123I-amphetamine-SPECT in classical migraine and migraine accompagnée

Migraine is considered to be a functional neurological disorder. In classical migraine (headache associated with prodromal visual field disturbances) and migraine accompagnée (headache associated with transient neurological symptoms), disturbances of cerebral blood flow and amine metabolism are thought to be pathogenetic factors. However, conventional methods of neuroimaging (CAT, NMR) usually do not yield any pathological findings in patients. Since 123I-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) crosses the intact blood brain barrier, 123I-IMP-SPECT is used for the assessment of cerebral perfusion in various neurological diseases, including functional disorders. 123I-IMP-SPECT was performed on 5 patients with classical migraine and 18 patients with migraine accompagnée. At the time of investigation, all patients were symptom-free. Cerebral blood flow was decreased in all patients with migraine accompagnée, and often corresponded to the site of headache as well as to the topography of transient neurological symptoms. This reduction was most obvious in a patient with persisting neurological symptoms. Most patients with classical migraine, however, did not show any alteration of cerebral perfusion. It appears that migraine--and in particular migraine accompagnée--is characterized by a permanent alteration not only of cerebral blood flow but also of neuronal activity. Migraine attacks may occur in connection with exacerbations of preexisting metabolic alterations.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bcl11b</Emphasis>mutations identified in murine lymphomas increase the proliferation rate of hematopoietic progenitor cells

Background  

The telomeric region of mouse chromosome 12 has previously shown frequent allelic loss in murine lymphoma. The Bcl11b gene has been identified and suggested as a candidate tumor suppressor gene within this region. In this study, we aimed to elucidate whether Bcl11b is mutated in lymphomas with allelic loss, and whether the mutations we detected conferred any effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis.     

Ergebnisse der operativen Behandlung des idiopathischen Klumpfußes unter Verwendung eines dorsomedialen Zugangs mit Weichteilpräparation „à la carte“

ZusammenfassungEinleitung In unserer Klinik wird seit über 30 Jahren die operative Behandlung von Klumpfüßen über einen dorsomedialen Zugang durchgeführt. Postoperativ erfolgt zunächst eine Gipsbehandlung, dann eine konsequente Nachbehandlung mit Orthesen und Winkeleinlagen.Material und Methode Zwischen dem 1. 6. 1986 und dem 31. 12. 2000 wurden 130 primäre Klumpfußweichteiloperationen bei 86 Patienten durchgeführt. 119 (92%) Füße konnten nach durchschnittlich 4,5 Jahren klinisch-radiologisch nachuntersucht werden. Das durchschnittliche Alter bei der Operation betrug 7,6 Monate. Klassifikation nach Dimeglio und Score nach Laaveg und Ponseti dienten zur Beurteilung. Die gemessenen Winkel in den belasteten Röntgenbildern des Fußes a.p. und seitlich prä- und postoperativ wurden verglichen, Komplikationen und Rezidive dokumentiert.Ergebnisse 29 (22,3%) Füße wiesen einen Schweregrad IV nach Dimeglio, 58 (44,6%) Grad III und 43 (33,1%) Grad II auf. Ein Klumpfußrezidiv war bei 9 (7,6%) Fällen zu beobachten. Alle Winkel verbesserten sich signifikant. Bei der Nachuntersuchung wurden durchschnittlich 95,4±9,2 Punkte nach dem Score von Laaveg und Ponseti erzielt.Schlussfolgerung Der von uns verwendete dorsomediale Zugangsweg erlaubt eine ausgezeichnete Klumpfußkorrektur mit geringer Rezidiv- und Komplikationsrate.     

Arthroscopic treatment of lateral epicondylitis: Indication, technique and early results

The purpose of this study is to present the results of the arthroscopic treatment of lateral epicondylitis. Twenty patients with lateral epicondylitis (mean age 42 years) were treated arthroscopically. The average duration of symptoms prior to surgery was 14 months. The arthroscopic joint inspection showed an intact capsule in seven patients (type-I lesion), in eight patients a linear capsule tear (type-II lesion) and in six patients a complete rupture of the capsule (type-III lesion). An associated intraarticular pathology was documented in eight patients. Within an average follow-up period of 1.8 years, local pain and function were documented and analyzed. Subjective pain at rest was reduced from 5.0 to 0.5 points, pain at daily living activities from 6.0 to 1.0 points and pain at athletic activities from 7.3 to 1.2 points in the VAS score. Function increased from 5.2 to an average value of 10.9 (max. 12 points). Patients returned back to work after 3.2 weeks. In conclusion, the arthroscopic release in patients with radial epicondylitis is a reproducible method with a marked postoperative increase in function within a short rehabilitation period.     

Totale mesometriale Resektion

Abdominal radical hysterectomy (Wertheim operation), currently the standard surgical treatment for cervical carcinoma, is based on historical ideas of the female pelvic anatomy and of locoregional tumor spread. Total mesometrial resection (TMMR) uses new insights derived from developmental biology for a new oncological concept of radicality, i.e. resection of a malignant tumor within the borders of the morphogenetic unit of its origin. The morphogenetic uterovaginal unit that relates to the local spread of cervical carcinoma can be deduced from the embryological and fetal development. Anatomical structures that do not belong to this tissue unit can be left in situ despite close proximity to the tumor. When combined with nerve-sparing therapeutic lymph node dissection, TMMR yields a high locoregional control rate without adjuvant radiotherapy and with relatively little treatment-related morbidity.     

Dynamics of lipid adsorption at the electrified water∣1,2-dichloroethane interface

A recently introduced setup to measure the dynamic interfacial tension of expanding drops was used to compare the adsorption behaviour of a series of lipids at the electrified water∣dichloroethane interface. Phospholipids with saturated carbon chains of different length (DMPC, DPPC, DSPC, DAPC, DBPC), an unsaturated phospholipid (DOPC) and an ethanolamine (DSPE) were compared. It was found that the adsorption decreases with increasing chain length. Also, the increase of the flow rate reduces the degree of adsorption effectively. On the timescale of the experiments, the DSPE, DAPC and DBPC adsorption showed no potential dependence, whereas the adsorption of DOPC was stronger than that of the saturated lipids. Adsorption was modelled using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm; the potential dependence of adsorption is discussed.