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Human Aldehyde Dehydrogenase: Kinetic Identification of the Isozyme for Which Biogenic Aldehydes and Acetaldehyde Compete 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alexander D. MacKerell Jr PhD Erich E. Blatter BS Regina Pietruszko PhD 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》1986,10(3):266-270
Michaelis constants and maximal velocities for phenylacetaldehyde (a metabolite of phenylethylamine), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (a metabolite of dopamine), 5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde (a metabolite of serotonin), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde (a metabolite of epinephrine and norepinephrine) have been determined for both cytoplasmic (E1) and mitochondrial (E2) isozymes of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3). Kinetic constants with biogenic aldehydes have never been previously determined for individual homogeneous isozymes of aldehyde dehydrogenase from any species. Mathematical treatment of these constants suggests that competition with acetaldehyde during alcohol metabolism would severely inhibit dehydrogenation of biogenic aldehydes with the mitochondrial and not the cytoplasmic isozyme of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase. 相似文献
24.
F Schr?der F Poley 《Zeitschrift für die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete》1988,43(7):191-192
In the fine needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid gland by the moistening of cannule and syringe with heparin or citric sodium rather disadvantages for the evaluation are the result. Artificial changes are most clearly to be seen in heparin. ACD-buffer does indeed not bring about any artefacts, does, however, also not show any provable advantages. In the fine needle biopsy the additives mentioned are entirely avoidable. 相似文献
25.
Aripiprazole augmentation in treatment-resistant depression. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
BACKGROUND: Evidence is accumulating to support the use of atypical neuroleptics as adjunctive treatment for refractory mood disorders, although there are currently no published data on the efficacy of an atypical neuroleptic in treatment-resistant depression when a previous trial of drug from the same class has failed. The authors hypothesized that aripiprazole would be efficacious in augmenting antidepressant treatment in resistant patients with non-psychotic unipolar depression who had previously failed a trial of another atypical neuroleptic. METHODS: This study was a retrospective chart review of the efficacy of aripiprazole augmentation in 30 treatment-resistant unipolar depression patients who had failed multiple previous antidepressant trials and had also failed augmentation with at least one other atypical neuroleptic. Prospective Global Assessment of Functioning and Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scores were completed on each patient throughout treatment. RESULTS: Utilizing an intent-to-treat analysis (including 9 patients who dropped out prior to completion of 6 weeks), 46.7% (14/30) patients were rated much improved or very much improved with treatment. This improvement negatively correlated with Thase-Rush staging of treatment resistance. GAF scores also showed a significant improvement. Six of the 14 patients who initially improved subsequently relapsed (yielding a long-term net response rate of 26.7%). CONCLUSION: Aripiprazole may be effective as an antidepressant augmentation agent in highly treatment resistant patients who had failed a prior trial of another atypical neuroleptic. 相似文献
26.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new modality of cancer treatment. It is based on the use of photosensitizing agents and laser light which interact and produce singlet oxygen. This toxic compound destroys malignant tumours while healthy tissue remains intact. The present paper reviews the method of PDT and its possible clinical applications. 相似文献
27.
D Fischer H Zschoch F Schr?der J Kache 《Zeitschrift für die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete》1987,42(12):325-328
The first prospective investigation of thyroid weights of over 20 years old adults in the GDR is presented. The material is based on autopsy findings from the Brandenburg area before using salt with iodine. Judging by the results this area appears as an endemiological one. Relationships to iodine content of drinking water, comparisons with autopsy statistics of other countries, and the role of regional epidemiological differences are pointed out. The importance of the investigation for patients care and the possibility of controlling the effect of using salt with iodine is underlined. The examination of relations between thyroid weight and anthropometric data showed no additional results. 相似文献
28.
P Bartz-Bazzanella E Genth H J Pollmann J M Schr?der A V?lker 《Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie》1992,51(1):3-13
We describe a 53-year-old women with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome who suddenly developed severe persistent myalgias of her arms, legs, back, and shoulder after a 5-month period of daily L-tryptophan ingestion, associated with fever, progressive stenocardia and left-sided congestive heart failure. Laboratory tests showed a leukocytosis of 11.2/nl with 3.14/nl eosinophils and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. There was a marked, predominantly proximal sclerosis of her arms, legs and trunk with a brownish discoloration. The skin of her arms and legs appeared dimpled (peau d'orange). Findings of the electrophysiological examinations were consistent with sensory neuropathy and myositis. Remarkable fasciitis and interstitial myositis were present in a biopsy specimen (from skin to muscle) taken from her thigh. However, eosinophilic infiltrates were rare. Angiography revealed an apical obstructive cardiomyopathy. In this paper, we describe the clinical findings, the course over 2 years, as well as the therapeutic management. Furthermore, the most important differential diagnoses are discussed and the literature is reviewed with special attention given to more recent pathogenic insights into this newly recognized multisystem disease. 相似文献
29.
This study was initiated in 1986 in response to increased interest in restorative procedures favoring preservation of tooth substance and in the search for alternatives to dental amalgams. Eighty-seven preventive resin restorations in permanent molars and 35 occlusal composite resin restorations in primary molars (limited size) and 13 in premolars were followed up for 2 years. They were placed by a large number of operators, mainly dental students under supervision, and rated by five calibrated instructors in accordance with an internationally accepted system for the evaluation of the clinical performance of dental materials. One composite resin (Occlusin) was used. A survival model was used to calculate the cumulative theoretical number of successful treatments of children who had dropped out. For none of the 6 clinical variables was the success rate lower than 91%, and only 3 of 26 failures were of a nature requiring remake or correction. The failures occurred, with a few exceptions, during the 1st year of observation. The two types of restoration have thus proved to be efficient treatments fulfilling all reasonable requirements in modern operative dentistry. 相似文献
30.
Ulrike Lueken Ulrich Seidl Lena V?lker Elisabeth Schweiger Andreas Kruse Johannes Schr?der 《The American journal of geriatric psychiatry》2007,15(5):376-385
OBJECTIVE: Apathy is among the most frequent neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia, particularly Alzheimer disease. The Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) has been widely employed for assessing apathy in different patient groups. To further facilitate the usage of the AES, an abbreviated version was constructed. METHOD: On basis of a sample of 356 nursing home residents, a cross-validation procedure was carried out to develop a brief version of the AES. According to a thorough clinical examination, 85% of the residents were demented, 8% presented with mild cognitive impairment, whereas 7% did not present any cognitive deficits. After subdividing the patient group into two matched samples, the first subsample was used to identify problematic items due to defined psychometric and content-related criteria. The original 18-item scale was thus reduced to 10 items. Psychometric properties of the shortened version were subsequently reassessed in the second subsample. RESULTS: The short version demonstrated favorable psychometric properties that could be confirmed by cross-validation with the second sample. Correlations with the original full-length version were high (r = 0.97 for both subsamples); the shortened scale yielded no substantial losses regarding internal consistency or construct validity (correlations with the respective subscales of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory). CONCLUSION: The frequency of apathetic symptoms in the nursing home residents included confirms the clinical importance of apathy for understanding dementia. Given this specific patient population, setting, and mode of data collection, the short-version AES seems to be a valuable and time-efficient instrument for assessing apathy. 相似文献