全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2189篇 |
免费 | 188篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 16篇 |
儿科学 | 101篇 |
妇产科学 | 108篇 |
基础医学 | 250篇 |
口腔科学 | 108篇 |
临床医学 | 287篇 |
内科学 | 371篇 |
皮肤病学 | 59篇 |
神经病学 | 157篇 |
特种医学 | 37篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 159篇 |
综合类 | 56篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 195篇 |
眼科学 | 40篇 |
药学 | 251篇 |
中国医学 | 44篇 |
肿瘤学 | 153篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 48篇 |
2022年 | 130篇 |
2021年 | 159篇 |
2020年 | 124篇 |
2019年 | 135篇 |
2018年 | 177篇 |
2017年 | 134篇 |
2016年 | 121篇 |
2015年 | 106篇 |
2014年 | 118篇 |
2013年 | 163篇 |
2012年 | 226篇 |
2011年 | 191篇 |
2010年 | 108篇 |
2009年 | 67篇 |
2008年 | 86篇 |
2007年 | 103篇 |
2006年 | 60篇 |
2005年 | 44篇 |
2004年 | 33篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2395条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
131.
Ghaemmaghami F Fatemeh G Behroozi S Shohreh B Mousavi A Azamolsadat M Ashrafgangooei T Tahereh A Gilani MM Mitra MG Behtash N Nadereh B Ghanbari Z Zinat G 《Archives of gynecology and obstetrics》2008,278(4):315-318
Background and goals This study is designed to survey gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with vaginal metastases (GTN + VM) manifestations, prognosis
and chemotherapy response in order to consider appropriate chemotherapy regimen for these patients. There have been just a
few studies about treatment of GTN + VM.
Materials and methods Patients with Stage III GTN with or without vaginal metastases who had referred to Vali-e-Asr Hospital during 1996–2006 have
been selected to take part in this study and the size of metastases was measured. Then response and resistance to single and
combination chemotherapy regimens have been compared in these two groups. The data were processed using SPSS system (release
10). Statistical analysis was done with X2 to determine factors associated with complete clinical response. The level of significance was assigned at P < .05.
Results Forty-eight patients with stage III (with pulmonary metastases) GTN patients have been selected, 13 with vaginal metastases
and 35 without vaginal metastases. Incidence of vaginal metastases in stage III was 26%. Metastases were mainly in distal
part of vagina and suburethra. Chief complaint was severe hemorrhage in 25% of patients and was controlled by vaginal packing
with just one exception. Group of vaginal metastases showed 66.6% resistance to first-line chemotherapy, compared to 28.6%
in patients with no vaginal metastases (P-value = 0.010). Median of chemotherapy courses in low-risk vaginal metastatic patients was 5 (mean = 5.2), compared to three
courses in the group without vaginal metastases. Resistance to single chemotherapy was significantly higher in GTN + VM versus
GTN without VM patients and resistance was higher especially in patients with metastases with more than 3 cm (in diameter).
Conclusions Vaginal metastasis with more than 3 cm in diameter is an important prognostic factor in GTN patients. There have higher risks
for severe hemorrhage and resistance to single agent chemotherapy, so in these patients combination chemotherapy, with no
regard to staging and scoring, would be a better choice.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
132.
133.
