VEGF基因体外转染大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的实验研究

目的:探讨脂质体介导血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)基因转染大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCS)应用于基因治疗的可行性、安全性。方法:体外分离、培养、鉴定MSCs,PcDNA3.1(-)/VEGF165质粒转染MSCs,转染后用免疫荧光和ELISA检测MSCs表达VEGF蛋白的情况,MTT检测MSCs对VEGF质粒转染的敏感性。结果:骨髓中分离得到MSCs,流式细胞检测显示MSCs不表达CD34和CD45,但表达CD90。透射电镜观察可见细胞浆中含大量粗面内质网和分泌颗粒。VEGF基因转染MSCs后第5天抗VEGF免疫荧光染色约90%的MSCs呈阳性,ELISA检测结果显示PcDNA3.1(-)/VEGF165质粒转染组细胞培养上清液中VEGF含量明显高于对照组,并于转染后第5天达到峰值。MTT检测结果显示VEGF质粒转染对MSCs增殖无影响。结论:MSC可作为VEGF基因转染的靶细胞用于基因治疗。     

Distraction vs remodeling surgery for craniosynostosis

Objects We designed several distraction devices and applied these instruments in 14 patients with varying types of craniosynostosis. The aim of this report is to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of these surgical methods and to discuss current concepts for the surgical strategy in the treatment of craniosynostosis. Methods From January 2000 to July 2005, 28 patients with craniosynostosis were retrospectively analyzed. Surgical treatment was performed on 14 patients using the distraction method with internal distraction devices that we designed, in which 5 patients had plagiocephaly, 3 brachycephaly, and 6 scaphocephaly. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative evaluations, which included the patient’s neurological state, and three-dimensional CT. Results With distraction devices, the time required for the surgery could be shortened almost 3 1/3 h; the bleeding during the surgery was decreased with reduced requirement of more than 200 ml of blood transfusion as compared with remodeling surgery. Postoperatively achieved distraction distances varied from 30.0 to 47.5 mm (mean, 42.99 mm). The average increased volume percent of cranium in distraction surgery group was 20.9% (range, −11.5 to 58.9%) after full distraction. Conclusion With distraction surgery, satisfactory cranial volume expansion and aesthetically pleasing morphological states were achieved in all cases, and the efficacy was statistically significantly high as compared with remodeling method.     

Akinetic Mutism and Cognitive-Affective Syndrome Caused by Unilateral PICA Infarction

A 42-year-old man with left posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) infarction presented with akinetic mutism and cognitive impairment. Initially he suffered from akinetic mutism and MRI-documented infarction in the distribution of the left PICA. Twelve days later he developed cognitive impairment. Neuropsychological tests were performed, with the results corrected for age and education being compared with published Korean norms. Impaired performances were evident on executive function testing, with difficulties in planning, abstract reasoning, set-shifting, and perseveration. Akinetic mutism and cognitive-affective syndrome may be a manifestation of unilateral PICA infarction.     

长、短链探针以链延伸反应提高基因传感器检测MRSA灵敏度的实验研究

目的：利用链延伸反应的原理延长引物链以提高石英谐振式基因传感器表面的质量负载，从而提高传感器检测MRSA的灵敏度。方法：以不对称PCR的反应产物做为长链探针，人工合成的寡核苷酸片段为短链探针，在基因传感器阵列表面分别固定上金黄色葡萄球菌mecA和femA的长链及短链探针共4种探针片段，与相应的靶序列杂交后，加入Klenow酶，37℃进行链延伸反应1h。结果：长、短链探针均有效地固定了传感器表面。mecA,femA短链探针在链延伸反应前的检测灵敏度为0.5nmol/L，但经链延伸反应后检测灵敏提高到了0.05nmol/L；而长链探针却无法与相应的基因组靶序列发生杂交。结论：短链探针链延伸反应有效地提高了石英谐振式基因传感器的灵敏度，但该法不适用于链探针。     

Treatment of singultus following craniocerebral injury★ Intranasal cavity drip infusion versus intramuscular injection of aminazine

BACKGROUND: Craniocerebral injury always accompanies with singultus, while frequent singultus may cause increased intracranial pressure. Simultaneously, respiratory alkalosis and cerebral hypoxia induced by respiratory disorder may aggravate craniocerebral injury. OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effects of intranasal cavity drip infusion of aminazine and intramuscular injection on singultus following craniocerebral injury. DESIGN: Contrast observation. SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 102 patients with singultus following craniocerebral injury were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital from June 2001 to June 2006. Patients with craniocerebral injury were diagnosed with CT examination and randomly divided into nasal cavity medication group (n =62) and intramuscular injection group (n =40). There were 44 males and 18 females in the nasal cavity medication group and their mean age was (33±4) years; while, there were 26 males and 14 females in the intramuscular injection group and their mean age was (29±4) years. All patients and their relatives provided the confirmed consent. METHODS: Patients in the nasal cavity medication group were slowly dripped aminazine solution into bilateral nasal cavity with the dosage of 12.5 mg (0.5 mL). Patients who had no obvious effect or had mild improvement received the treatment once every 6 hours. The treatment was stopped if symptoms were also observed after the fifth medication. In addition, patients in the intramuscular injection group received intramuscular injection of 50 mg aminazine. Patients who had no obvious effect or had mild improvement received the treatment once every 6 hours. The treatment was changed if symptoms were also observed after the fifth medication. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Therapeutic effects of different medications in the two groups. RESULTS: All 102 patients were involved in the final analysis. Effective rate in the nasal cavity medication group was higher than that in the intramuscular injection group, and there was significant difference (χ2= 11.882, P < 0.01). At 6 hours after onset of singultus, effective rate in the nasal cavity medication group was higher than that in the intramuscular injection group, and there was significant difference (χ2 =8.188, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Therapeutic effects of intranasal cavity drip infusion of aminazine on singultus following craniocerebral injury are superior to those of intramuscular injection.     

