胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)与子宫内膜异位症关系的研究进展

本文对IGF家族的组成、结构、在多种肿瘤中的作用机制及其在内异症中的研究进展作一综述,旨在为内异症的诊治提供新的依据。其中研究较明确的是IGF-I和IGFBP-3。IGF-I促进甾体激素的生成、促进细胞增殖、抑制细胞凋亡,与多种肿瘤的发生有关。IGF-I促进异位子宫内膜生长,与内异症形成有关。IGFBP-3作用与IGF-I相反,可能是通过与IGF-I的结合而实现。     

低营养及低氧状态下NIH3T3细胞增殖及细胞周期的变化及对bFGF的影响

目的： 体外模拟慢性创面缺氧、低营养环境，观察成纤维细胞在该状态下增殖及细胞周期的变化及对外源性生长因子（bFGF）的反应,探讨低氧、低营养条件下成纤维细胞的病理生理变化。方法: 单纯缺氧环境采用厌氧培养箱，通入混合气，氧分压（PO₂）分为27 mmHg和44 mmHg 2个水平；低营养环境则控制培养液新生牛血清（NCS）浓度。用MTT法检测细胞活性以及其对外源性生长因子的反应，用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期。结果: PO₂ 44 mmHg时细胞增殖速度较同期对照组无明显差异；PO₂ 27 mmHg时，细胞增殖速度较同期对照组明显减慢（P<0.01），细胞被阻滞于G₀期，S期细胞比例明显减少，bFGF未显示促增殖作用。NCS浓度为0.5%的低营养状态下细胞增殖速度较同期对照组明显减慢（P<0.01），细胞被阻滞于G₀-G₁期（P<0.01）；bFGF能明显改善低营养状态下的增殖减慢（P<0.01），使G₂-M期细胞比例增加（P<0.05）。结论: 27 mmHg PO₂或NCS浓度为0.5%的低营养环境使细胞阻滞于G₀-G₁期，影响成纤维细胞增殖；bFGF可以改善低营养条件下细胞增殖减慢的状态，但对极度缺氧条件下的成纤维细胞增殖障碍无明显作用。     

Antitumor immune response by CX3CL1 fractalkine gene transfer depends on both NK and T cells

The CX3C chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1) exists as both a membrane-bound form promoting firm cell-cell adhesion and a soluble form chemoattracting leukocytes expressing its receptor CX3CR1. When adenoviral vector expressing mouse fractalkine (AdFKN) was transduced to the tumor cells, fractalkine was expressed as both membrane-bound form on the tumor cells and soluble form in the supernatant in vitro. Intratumoral injection of AdFKN (1 x 10(9)PFU/tumor) into C26 and B16F10 tumors resulted in marked reduction of tumor growth compared to control (C26: 86.5%, p<0.001; B16F10: 85.5%, p<0.001). Histological examination of tumor tissues revealed abundant infiltration of NK cells, dendritic cells, and CD8(+) T lymphocytes 3 and/or 6 days after treatment with AdFKN. Splenocytes from mice treated by AdFKN developed tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells, and thereby protected from rechallenging with parental tumor cells. Antitumor effects by AdFKN were completely abrogated in both NK cell-depleted mice and CD8(-/-) mice, and partially blocked in CD4(-/-) mice. These data indicated that fractalkine mediates antitumor effects by both NK cell-dependent and T cell-dependent mechanisms. This study suggests that fractalkine can be a suitable candidate for immunogene therapy of cancer because fractalkine induces both innate and adaptive immunity.     

Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus elicit differential innate immune responses following intramammary infection

Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are among the most prevalent species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively, that induce clinical mastitis. The innate immune system comprises the immediate host defense mechanisms to protect against infection and contributes to the initial detection of and proinflammatory response to infectious pathogens. The objective of the present study was to characterize the different innate immune responses to experimental intramammary infection with E. coli and S. aureus during clinical mastitis. The cytokine response and changes in the levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), two proteins that contribute to host recognition of bacterial cell wall products, were studied. Intramammary infection with either E. coli or S. aureus elicited systemic changes, including decreased milk output, a febrile response, and induction of the acute-phase synthesis of LBP. Infection with either bacterium resulted in increased levels of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), gamma interferon, IL-12, sCD14, and LBP in milk. High levels of the complement cleavage product C5a and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were detected at several time points following E. coli infection, whereas S. aureus infection elicited a slight but detectable increase in these mediators at a single time point. Increases in IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were observed only in quarters infected with E. coli. Together, these data demonstrate the variability of the host innate immune response to E. coli and S. aureus and suggest that the limited cytokine response to S. aureus may contribute to the well-known ability of the bacterium to establish chronic intramammary infection.     

The study of tuberculosis outbreak in a high school—Shanghai,China, 2017–2018

Journal of Public Health - To investigate the attack rate of active tuberculosis (TB) cases and detection rate of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cases, and to identify possible factors...     

非开胸食管内翻剥脱术

目的　研讨非开胸食管内翻剥脱的手术方法、优缺点及适应症。方法 :分析我院 1 992年至 2 0 0 0年 6月非开胸食管内翻剥脱胃重建食管术的 1 8例病历 ,其中下咽癌 5例、甲状腺鳞癌 1例、喉癌侵犯下咽者 4例、食管颈段癌 8例。结果 :本组病人食管床出血量均在 1 0 0ml以下 ,无吻合口漏等严重并发症 ,无手术死亡。结论 :本手术安全具有简便创伤小的优点 ,适用于颈段食管癌、下咽癌及甲状腺癌和喉癌侵及下咽者、部分早期食管癌和贲门癌。     

维生素D缺乏性晚发性佝偻病的骨密度研究

目的：探讨维生素D缺乏性晚发性佝偻病的骨密度变化;方法：采用病例对照研究方法。对640名学生进行问诊及体验,测定非优势侧尺挠骨中1／3交界处骨密度（BMD）,病例组检测骨碱性磷酸酶,拍摄腕部X光片,病例组与对照组同测血250HD3;结果：病例组骨密度显著低于对照组,病例组250HD3异常者显著低于对照组;结论：晚佝病是由于维生素D缺乏所至的骨量减少性疾病,日后影响峰值骨量的形成,并与成人期骨质疏松有密切的关系,骨密度检查对晚佝病有重要诊断价值。     

一氧化氮对谷氨酸单钠脑损害小鼠学习记忆能力的影响

目的　观察谷氨酸单钠 (MSG)对小鼠学习记忆的影响及血浆、脑内NO含量的变化。方法　给断乳分窝小鼠MSG灌胃 ,每天 2次 ,连续 30d ,31d早灌胃后对小鼠进行迷宫行为训练 ,2 4h后对其进行迷宫记忆检测 ,用硝酸还原酶法检测血浆脑内的NO含量。结果　MSG对小鼠学习记忆能力有影响并存在剂量效应关系 ,其血浆、脑中NO含量均升高并有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　NO可加重MSG对小鼠学习与记忆的损害作用。     

肺癌支气管动脉灌注化疗并发症的防治

目的 :探讨肺癌支气管脉灌注化疗 (BAI)并发症产生原因及防治措施。方法 :中晚期肺癌 38例行BAI6 2例次 ,15例次出现并发症。结果 :恶心 ,呕吐 8例次 ,局部皮损 3例次 ,脊髓损伤 2例次。经积极治疗 ,以上并发症均得以控制。结论 :BAI可出现不同并发症 ,应注意预防 ,积极处理     

热力学模型对石油低压汽液平衡计算的适用性

以Maxwell-Bonnel图拟合式、对比态Antoine方程及Pitzer-Riedel关联式分别求算饱和蒸汽压P^0,并用RoultK值（K＝P^0／P）,计算窄留分K值。根据实测的中原、孤岛和克拉玛依石油馏分低压K值,考察上述三式,结果表明：对比态Antoine式预测精度是最好的,其温度预测绝对平均偏差为7．0℃,K值预测平均相对偏差为15．6％,其他两模型偏差均较大。