心血管参数对动脉中压力和流量的影响

本文从建立心室-血管优化耦合模型出发,通过求解优化耦合所对应主动脉根部的压力和流量所满足方程,详细讨论动脉中压力和流量随心血管参数的变化规律,所得结果与血液循环系统的生理事实一致。     

RNA silencing: a conserved antiviral immunity of plants and animals

RNA silencing is a novel RNA-guided gene regulatory mechanism operational in a wide range of eukaryotic organisms from fission yeast, plants, to mammals. This article reviews the recent progress on aspects of RNA silencing that are related to its biological function as a conserved antiviral immunity of plants and animals, and highlights features of this novel antiviral response in invertebrate animals as compared to the known innate and adaptive immunities. Finally, we discuss evidence that suggests a natural antiviral role for RNA silencing in vertebrates as well as experimental approaches that may facilitate the identification of first mammalian viral suppressors of RNA silencing.     

小鼠胸腺基质细胞株MTECB的细胞学特性

用免疫组织化学和透射电镜技术对本室所建立的小鼠胸腺基质细胞株ＭＴＥＣＢ进行了细胞学鉴定。免疫组织化学观察显示：４０ｋＤ、４５ｋＤ角蛋白和波形蛋白呈现强阳性，５２ｋＤ，５４ｋＤ，５８ｋＤ角蛋白和Ｓ－１００蛋白呈现阴性。电镜下见到，具有桥粒和张力丝结构，含较多的囊泡和髓样体，发达的高尔基复合体和线粒体。另外ＭＴＥＣＢ还表现为酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、非特异性酯酶弱阳性。据此我们认为ＭＴＥＣＢ为上皮细胞来     

用单克隆抗体观察慢性肝炎患者细胞免疫状况的变化

本文用多种单克隆抗体对32例慢性肝炎患者的细胞免疫状况进行了研究。结果发现患者肝组织内淋巴细胞和单核、巨噬细胞浸润明显增加,坏死区浸润细胞主要是T_3~+和T_8~+细胞。B淋巴细胞浸润极少,浸润淋巴细胞表面IL—2受体阳性细胞与外周血淋巴细胞表面IL—2受体阳性细胞率均无改变。患者外周血单个核细胞改变为T_3~+下降,T_4/T_8比例下降,单核、巨噬细胞、B淋巴细胞及淋巴细胞表面HLA—DR、DP、DQ标志与正常人无差异。     

高压氧中毒小鼠脑微血管图像分析定量研究

本文采用计算机图像定量测量方法，对高压氧中毒后小鼠软脑膜微血管和大脑皮质毛细胞血管内皮细胞碱性磷酶活性进行了定量检测。结果表明，ＨＢＯＩ后小鼠软脑膜毛细血管开放数目减少，毛细血管密度降低。     

积分加权法评价磷化学烧伤实验病理的意义与应用

目的：积分加权法在病理组织学检查中的应用，方法：在常规病理描述基础上，采用积分加权法将病理结果予以定量，综合评价致伤后实验动物的主要脏器，结果：实验动物同等面积的磷酸烧伤各脏器积分降低，钙治疗后则显著改善，均与其它方面报道的资料一致，结论：积分加以数值使各脏器损伤程度一目了然，对不同脏器间的损伤情况有可比性，从而有助于了解主要受损脏器与总体的关系以及药物的治疗效果。     

The prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Shanghai, China: impact of age, gender, and education

We report the prevalence rates for dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) obtained from a probability sample survey of 5,055 noninstitutionalized older persons in Shanghai, China. A two-stage procedure was used for case finding and case identification. A Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was used to determine cases of possible dementia. Three different cutoff points on this mental status test were used depending on the respondent's level of education. Clinical evaluations, based on functional assessments and psychiatric interview, medical and neurological examinations, three standardized mental status tests, and a selected group of psychometric tests, were made in the second stage of the study to ascertain the clinical diagnosis of dementia and AD utilizing the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, edition 3 and National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria, respectively. The prevalence rate of dementia in persons 65 years and older was 4.6%. Clinically diagnosed AD accounted for 65% of the subjects with dementia. These findings indicate that the prevalence of dementia in Shanghai is very much higher than figures published earlier for China and Japan, and at the lower part of the range of values reported for community residents in the United States and other Western countries, but less than half of that reported in the recently published survey of the elderly in East Boston. Increasing age, gender (female), and low education are each highly significant and independent risk factors for dementia. One hypothesis to explain the increased prevalence in elderly women who had received no formal education invokes the possibility of an effect of early deprivation, perhaps lowering brain "reserve," allowing the symptoms of dementia to appear at an earlier date during disease progression.     

淋病奈瑟氏菌中国流行株gyrA和parC基因与喹诺酮类耐药性的相关性

目的　调查中国地区淋病奈瑟氏菌 (NG)对喹诺酮类的耐药性状况 ,探讨高水平耐药的基因突变株对喹诺酮类耐药机制的作用 .方法　对 9a来临床分离保存淋球菌流行株进行了体外环丙沙星 (CIP)药敏实验 .筛选出 76株高水平CIP耐药株 ,通过 PCR扩增了其中的 1 8株 NG的 gyr A和par C喹诺酮耐药决定区基因 ,并对扩增子直接测序 .通过N he I酶切、脉冲电场凝胶电泳 (PFEG)分析了这些菌株的遗传关系 .结果　环丙沙星的耐药检出率有逐年增高的趋势 ,MIC≥ 1 .0 mg· L- 1的菌株由 1 993年的 5 .1 %上升到 2 0 0 1年的 2 1 .4% .对照组中的 1 8株敏感菌只有两株发生了 gyr A的单一突变 ,未发现 par C变异 ;而耐药组中 89% (1 6 )菌株的gyr A发生了 Ser- 91向 Phe的单一突变株或 (和 ) par C的双突变 .88.9% (1 5 )的菌株的 gyr A发生了 Ser- 91向 Phe和 Asp-95向 Gly的突变 .在发生 par C突变中 72 %属于 Asp- 86向Asn突变 .PFEG分析发现 1 0株具有完全一致的 gyr A和par C突变模式 .同时也发现来自不同地区的菌株的 PFEG指纹图是不同的 .结论　研究表明 ,在中国 NG流行株对喹诺酮类耐药率呈增长趋势 ;NG流行株对喹诺酮产生耐药性与gyr A和 par C基因双重突变有着密切的关系