对儿童X线体检中减少照射剂量的探讨

目的:探讨儿童在X线体检中减少照射剂量的方法。方法:应用东芝500mA遥控X线机、FJ-427型热释光剂量仪等设备,对100名3~5岁儿童体检时,随机分成两个对照组、每组50名,分别接受胸透或平片检查,对检查测得数据均进行统计学处理。结果:胸透时胸部接受的照射剂量是平片的22倍多,其它部位接受的X线散射剂量平均值之比亦在20~30倍之间。结论:在儿童X线体检中应采用常规胸片替代胸透,可以有效地降低其辐射危害。     

Fontan conversion with arrhythmia surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Hemodynamic abnormalities and refractory atrial arrhythmias in patients late after the Fontan operation result in significant morbidity and mortality. We reviewed our experience with Fontan conversion and concomitant arrhythmia surgery. METHODS: Between January 1996 and February 2004, 16 patients underwent Fontan conversion and arrhythmia surgery. Mean age at the initial Fontan operation was 5.1+/-3.5 (range: 2-15) years and mean age at Fontan conversion was 17.0+/-5.8 (range: 6-30). The initial Fontan operations were atriopulmonary connections in 14 patients, extracardiac lateral tunnel in 1, and intracardiac lateral tunnel in 1. The types of arrhythmia included atrial flutter in 10 patients and atrial fibrillation in 3. Fontan conversion operation was performed with intracardiac lateral tunnel in 5 patients and extracardiac conduit in 11. Arrhythmia surgery included isthmus cryoablation in 10 patients and right-sided maze in 3. RESULTS: There has been no mortality. At Fontan conversion operation, 7 patients required permanent pacemaker. All patients have improved to New York Heart Association class I or II. With a mean follow-up of 26.9+/-30.6 (range:1-87) months, 16 patients had sinus rhythm, 2 patients had transient atrial flutter which was well controlled, and 2 patients required permanent pacemaker during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Fontan conversion with concomitant arrhythmia surgery and permanent pacemaker placement is safe, improves New York Heart Association functional class, and has a low incidence of recurrent arrhythmias. In most patients, concomitant permanent pacemakers are needed.     

小肝细胞癌的螺旋CT诊断

目的探讨小肝细胞癌的CT影像表现。方法回顾我院2001年2月-2005年2月经病理证实的12例小肝细胞癌的CT表现。结果通过平扫、动脉期、门脉期及部分延迟扫描均可对小肝细胞癌作出定性诊断。结论螺旋CT作为非创伤性容积扫描技术对小肝细胞癌的早期检出、定位、定性诊断具有十分重要的临床价值。     

新型记忆合金节段内固定器治疗腰椎峡部裂的实验研究

目的 :设计一种治疗腰椎峡部裂的新型记忆合金节段内固定器 ,测试其材料力学特性 ,并评价其生物力学稳定性。方法 :测量 2 0具干燥完整成人腰椎标本获得数据 ,按数据采用镍钛记忆合金设计固定器并行材料力学测试。取 6具新鲜成人腰椎标本 ,先后形成正常脊柱组、峡部裂组、横突棘突钢丝捆绑组、钩螺钉固定组、Buck螺钉固定组、新研制记忆合金固定器固定组 6组实验模型。利用脊柱三维运动实验机 ,分别测试 6组的前屈 /后伸、左 /右侧弯及左 /右轴向旋转 6种运动的活动范围。结果 :材料力学测试表明其形态记忆功能良好 ,体温状态下会产生稳定可靠的回复力。 6组在前屈、后伸及左右旋转状态 ,峡部裂组稳定性最差 ,同其他 5组差别明显。而使用新研制记忆合金内固定器组可明显恢复腰椎稳定性 ,同正常脊柱组及其他 3种内固定组均无显著差别。另两种状态左右侧弯 6组均无显著性差别。结论 :新设计的内固定器符合腰椎的生物力学要求 ,较先前的半环状内固定器优势明显 ,具有很好应用前景     

中国部分地区妇幼卫生信息系统的现状分析

本文通过研究卫生 项目地区报表资料和现场调查 ,对项目地区妇幼卫生信息系统的建设及运作情况进行了分析 ,并对报表数据质量进行了评价。分析显示 :卫 项目推动了贫困地区信息系统建设 ,项目地区已建立起系统的妇幼卫生信息管理体系 ,但分析也反映出项目地区妇幼卫生常规报表的数据质量仍存在一定问题。分析结果提示 ,应进一步加强妇幼卫生信息系统建设 ,提高妇幼卫生统计信息专业队伍的业务水平。     

