Significance of the diagnosis and treatment of arterial injuries of the wrist

Authors report on arterial injuries in a 2-year material of hand injured. The combination of injuries observed and the methods of treatment are described. Attention is called to the fact, that because of anatomical characteristics of these regions, the diagnosis of arterial injuries is not always easy. Four cases of their own are briefly described in whom the arterial injury could be stated only at the development of complications (pulsating haematoma, false aneurysm, later bleeding). The importance of the primary careful treatment and the significance of the examination of the circulation (Allen's test, Doppler) are stressed.     

Brain type creatine kinase in relation to oxygen desaturation in the blood of children with congenital heart disease

The concentration of brain type creatine kinase (CK-BB) was measured in blood from the internal jugular vein in 32 children (less than 1 year old) with congenital heart disease. In transposition of the great arteries the CK-BB levels were significantly higher than in children without cyanosis (10.1 +/- 4.1 vs. 3.0 +/- 0.5 ng/ml). A negative correlation was found for CK-BB concentration and arterial oxygen saturation (r = -0.41, p less than 0.02 for all children and r = -0.62, p less than 0.05 for those with tetralogy of Fallot). It is suggested that the increased CK-BB levels in the blood of cyanotic children reflect chronic cerebral hypoxia, which may explain other reports of reduced psycho-intellectual function in patients with cyanotic heart disease.     

Effect of drugs on crystal adhesion to injured urothelium.

The normal urothelium is covered by a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer which acts as a barrier to the adhesion of crystals. Destruction of the GAG layer increases the number of adhered crystals, and it is therefore assumed that it promotes crystal growth and stone formation. Intravesical instillation of pentosanpolysulfate, an exogenous glycosaminoglycan, after destruction of this layer reduces the adhesion of crystals to the urothelium. Intramuscular administration of carbenoxolone sodium following the experimental destruction of the GAG layer increases the rate of healing of the layer and reduces the number of adhered crystals.     

Sonographic characteristics of epidermoidcyst of testicle

The ultrasonographic characteristics of an epidermoid cyst of the testicle are presented. Since these, findings are similar to other published case reports, preoperative sonographic diagnosis of this lagon may be possible.