quasi-static and dynamic fracture.     

多学科协同治疗骨关节疾病

一、概述 世界卫生组织将2000年至2010年定为"骨与关节的十年",这一项以"增进患有肌肉与骨骼疾病患者的健康,进一步改善他们的生活质量"作为目标的活动意义重大.骨关节病的范围广泛,除了骨关节炎、类风湿关节炎等各种关节疾病外,还包括脊柱疾病、骨质疏松症以及肌肉疾病等.我国关节炎患者估计有1亿以上,而且人数在不断增加,如骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA) 60岁以上的人群中患病率可达50%,75岁以上的人群中则达80%[1].     

超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺细胞学检查(US-FNAC)在鉴别诊断甲状腺良恶性结节中的价值

目的:对比研究US-FNAC及高分辨率彩超在诊断甲状腺恶性结节中的准确率、灵敏度和特异度,了解US-FNAC在鉴别诊断甲状腺良恶性结节中的价值.方法:选取2014年3月至2015年12月在我院超声科行高频彩超及US-FNAC并入院手术的甲状腺结节患者93例,共105枚结节作为研究对象,以甲状腺结节术后病理结果为金标准,高分辨率彩超单因素Logistic回归分析结果有统计学意义的自变量及US-FNAC结果与甲状腺结节手术后的病理结果对照进行诊断性实验,了解其对甲状腺结节恶性鉴别诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确率.结果:US-FNAC诊断甲状腺恶性结节的特异度、灵敏度及准确率分别为87.5%、96.9%和95.0%.结论:与高分辨率彩超相比,US-FNAC诊断甲状腺恶性结节具有较高的准确性,是鉴别甲状腺结节良恶性最可靠、最有价值的方法.