全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2102篇 |
免费 | 101篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 22篇 |
儿科学 | 34篇 |
妇产科学 | 97篇 |
基础医学 | 181篇 |
口腔科学 | 21篇 |
临床医学 | 166篇 |
内科学 | 503篇 |
皮肤病学 | 20篇 |
神经病学 | 237篇 |
特种医学 | 76篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 302篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 102篇 |
眼科学 | 16篇 |
药学 | 236篇 |
中国医学 | 5篇 |
肿瘤学 | 187篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 40篇 |
2021年 | 36篇 |
2020年 | 22篇 |
2019年 | 40篇 |
2018年 | 45篇 |
2017年 | 38篇 |
2016年 | 42篇 |
2015年 | 45篇 |
2014年 | 61篇 |
2013年 | 81篇 |
2012年 | 132篇 |
2011年 | 138篇 |
2010年 | 82篇 |
2009年 | 79篇 |
2008年 | 157篇 |
2007年 | 150篇 |
2006年 | 135篇 |
2005年 | 142篇 |
2004年 | 148篇 |
2003年 | 136篇 |
2002年 | 106篇 |
2001年 | 33篇 |
2000年 | 33篇 |
1999年 | 22篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 23篇 |
1996年 | 18篇 |
1995年 | 10篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 17篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1933年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2208条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
José María Molero David Pérez Morales Francisco José Brenes Bermúdez Esperanza Naval Pulido Antonio Fernández-Pro Juan Antonio Martín Jesús Castiñeiras Fernández José Manuel Cozar Olmo 《Atencion primaria / Sociedad Espa?ola de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria》2010,42(1):36-46
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a high prevalence condition in men over 50 years that requires continued assistance between primary care and urology. Therefore, consensus around common referral criteria was needed to guide and support both levels. Medical history, symptom assessment with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire, digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement are diagnostic tests available for general practitioners that allow setting a correct BPH diagnose. Patients with an IPSS<8 should be monitored by evaluating them annually. Treatment with α-blockers and an evaluation at the first and third month is recommended in patients with an IPSS 8-20 and if the prostate is small, if the prostate size is large treatment with α-blockers or 5α-reductase inhibitors and evaluation at the third and six month is recommended, and in patients with a large prostate and a PSA >1.5 ng/ml combined treatment and evaluation at the first and sixth month is recommended. Some clear criteria for referral to urology are established in this document, which help in the management of these patients. Those patients with BPH who do not show any improvement at the third month of treatment with α-blockers, or the sixth month with 5α-reductase inhibitors, will be referred to urology. Patients will also be referred to urology if they have lower urinary tract symptoms, a pathological finding during rectal examination, IPSS>20, PSA>10 ng/ml or PSA>4 ng/ml and free PSA<20% or if they are <50 years with suspected BHP, or if they have any urological complication. 相似文献
92.
Herbert Leonel de Matos Guedes Roberta Olmo Pinheiro Suzana Passos Chaves Salvatore Giovanni De-Simone Bartira Rossi-Bergmann 《Vaccine》2010
We previously demonstrated that intradermal and intramuscular vaccination with Leishmania amazonensis promastigote antigens (LaAg) increases the susceptibility of BALB/c mice to cutaneous leishmaniasis. In this study, we investigated the role played by serine and cysteine proteases as disease-promoting components of LaAg. Mice were immunized by the intramuscular route with LaAg that was pre-treated with a pool of serine or cysteine protease inhibitors (SPi and CPi, respectively) prior to infection with L. amazonensis. Neutralization of either enzyme type reversed the disease-promoting effect of LaAg, as seen by the slower lesion development. However, the parasite burden was only effectively controlled in mice receiving SPi-treated LaAg. Protection was associated with diminished production of TGF-β and particularly IL-10 in response to parasite antigens by the lesion-draining lymph node cells of vaccinated mice relative to control. In vitro, soluble proteases isolated from LaAg (LaSP-Sol) directly activated IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β production by immune cells. Like native LaAg, vaccination with LaSP-Sol primed mice to respond to parasite challenge with a strong Jones-Mote cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction, and increased susceptibility to infection. Furthermore, neutralization of serine but not cysteine proteases blocked the capacity of LaAg to sensitize mice for Jones-Mote reaction. Together, these results indicate that soluble serine proteases are key components of LaAg responsible for its disease-promoting immunity. 相似文献
93.
94.
95.
Carlo Barone Michele Basso Giovanni Schinzari Carmelo Pozzo Nunziatina Trigila Ettore D'Argento Michela Quirino Antonio Astone Alessandra Cassano 《Gastric cancer》2007,10(2):104-111
Background In advanced gastric cancer few data are available on the efficacy or safety of new drug combination regimens after progression
following first-line chemotherapy.
