Ueber Verdauung und Resorption im Dickdarm des Menschen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Untersuchungen über die Ausscheidung des Zuckers durch die Nieren nach der Einspritzung desselben in das Blut

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Ueber die Harnstoffbestimmung mit unterbromigsaurem Natron

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Health‐related quality of life – using the 15D instrument – of young adults with type 1 diabetes since childhood. Population‐based Oulu cohort study of diabetic retinopathy

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) of young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) since childhood using the 15D instrument. The possible impact of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) on the HRQoL was focused on. Methods: During the years 1989–1990, the prevalence of DR was evaluated from ocular fundus photographs of a population‐based cohort of children with T1D living in the Northern Osthrobothnia Hospital District, Finland. These 216 individuals were contacted 18 years later and invited for assessment of the 15D HRQoL as well as current stage of DR. The results were compared with age‐ and gender‐standardized Finnish general population. Results: The 15D data were obtained from 123 patients aged 29 ± 3 years with a duration of diabetes of 23 ± 4 years. The mean 15D score was similar in the patients with T1D and the general population [0.954 ± 0.062 versus 0.964 ± 0.052, respectively (p = 0.085)]. However, the subgroup of patients with PDR (N = 38) had a statistically significantly lower mean 15D score than those subjects with nonproliferative or no DR [0.931 ± 0.086 versus 0.965 ± 0.044, respectively (p = 0.026)]. Conclusion: Young adults with T1D since childhood had 15D HRQoL score equal to that of age‐ and gender‐standardized general population as long as no more severe than nonproliferative DR was present. Presence of PDR, not T1D of long duration per se, significantly impaired the 15D score.     

Electromyography and morphology during regeneration of muscle injury in rats

Healing of the partially ruptured rat gastrocnemius muscle was studied correlating electromyographical findings with morphological changes. Fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves were seen both proximal and distal to the injury 7 days after the injury and disappeared in the proximal part by day 14 and in the distal part by day 21. Late components of motor action potential were observed from day 14 onwards. Denervation was mainly myogenic, i.e. caused either by rupture of myofibres, whence the abjunctional stump lost its contact with the neuromuscular junction on the adjunctional stump, or by necrosis of the segment of the ruptured myofibre lying underneath the neuromuscular junction. Lesser extent of denervation was neurogenic, i.e. caused by damage to intramuscular nerve fibres. The reinnervation occurs either by regeneration of the necrotized myofibres, by regeneration of the severed nerves, or by collateral innervation of new neuromuscular junctions in the abjunctional stumps. The present study indicates that electromyography may be useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of skeletal muscle injuries.     

Microcomputed tomography staging of bone histolysis in the regenerating mouse digit

Humans and mice have the ability to regenerate the distal digit tip, the terminal phalanx (P3) in response to amputation. What distinguishes P3 regeneration from regenerative failure is formation of the blastema, a proliferative structure that undergoes morphogenesis to regenerate the amputated tissues. P3 regeneration is characterised by the phases of inflammation, tissue histolysis and expansive bone degradation with simultaneous blastema formation, wound closure and finally blastemal differentiation to restore the amputated structures. While each regenerating digit faithfully progresses through all phases of regeneration, phase progression has traditionally been delineated by time, that is, days postamputation (DPA), yet there is widespread variability in the timing of the individual phases. To diminish variability between digits during tissue histolysis and blastema formation, we have established an in-vivo method using microcomputed tomography (micro CT) scanning to identify five distinct stages of the early regeneration response based on anatomical changes of the digit stump. We report that categorising the initial phases of digit regeneration by stage rather than time greatly diminishes the variability between digits with respect to changes in bone volume and length. Also, stages correlate with the levels of cell proliferation, osteoclast recruitment and osteoprogenitor cell recruitment. Importantly, micro CT staging provides a means to estimate open versus closed digit wounds. We demonstrate two spatially distinct and stage specific bone repair/regeneration responses that occur during P3 regeneration. Collectively, these studies showcase the utility of micro CT imaging to infer the composition of radiolucent soft tissues during P3 blastema formation. Specifically, the staging system identifies the onset of cell proliferation, osteoclastogenesis, osteoprogenitor recruitment, the spatial initiation of de novo bone formation and epidermal closure.