E838等抗放药对放射损伤防治作用的比较

目的；比较研究E838，WR－2721，盐酸胱胺和炔雌醇等对放射损伤的防治作用及其相互之间的协同作用关系。方法：采用小鼠腹腔注射或灌胃的方法在致伤前或／和致伤后按常用量给药，观察30d存活率，死亡动物平活日和保护系数K的差异。结果：（1）致伤前预防给药，上述4种药物均明显提高了放射损伤的存活率，并延长了死亡动物的平均存活日，其中以E838和WR2721效果最佳；（2）致伤后给药则仅E838和茜草显示了治疗效果；（3）联合用药实验显示所研究的5种配伍用药方式均有较好的防治效果，但以WR2721（防）＋E838（治）效果最好。结论：E838和WR2721与其它抗放药相比具有较理想的辐射防护作用，且E838还有一定的治疗作用,两者合理配伍使用可发挥协同的作用效果。     

芦沙坦和苯那普利对高血压大鼠左室肥厚的抑制作用

目的：研究芦沙坦及苯那普利对老龄前期自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）左室肥厚及丝裂素活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）的抑制作用。方法：将老龄前期SHR随机分为SHR对照组，苯那普利（10mg.kg^-1.d^-1）及芦沙坦（30mg.kg^-1.d^-1）治疗组，治疗期为3个月，每月测压一次，治疗结束后处死动物，测定心肌肥厚指标、血中及心肌中内皮素（ET）、血管紧张素AⅡ及MAPK。结果：苯那普利及芦沙治疗后血压、心肌肥厚指标、血中及心肌中内皮素（ET）及MAPK明显低于SHR相对照组（P＜0．01），芦沙坦组血中及心肌中AⅡ无下降。结论：AⅡ、ET及MAPK参与了SHR的血压升高及心肌肥厚的形成。苯那普利及芦沙坦有抑制AⅡ、ET及MAPK的活性，从而达到降压及逆转心肌肥厚的作用。     

阴沟肠杆菌超广谱β—内酰胺酶、诱导酶的检出与耐药相关性的分析

目的：了解阴沟肠杆菌超广谱β－内酰胺酶和诱导酶的产生和分布情况。并分析产酶特性和耐药表型的相关性。方法：用纸片扩散确证法和相邻纸片法对104株阴沟肠杆菌进行超广谱β－内酰胺酶及诱导酶的检测，用VITEK全自动药敏分析系统和K－B琼脂扩散法检测其对20种抗生素的耐药性。结果：104例阴沟肠杆菌中，检出超广谱β－内酰胺酶阳性株77株，占74％，诱导酶阳性株26株，占25％，13株两种酶同时阳性。超广谱β－内酰胺酶阳性株主要集中在几个病区，诱导酶阳性株则无此倾向，104株菌对多种怀素高度耐药，产超广谱β－内酰胺酶株的耐药率明显高于非产酶株，产诱导酶株的耐药率反而低于非产酶株。结论：阴沟肠杆菌产酶情况和耐药性均十分严重。多重耐药的主要原因是由于菌株产生超广谱β－内酰胺酶，产酶株对三代头孢的体外敏感试验不能正确反映临床的治疗效果。实验室应加强阴肠杆菌产酶情况的检测，治疗产酶阴沟肠杆菌引起的感染，首选亚胺培南，其次为舒普深，任何情况下应避免使用三代头孢。     

抗前列腺增生药SL—89．0519—08的合成

目的：研究治疗前列腺增生的α1－受体拮抗剂SL－89．0519－08的合成路线。方法：以5－氯－2－甲氧基苯胺为原料，经环合，烃化，脱保护基和亲核取代等步骤，合成了目标化合物，同时对原料合成工艺进行了摸索。结果：合成的目标化合物经IR，^1HMNR,EI-MS和HRMS得以确证。结论：该合成工艺和路线适宜工业化生产。     

The effect of optical design on micromanipulator spot size using CO2 laser irradiation