长柄梭罗细胞毒活性部位的化学成分研究

目的 对长柄梭罗Reevesia longipetiolata树皮具细胞毒活性的醋酸乙酯部分化学成分进行研究。方法 采用常压、加压硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、高效液相色谱进行分离和纯化，通过理化和波谱分析方法鉴定化合物结构。结果 从其醋酸乙酯部分分离得到5个化合物，分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol，I)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol，Ⅱ)、白桦脂酸(betulinic acid，Ⅲ)、羽扇豆醇(lupeol，Ⅳ)和( )-儿茶素[( )-catechin，V]。结论 5个化合物均为首次从该属植物中分得，并分别讨论了它们的细胞毒活性。     

Effect of isoelectric point on biodistribution and inflammation imaging with indium-111-labelled IgG

Electrostatic effects play an important role in protein interactions and may alter the biodistribution of antibodies. To study the effect of molecular charge on the biodistribution and infection imaging properties of human polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG), its iso electric point was varied by changing the level of diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) substitution: 0.8, 0.9, 3.7, 5.1 and 5.9 DTPA/IgG. Biodistributions of the different IgG preparations were determined at 10 min, 1, 6, 24, and 48 h post injection in normal rats, and infection imaging properties were determined in rats withEscherichia coli thigh infections. The biodistribution was significantly affected by pl. The immunoglobulin preparations with 0.9 and 3.7 DTPA/IgG showed faster clearance from the circulation and generally lower accumulation in most organs. The images had a target-to-background ratio of approximately 1.3–2.3:1. These results suggest that even though targeting is not affected by the level of DTPA substitutions, preparations with 0.9 and 3.7 DTPA/IgG may be superior imaging agents because of reduced accumulation by background organs.     

Quantitative structure-activity relationships in MAO-inhibitory 2-phenylcyclopropylamines: Insights into the topography of MAO-A and MAO-B

Ten (E)-and (Z)-isomers of 2-phenylcyclopropylamine (PCA), 1-Me-PCA, 2-Me-PCA, N-Me-PCA, and N, N-diMe-PCA and fifteeno ⁻, m⁻, p⁻ isomers of (E)-PCA with substituents of Me, Cl, F, OMe, OH were synthesized in this laboratory and tested for the inhibition of rat brain mitochondrial MAO-A and MAO-B. The effects of substituents, their positions, and stereochemistry on the inhibition were assessed for the compounds with substituents at cyclopropyl and amino groups and QSAR analyses were performed using the potency data of ring-substituted compounds. The best correlated QSAR equations are as follows: pI₅₀=0.804 Π² Blo−1.069 Blm+0.334 Lp−1.709 HDp+7.897 (r=0.945, s=0.211, F=16.691, p=0.000) for the inhibition of MAO-A; pI₅₀=1.815 π-0.825 Π² R+0.900 Es²+0.869 Es³+0.796 Es⁴−0.992 HDp+0.562 HAo+3.893 (r=0.982, s=0.178, F=23.351, p=0.000) for the inhibition of MAO-B. Based on the potency difference between stereoisomers of cyclopropylamine-modified compounds and on QSAR results, it is proposed that the active sites of MAO-A are composed of one deep hydrophobic cavity near para position, two hydrophobic cavities interacting with Me group, a hydrophobic area accomodating phenyl and cyclopropyl backbone, steric boundaries, a hydrogen-acceptor site near para position, and an amino group binding site and that in addition to the same two hydrophobic cavities, hydrophobic area, steric boundaries, hydrogen-acceptor site, and amino group binding site, another steric boundary near para position and a hydrogen donating site near ortho position constitute active sites of MAO-B.     

雷公藤和昆明山海棠植物中挥发性化学成分比较

雷公藤(Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.)为卫矛科雷公藤属植物的一种,分布在我国长江以南诸省区。民间早期用其治疗类风湿性关节炎,现已用于多系统疾病的治疗。雷公藤的主要成分包括二萜类、三萜类、倍半萜类和生物碱。近年来,雷公藤的多种药理作用引起广大科研人员的关注,同时,也促进了同属