Methods Patients with histologically confirmed advanced gastric cancer and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status
(PS) less than 2, progressing after first-line chemotherapy, were eligible. Patients were treated with docetaxel 75 mg/m2 on day 1 and oxaliplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 2, every 3 weeks, until progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Results Between May 2002 and April 2005, 38 patients were enrolled. Men accounted for 73.7% of the patients and the median age was
59 years. The primary tumor was not resected in 47.4% of the patients; the peritoneum was the most frequent metastatic site
(60.5%). The first-line treatment was cisplatin, epirubicin, and infusional 5-fluorouracil (ECF) in 81.5% of the patients
and cisplatin and infusional 5-fluorouracil (CF) in 15.7%. The median number of cycles was 4.3. The treatment was well tolerated,
with no toxic deaths. National Cancer Institute (NCI) grade III-IV neutropenia was frequent (26.3%), but no febrile neutropenia
was reported. Severe asthenia (15.7%) and severe nausea (15.7%) required dose reductions in 2 patients and treatment discontinuation
in another. The overall response rate was 10.5%, and 18 patients (47.3%) experienced disease stabilization (7 of them with
significant clinical benefit). Median time to progression was 4.0 months (range, 2–8 months) and median overall survival was
8.1 months (range, 3–26 months). Thirteen patients (34.2%) also received third-line chemotherapy, with an irinotecan-containing
regimen, and their median overall survival was higher than that of the other patients (16.3 vs 6.0 months)
Conclusion The combination of oxaliplatin and docetaxel shows only marginal activity as second-line treatment, but it has a good tolerability
profile. This suggests that there is room for optimizing the schedule as well as for planning sequential treatments in gastric
cancer. 相似文献
96.
Alejandro Higuera-Matas María Luisa Soto-Montenegro Nuria del Olmo Miguel Miguéns Isabel Torres Juan José Vaquero Javier Sánchez Carmen García-Lecumberri Manuel Desco Emilio Ambrosio 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2008,33(4):806-813
Marijuana consumption during adolescence has been proposed to be a stepping-stone for adult cocaine addiction. However, experimental evidence for this hypothesis is missing. In this work we chronically injected male and female Wistar rats with either the cannabinoid agonist CP 55,940 (CP; 0.4 mg/kg) or its corresponding vehicle. Adult acquisition (seven 30 min daily sessions) and maintenance (fourteen 2 h daily sessions) of cocaine self-administration (1 mg/kg), food-reinforced operant learning under conditions of normal (ad libitum access to food), and high motivation (food-restriction schedule) were measured. Additionally, brain metabolic activity was analyzed by means of [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. During the acquisition phase, female CP-treated rats showed a higher rate of cocaine self-administration as compared to vehicle-treated females and males; no differences were found between both male groups. This effect disappeared in the maintenance phase. Moreover, no differences among groups were evident in the food-reinforced operant task, pointing to the cocaine-specific nature of the effect seen in self-administration rather than a general change in reward processing. Basal brain metabolic activity also changed in CP-treated females when compared to their vehicle-treated counterparts with no differences being found in the males; more specifically we observed a hyper activation of the frontal cortex and a hypo activation of the amygdalo-entorhinal cortex. Our results suggest that a chronic exposure to cannabinoids during adolescence alters the susceptibility to acquire cocaine self-administration, in a sex-specific fashion. This increased susceptibility could be related to the changes in brain metabolic activity induced by cannabinoids during adolescence. 相似文献
97.
Valentina S Barbiero Roberto Giambelli Laura Musazzi Ettore Tiraboschi Daniela Tardito Jorge Perez Filippo Drago Giorgio Racagni Maurizio Popoli 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2007,32(12):2511-2519
Changes in synaptic plasticity are involved in pathophysiology of depression and in the mechanism of antidepressants. Ca(2+)/calmodulin (CaM) kinase II, a protein kinase involved in synaptic plasticity, has been previously shown to be a target of antidepressants. We previously found that antidepressants activate the kinase in hippocampal neuronal cell bodies by increasing phosphorylation at Thr(286), reduce the kinase phosphorylation in synaptic membranes, and in turn its phosphorylation-dependent interaction with syntaxin-1 and the release of glutamate from hippocampal synaptosomes. Here, we investigated the chronic effect of different antidepressants (fluoxetine, desipramine, and reboxetine) on the expression and function of the kinase in distinct subcellular compartments in order to dissect the different kinase pools affected. Acute treatments did not induce any change in the kinase. In total tissue extracts chronic drug treatments induced activation of the kinase; in hippocampus (HC), but not in prefrontal/frontal cortex, this was partially accounted for by increased Thr(286) phosphorylation, suggesting the involvement of different mechanisms of activation. In synaptosomes, all drugs reduced the kinase phosphorylation, particularly in HC where, upon fractionation of the synaptosomal particulate into synaptic vesicles and membranes, we found that the drugs induced a redistribution and differential activation of the kinase between membranes and vesicles. Furthermore, a large decrease in the level and phosphorylation of synapsin I located at synaptic membranes was consistent with the observed decrease of CaM kinase II. Overall, antidepressants induce a complex pattern of modifications in distinct subcellular compartments; at presynaptic level, these changes are in line with a dampening of glutamate release. 相似文献
98.
J Santini C Serra F Ettore O Dassonville F Demard 《Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale》1991,92(3):179-182
Postirradiation sarcoma of the head and neck has rarely been reported. A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (M.F.H.) occurring in the mandible is presented. Head and neck region was previously irradiated for Hodgkin's disease. The interval from initial radiation to diagnosis of sarcoma was 10 years. Aggressive treatment with early radical excision is the treatment of choice. In spite of extensive surgery, the patient died one year after treatment with local recurrence. 相似文献
99.
Anorectal malformations and Down's syndrome 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
100.