大鼠体外循环模型的建立与应用

由于操作简便、节省人力物力，大鼠体外循环模型的应用愈加广泛。大鼠在小型呼吸机辅助下，应用颈静脉插管入右心房引流血液至贮血瓶，在蠕动移液泵作用下，经膜式氧合器氧合、变温器变温，通过股动脉或尾动脉插管注入动脉系统，建立体外循环回路。有血预充、减少总预充量和维持足够的转流流量是建立大鼠体外循环模型的关键。     

高分辨MRI对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块成分显示的病理对照研究

目的分析和评价高分辨MRI对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块不同成分的显示效果,为颈动脉内膜切除术术前判断斑块稳定性提供参考。方法对26例行颈动脉内膜切除术的颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者术前高分辨MRI 4种不同序列的影像(T1WI、T2WI、PDWI和3D TOF)与斑块标本病理进行逐层对照,分析斑块内不同成分的MRI影像特点。结果获得斑块28块,切为238段,主要分布于颈总动脉和颈内动脉,以复杂斑块为特征的Ⅳ～Ⅴ型58段(24.37%)和Ⅵ型79段(33.19%)为主;斑块内纤维帽主要表现为TOF序列的带状低信号,钙化和纤维化组织分别表现为在各序列影像上的不规则低信号和不特定信号,脂质池和坏死核呈T1WI、PDWI和3D TOF序列的等至稍高信号,近期出血表现为T1WI、T2WI和PDWI序列的明显高信号。结论高分辨MRI不仅可以清晰显示动脉粥样硬化斑块,进行动脉管腔狭窄程度的测定,通过多序列影像联合分析还可以分辨斑块内部不同成分,有助于术前对斑块稳定性的判断。     

撬拨复位植骨椎弓根螺钉固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

[目的]椎体撬拨植骨成形加椎弓根螺钉固定治疗早期胸腰椎爆裂性骨折,预防术后形成“空心椎”引起的钉松动、断钉及伤椎再塌陷、后凸畸形等并发症。[方法及结果]收治胸腰椎爆裂性骨折患者28例,行椎弓根螺钉内固定后,用神经根探子撬拨压缩下陷的伤椎上终板和前中柱,使之复位,经伤椎通过椎弓根植骨成形。术后随访6~18个月,全部获得骨性愈合(100%)。脊柱后凸Cobb's角度术前平均23.6°(n=23)矫正至术后平均4.4°(n=23),随访角度5.3°;椎体前缘高度压缩比由术前平均45%恢复至术后97%,随访时95%;伤椎椎管内矢状径术前平均7.6 mm,术后17.5 mm,随访矢状径17.1 mm,无明显狭窄。无内固定松动、断裂或弯曲。[结论]椎体撬拨植骨成形加椎弓根螺钉固定治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折,手术安全性高,经植骨均获得骨性愈合,恢复了伤椎的强度和刚度,减少了内固定的应力,防止后凸畸形,降低并发症出现。     

Loss of cables, a novel gene on chromosome 18q, in ovarian cancer.

Cables, a cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) interacting protein, has recently been identified and mapped to human chromosome 18q11. Cables appears to be primarily involved in cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation. Overexpression of Cables in Hela and other cell lines inhibits cell proliferation and tumor formation. We hypothesize that loss of Cables expression is associated with ovarian cancer. To test our hypothesis, we examined Cables expression in the four most common subtypes of ovarian carcinomas: serous, endometrioid, mucinous, and clear cell. In addition, mucinous and serous borderline tumors were also included. Loss of Cables expression was observed at high frequency in ovarian serous (11 of 14 cases, 79%) and endometrioid (5 of 10 cases, 50%) carcinomas. In contrast, strong Cables staining was detected in all clear cell carcinomas (10 cases) and mucinous tumors (5 carcinomas and 5 borderline tumors). The majority of serous borderline tumors (11 of 14 cases, 79%) showed positive Cables staining, with the rest showing focal loss of Cables expression. Furthermore, RT-PCR revealed the lack of Cables mRNA in a human ovarian cancer xenograft. No correlation was noted between loss of Cables and histologic grade, tumor stage, and survival. In conclusion, our results indicate that loss of Cables is common in ovarian serous and endometrioid carcinomas and imply that Cables may be involved in the pathogenesis of these two types of ovarian carcinomas.     

颞叶癫痫大鼠海马CA1区Sema3C、Np1的表达变化研究

目的探讨颞叶癫痫的发病机制。方法取健康雄性SD大鼠制成颞叶癫痫模型，用免疫组织化学和原位杂交技术对匹罗卡品致痫后不同时间点CA1区的Sema3C mRNA、Np1 mRNA和蛋白表达进行分析。结果在匹罗卡品致痫后7d，实验组CA1区Sema3C、Np1的表达明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论CA1区Sema3C、Np1的表达下凋可能参与了海马CA1区内的轴突出芽机制。