应用多层螺旋CT对耳硬化症的术前评估价值

目的:评估MDCT在术前耳硬化症诊断中的作用。方法:收集经临床证实为耳硬化症、且CT扫描采用螺旋扫描病例共18例,采集的数据传输到4.1工作站,进行多平面重建。结果:18例共36耳显示异常:单独前庭窗异常18耳,表现为前庭窗扩大或狭小,周围骨质密度降低或镫骨底板板密度增高;前庭窗及蜗窗同时受累共8耳;主要累及耳蜗周围迷路骨质10耳,表现为耳蜗骨迷路边缘不整,呈条片状密度减低或双环征。MPR交互重建充分显示了所有重要解剖结构的位置、形态:其中3耳为颈静脉球高位。结论:MDCT可以正确显示耳硬化症病灶的细微改变,提供详细的术前诊断信息;结合MPR技术可全面观察病变范围,并充分显示颞骨内重要解剖结构的位置和形态。对于手术方案的设计、防止手术并发症和提高疗效等具有重要意义。     

Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: clinicopathological features with an emphasis on uterine cervical involvement.

We report on the clinical and histological features of five cases of epithelioid trophoblastic tumor, with an emphasis on its involvement of the uterine cervix. All five patients were of reproductive age (median age 38.4 years) and all, except one, presented with vaginal bleeding 3 to 18 years after the most recent pregnancy. One patient presented with amenorrhea. Elevation of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was seen in four cases. Pathologically, the tumor involved endocervix in three cases and involved uterine corpus in another two. All five tumors were invasive, nodular lesions consisting of epithelioid intermediate trophoblastic cells that were mononuclear with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, along with zones of hyaline material and necrotic debris. In three cases of cervical involvement, the neoplastic cells focally replaced endocervical surface and glandular epithelium, simulating high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Immunohistochemically, all five tumors displayed focal positivity for human placental lactogen and hCG. Positive nuclear staining of p63 was seen in all five cases. All patients received total hysterectomy and various regimes of adjuvant chemotherapy. Three patients survived the tumor with no recurrences or metastases with follow-up periods of 3, 7 and 16 years. One patient is currently alive with lung metastasis 1 month after the surgery. One patient died of tumor metastasis 8 months after the diagnosis. In summary, with its unusual ability to simulate an invasive squamous cell carcinoma and other epithelioid neoplasms, epithelioid trophoblastic tumor frequently poses a diagnostic challenge, especially when involving the uterine cervix. High index of suspicion and an awareness of elevation of serum chorionic gonadotropin are crucial in reaching a correct diagnosis.     

Fast Adaptive Unsharp Masking with Programmable Mediaprocessors

Unsharp masking is a widely used image-enhancement method in medical imaging. Hardware-based solutions can be developed to support high computational demand for unsharp masking, but they suffer from limited flexibility. Software solutions can easily incorporate new features and modify key parameters, such as filtering kernel size, but they have not been able to meet the fast computing requirement. Modern programmable mediaprocessors can meet both fast computing and flexibility requirements, which will benefit medical image computing. In this article, we present fast adaptive unsharp masking on two leading mediaprocessors or high-end digital signal processors, Hitachi/Equator Technologies MAP-CA and Texas Instruments TMS320C64x. For a 2k × 2k 16-bit image, our adaptive unsharp masking with a 201 × 201 boxcar kernel takes 225 ms on a 300-MHz MAP-CA and 74 ms on a 600-MHz TMS320C64x. This fast unsharp masking enables technologists and/or physicians to adjust parameters interactively for optimal quality assurance and image viewing.     

Reduced p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression is an early event in gallbladder carcinogenesis and is of prognostic significance for patients with carcinomas of the gallbladder

The molecular basis underlying the development and progression of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) remains poorly understood. To evaluate the roles of p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p53 in gallbladder carcinogenesis and to assess their prognostic significance for patients with GBC, we used immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p53 protein in a series of surgically resected specimens, including normal epithelia, precancerous lesions adenoma, and dysplasia, and carcinomas of the gallbladder. Reduced p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression was frequently observed in carcinomas (18 of 37 lesions; 49%), and even in precancerous lesions adenomas (3 of 7; 43%) and dysplasias (5 of 5; 100%). p53 overexpression was detected in 43% of the adenomas, 60% of the dysplasias and 57% of the carcinomas. There was an inverse relationship between p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p53 expression in GBCs (P =.01). Survival analysis indicated that reduced p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression was significantly associated with shortened disease-free and overall survival (P =.04 and.03, respectively) for patients with stages II to IV GBCs. These observations suggest that reduced p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression and p53 overexpression contribute to GBC from an early stage and that determination of p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression in surgically resected specimens would add prognostic information to conventional pathologic examinations for patients with advanced-stage GBC.     