Fatemeh Karimi Esmaeil Biazar Saeed Heidari-Keshel Bahareh Pourjabbar Mohammad Reza Khataminezhad Shervin Shirinbakhsh S. Yasaman Zolfaghari-Moghaddam 《RSC advances》2022,12(21):13472
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a rich source of effective growth factors has been used as a scaffold in tissue regeneration. It is known that PRF exhibits rapid degradability against enzymes, which should be decreased using crosslinking agents to reduce the release rate of growth factors and increase the effectiveness of tissue regeneration. In this study, a carbodiimide crosslinker with different concentrations (0.01%, 0.05%, 1%, and 2%) was used to modify and improve the properties of PRF gel. The crosslinked gels were evaluated with analyses such as SEM, swelling, degradability, mechanical strength, release test, cytotoxicity, and cell adhesion. The results showed that with increasing crosslinker concentration, the morphology of the fiber structure changes drastically, the swelling rate decreases from 300% (control) to 160% for the crosslinked gel, the degradation time for the control sample increases from 8 days to more than two weeks for the crosslinked gel, and the Young''s modulus increases from 0.15 MPa (control) to 0.61 MPa for the crosslinked samples. Growth factors also showed lower release with increasing crosslinking ratio. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that by increasing the crosslinker concentration to 1% w/v, no cytotoxicity was observed. Cellular studies with DAPI staining showed that the cells penetrated well into the gels and were well distributed, especially in gels with lower crosslinker concentrations. In addition, the modified PRF gel can be used as a scaffold for tissue regeneration.1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) as a crosslinker can improve the physical and mechanical properties of PRF gel by forming covalent bonds. 相似文献
134.
Gholam Reza Raissi Fatemeh Ghazaei Bijan Forogh Seyed Pezhman Madani Abbas Daghaghzadeh Tannaz Ahadi 《Ultrasound in medicine & biology》2017,43(2):453-460
This study examined the effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Forty patients with mild to moderate CTS were allocated to two groups: (i) shock wave + wrist splint and (ii) wrist splint. Patients used wrist splints followed by three sessions of low-energy shock wave therapy in the intervention group and wrist splints alone in the other group. The QuickDASH Questionnaire, visual analogue scale and nerve conduction studies were used to evaluate the patients before the study and at 3, 8 and 12 wk after the start of the treatment. At the end of the study, both groups saw the same clinical benefits. However, a significantly greater improvement in the median nerve distal sensory latency was noted in the shock wave group compared with the control group. We suggest that application of shock wave with alternative protocols may be effective in the treatment of CTS in future studies. 相似文献
135.
136.
Mohammad Shahi M Rashidi MR Mahboob S Haidari F Rashidi B Hanaee J 《Rheumatology international》2012,32(8):2407-2414
To evaluate preventive and therapeutic effects of soy protein on collagen-induced arthritis rats. Sprague–Dawley rats immunized with bovine type II collagen emulsified in adjuvant and treated with soy protein (7?g/kg), dexamethasone (1?mg/kg), and casein (in control groups) by daily gavages feedings for 30?days. Score of arthritis recorded every day for each paws of animal. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin6, leptin, and adiponectin were measured in serums. Treatment with soy protein resulted in significant delay in time to onset of arthritis as well as significantly decreased arthritis incidence, clinical arthritis severity score, histopathological arthritis severity score, and in vivo cell-mediated immunity to collagen (P?<?0.05). Administration of soy protein significantly suppressed the progression of collagen II-induced arthritis and inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin6, leptin, and adiponectin. Soy protein appeared to be a potent immunomodulatory inhibitor of collagen II-induced arthritis in rats. It could delay onset of RA and reduced cartilage erosion and synovitis inflammation. Therefore, it may be a useful protein in the prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis patient. 相似文献
137.
Distribution of cyclosporin in organ transplant recipients 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Cyclosporin is an immunosuppressive agent with a narrow therapeutic index. The total concentration of cyclosporin in blood is usually monitored to guide dosage adjustment and to compensate for substantial interindividual and intraindividual variability in cyclosporin pharmacokinetics. Cyclosporin is a highly lipophilic molecule and widely distributes into blood, plasma and tissue components. It mainly accumulates in fat-rich organs, including adipose tissue and liver. In blood, it binds to erythrocytes in a saturable fashion that is dependent on haematocrit, temperature and the concentration of plasma proteins. In plasma, it binds primarily to lipoproteins, including high-density, low-density and very-low-density lipoprotein, and, to a lesser extent, albumin. The unbound fraction of cyclosporin in plasma (CsA(fu)) expressed as a percentage is approximately 2%. It has been shown that both the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of cyclosporin are related to its binding characteristics in plasma. Furthermore, there is some evidence to indicate that the unbound concentration of cyclosporin (CsA(U)) has a closer association with both kidney and heart allograft rejection than the total (bound + unbound) concentration. However, the measurement of CsA(fu) is inherently complex and cannot easily be performed in a clinical setting. Mathematical models that calculate CsA(fu), and hence CsA(U), from the concentration of plasma lipoproteins may be a more practical option, and should provide a more accurate correlate of effectiveness and toxicity of this drug in transplant recipients than do conventional monitoring procedures. In conclusion, the distribution characteristics of cyclosporin in blood, plasma and various tissues are clinically important. Further investigations are needed to verify whether determination of CsA(U) improves the clinical management of transplant recipients. 相似文献
138.