Objective: The study goal was to compare the laser spot size created using reflective and refractive micromanipulators with a CO₂ laser and to determine the sensitivity of spot size to laser power. Study Design and Setting: A CO₂ laser and operating microscope (400-mm focal length) was coupled to either a reflective (Cassegrain-like) or refractive micromanipulator. Laser spot size was determined by measuring the region of ablation created by laser irradiation of wood (dry tongue depressors), exposed photographic film, and agar gel using optical micrometry. Laser power varied from 0.5 to 20 W with pulse durations of 0.1 and 0.5 second. Results: The reflective micromanipulator demonstrated overall smaller spot sizes for a given laser power and lower incremental change in spot size with increasing power. The reflective design demonstrated less sensitivity to increases in laser power. Conclusions: Micromanipulator optical design can result in significant differences in laser spot size. The reflective device used in this study demonstrated less sensitivity to increasing laser power. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;126:593-597.)     

神经干细胞静脉移植治疗脊髓损伤的实验研究

[目的]观察神经干细胞静脉移植对损伤大鼠脊髓功能的治疗作用。[方法]取孕14—16dSD胎鼠的脑室下区组织，体外培养后鉴定细胞。制作脊髓全切模型，伤后1周将Brdu标记好的神经干细胞通过尾静脉注射移植到大鼠体内，移植后及8周行皮层体感诱发电位（CSEP）检测和BBB功能评分，并留损伤脊髓处作病理切片及免疫组化染色。[结果]（1）移植后8周BBB评分损伤组、移植组都有所恢复，但都未达到正常水平，移植组恢复较好；（2）模型制作后，CSEP波均消失，细胞移植后8周移植组的波形有不同程度的恢复，但潜伏期延长；（3）移植组大鼠脊髓损伤处存在大量Brdu染色阳性细胞，表明移植的细胞在体内可到达损伤脊髓处并能存活；脊髓损伤部位NF-200及GFAP染色阳性的细胞表明移植的细胞可以分化为具有神经元和胶质细胞特性的细胞。[结论]静脉移植的神经干细胞能到达损伤区代替受损的神经元及神经胶质细胞，使损伤的脊髓功能得到一定程度的恢复。     

Laparoscopic Local Resection Based on Sentinel Node Evaluation for Early Gastric Cancer: A Preliminary Report

We previously reported that lymphatic mapping using isosulfan blue can be used to identify sentinel nodes (SNs). This study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of using the SN technique in treating early gastric cancer and to explore its usefulness for minimal invasive surgery. Twenty-three patients with early gastric cancer who underwent SN biopsy were retrospectively evaluated. Based on SN evaluation, individualized surgery was performed in five patients with T1N0M0 gastric cancer. When pathological examination of frozen sections revealed metastasis in SNs, we performed a standard D2 gastrectomy. Laparoscopic local resection was applied when the SN biopsy was negative. Our results showed that the success rate with SN biopsy in early gastric cancer was 100%, as were the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. All five patients with early gastric cancer had SNs negative for metastases both by frozen section and by postoperative pathology. Thus, all these patients underwent laparoscopic local resection without extended lymphadenectomy. We conclude that SN biopsy is a useful tool to individualize the operative procedure, and laparoscopic local resection can be safely performed using SN guidance in selected patients with early gastric cancer.     

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma with Ocular Involvement

Abstract:   Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a benign histiocytic skin disorder encountered primarily in infancy and childhood. Approximately 0.4% of cases exhibit ocular manifestations, which can result in glaucoma and blindness. We present a case of a 7-month-old male with unilateral glaucoma associated with Juvenile xanthogranuloma, and emphasize the importance of an ocular screening in patients with Juvenile xanthogranuloma, especially those with periocular lesions.     

心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状2050例心理干预治疗分析

目的:了解心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状的情况并探讨心理干预等对焦虑抑郁症状的影响。方法:对住院的2050例心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状的患者进行回顾性分析。结果:心血管疾病患者中并发有焦虑抑郁症状者占56%;其常表现为类似心绞痛、左心衰竭症状,可并发有心律失常;高血压病并发有焦虑抑郁患者对血压升高的耐受性差,动态血压检查以非勺型改变者居多;单纯使用心血管药物治疗效果欠佳,心理干预,焦虑抑郁症状严重者结合抗焦虑抑郁药物疗效显著。结论:心血管疾病患者常并发焦虑抑郁症状,心理干预治疗等可有效改善患者的症状。