细胞因子对T细胞生长激素基因表达的影响

目的 探讨各种细胞因子对T细胞生长激素（GH）基因表达的影响。方法 构建含人GH调控序列的荧光素酶报告基因质粒pGL2-GH-luc，然后转染入T淋巴细胞系Jurkat E6-1细胞中，在培养液中分别加入各种细胞因子。结果 生理浓度的IL－1β，TNF－β和IFN－γ，对Jurkat细胞中荧光素酶的表达具有抑制作用（P＜0．05）。结论 细胞因子参与了调节淋巴细胞GH基因的表达。     

Cooperative transformation of murine fibroblast NIH3T3 cells by hepatitis C virus core protein and hepatitis B virus X protein

Co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is associated with increased frequency in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we demonstrated that HBV X protein (HBx) and HCV core cooperate to transform mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells. They additively stimulated cell growth, especially in the absence of serum growth factors. In addition, co-expression of HBx and HCV core had additive effects on the induction of anchorage-independent cell growth as well as on the secretion of matrix metalloproteases, which may contribute to increased metastatic potential. Furthermore, the cells expressing both viral proteins exhibited higher tumorigenicity, as demonstrated in athymic nude mice.     

Impact of Dissection after Drug-Coated Balloon Treatment of De Novo Coronary Lesions: Angiographic and Clinical Outcomes

PurposeDissection after plain balloon angioplasty is required to achieve adequate luminal area; however, it is associated with a high risk of vascular events. This study aimed to examine the relationship between non-flow limiting coronary dissections and subsequent lumen loss and long-term clinical outcomes following successful drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment of de novo coronary lesions.Materials and MethodsA total of 227 patients with good distal flow (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow grade 3) following DCB treatment were retrospectively enrolled and stratified according to the presence or absence of a non-flow limiting dissection. The primary endpoint was late lumen loss (LLL) at 6-month angiography, and the secondary endpoint was target vessel failure (TVF, a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and target vessel thrombosis).ResultsThe cohort consisted of 95 patients with and 132 patients without a dissection. There were no between-group differences in LLL (90.8%) returning for angiography at 6 months (0.05±0.19 mm in non-dissection and 0.05±0.30 mm in dissection group, p=0.886) or in TVF (6.8% in non-dissection and 8.4% in dissection group, p=0.799) at a median follow-up of 3.4 years. In a multivariate analysis, the presence of dissection and its severity were not associated with LLL or TVF. Almost dissections (93.9%) were completely healed, and there was no newly developed dissection at 6-month angiography.ConclusionThe presence of a dissection following successful DCB treatment of a de novo coronary lesion may not be associated with an increased risk of LLL or TVF (Impact of Drug-coated Balloon Treatment in de Novo Coronary Lesion; {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT04619277","term_id":"NCT04619277"}}NCT04619277).     

Studies on the development of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) by monoclonal antibodies of different affinity constants

Mouse monoclonal antibodies to Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) were prepared and their functional capabilities tested by the method of solid phase enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA). HBsAg binding studies indicated that one monoclonal antibody 6E-1-1 bound more HBsAg at a faster rate than the other monoclonal antibodies. Also, for the binding inhibition studies with the selected monoclonal antibody 6E-1-1, one monoclonal antibody 8D-3-6 didn’t exhibit binding inhibition for HBsAg. Then, a simultaneous ELISA method was developed for the immunodiagnosis of HBsAg. Different combinations of two monoclonal antibodies as solid phase and horseradish peroxidase(HRPO) labeled phase were studied. The combination of monoclonal antibody of higher affinity constant (6E-1-1) immobilized in a solid phase and monoclonal antibody of lower affinity constant (8D-3-6) as a HRPO labeled phase was more sensitive when two monoclonal antibodies of different affinity constants for HBsAg were prepared.     

肾综合症出血热血清蛋白与肝肾功能及临床关系的研究

目的 了解肾综合症出血热（HFRS）各期血清蛋白的变化特点及其与肝、肾功能的关系。方法 采用瑞士产COBAS MIRA PLUS CC全血动生化分析仪及日本产MA－4210尿液分析仪分别检测同时的空腹静脉血及晨尿。结果 150例HFRS患者217次检测血清总蛋白（T）平均为63.51g/L,白蛋白（A）为36.29g/L,球蛋白（G）为27.22g/L,A/G=1.33。其中A／G为1.49-1.0者137例（63.3%）,A／G＜1.0者27例（12.44%）,A／G≥1.5者53例（24.42%）。结论 HFRS患者有75.58%存在着低白蛋白血症,并贯穿于各期,异常程度与病情轻重呈正相关,主要原因是肾脏损害,大量白蛋白从尿中丢失,与肝脏的合成功能关系不大。     

东方田鼠室内繁殖与生长发育观察

近年来,逐渐增多的小鼠突变系资源已对现有的动物设施和品种（系）的保存方法提出严峻的挑战,小鼠胚胎和配合子的低温保存是目前保存小鼠种群资源中应用最为广泛的方法,通过低温保存不仅使原有的或新开发的小鼠品系得以安全的,长期的保存下来,同时也使这些小 模型的规模化生产,推广普及变得更为简单化,无疑,小鼠模型的保存将为21世纪哺乳类遗传学的飞速发展和最终攻克人类目前的疑难疾病创造了有利条件。