139.
Fatemeh GHAEMMAGHAMI Tahereh ASHRAF-GANJOOIE 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology》2006,2(1):9-21
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is one of the most curable malignancies because of the intrinsic sensitivity of the tumor to certain antineoplastic agents, effective sensitive assays for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and identification of high‐risk factors that permit individualized treatment. Chemotherapy is the main modality of treatment in patients with GTN. The cure rate in patients with low‐risk GTN is 100%, and is estimated to exceed 80% in patients with high‐risk GTN. Management of GTN is based on staging (anatomical involvement staging) and scoring. Patients with persistent GTN and stage I or score ≤ 6 (low risk) should be managed with single agent chemotherapy (methotraxate or actinomycin), but patients with stage IV or score ≥ 7 (high risk) need combination chemotherapy. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is radiosensitive, because radiation has hemostatic and tumorocidal effect on GTN. Therefore, radiotherapy can be used in treatment of some patients with brain hepatic metastasis or in patients where chemotherapy is not possible due to medical problems. Surgery can be used in patients who are resistant to chemotherapy or in hemorrhagic cases. Surgical resection of the tumor is the main form of therapy for placental site trophoblastic tumor. This surgery consists of a hysterectomy for the majority of patients as the disease is confined to the uterus. 相似文献
140.
Population pharmacokinetic estimation of tacrolimus apparent clearance in adult liver transplant recipients 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Zahir H McLachlan AJ Nelson A McCaughan G Gleeson M Akhlaghi F 《Therapeutic drug monitoring》2005,27(4):422-430
The goal was to study the factors affecting tacrolimus apparent clearance (CL/F) in adult liver transplant recipients. Tacrolimus dose and concentration data (n = 694) were obtained from 67 liver transplant recipients (22 female and 45 male), and the data were analyzed using a nonlinear mixed-effect modeling (NONMEM) method. A 1-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first-order elimination, an absorption rate constant fixed at 4.5 hours, and first-order conditional estimation was used to describe tacrolimus disposition. The predictive performance of the final model was evaluated using data splitting and assessing bias and precision of the estimates. The population estimate of tacrolimus CL/F and apparent volume of distribution (V/F) were found to be 21.3 L/h (95% confidence interval, CI, 18.0-24.6 L/h) and 316.1 L (95% CI 133-495 L), respectively. Neither patient's age, weight, gender, nor markers of liver function influenced tacrolimus CL/F. The final model was TVCL = 21.3 + 9.8 x (1 - HEM) + 3.4 x (1 - ALB) - 2.1 x (1 - DIL) - 7.4 x (1 - FLU), where TVCL, typical estimate of apparent clearance, HEM = 0 if hematocrit <35%, otherwise 1; ALB = 0 if albumin <3.5 g/dL, otherwise 1; DIL = 0 if diltiazem is coadministered, otherwise 1; FLU = 0 if fluconazole is coadministered, otherwise 1. This study identified the factors that significantly affect tacrolimus disposition in adult liver transplant recipients during the early posttransplantation period. This information will be helpful to clinicians for dose individualization of tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients with different clinical conditions including anemia or hypoalbuminemia or in those patients receiving diltiazem or fluconazole. 相似文献