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21.
Harinakshi Sanikini David C. Muller Marisa Sophiea Sabina Rinaldi Antonio Agudo Eric J. Duell Elisabete Weiderpass Kim Overvad Anne Tjønneland Jytte Halkjær Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Franck Carbonnel Iris Cervenka Heiner Boeing Rudolf Kaaks Tilman Kühn Antonia Trichopoulou Georgia Martimianaki Anna Karakatsani Valeria Pala Domenico Palli Amalia Mattiello Rosario Tumino Carlotta Sacerdote Guri Skeie Charlotta Rylander María-Dolores Chirlaque López Maria-Jose Sánchez Eva Ardanaz Sara Regnér Tanja Stocks Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Roel C.H. Vermeulen Dagfinn Aune Tammy Y.N. Tong Nathalie Kliemann Neil Murphy Marc Chadeau-Hyam Marc J. Gunter Amanda J. Cross 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(4):929-942
Obesity has been associated with upper gastrointestinal cancers; however, there are limited prospective data on associations by subtype/subsite. Obesity can impact hormonal factors, which have been hypothesized to play a role in these cancers. We investigated anthropometric and reproductive factors in relation to esophageal and gastric cancer by subtype and subsite for 476,160 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox models. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 220 esophageal adenocarcinomas (EA), 195 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 243 gastric cardia (GC) and 373 gastric noncardia (GNC) cancers were diagnosed. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with EA in men (BMI ≥30 vs. 18.5–25 kg/m2: HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.25–3.03) and women (HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.15–6.19); however, adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) attenuated these associations. After mutual adjustment for BMI and HC, respectively, WHR and waist circumference (WC) were associated with EA in men (HR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.99–6.06 for WHR >0.96 vs. <0.91; HR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.52–4.72 for WC >98 vs. <90 cm) and women (HR = 4.40, 95% CI: 1.35–14.33 for WHR >0.82 vs. <0.76; HR = 5.67, 95% CI: 1.76–18.26 for WC >84 vs. <74 cm). WHR was also positively associated with GC in women, and WC was positively associated with GC in men. Inverse associations were observed between parity and EA (HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.14–0.99; >2 vs. 0) and age at first pregnancy and GNC (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32–0.91; >26 vs. <22 years); whereas bilateral ovariectomy was positively associated with GNC (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.04–3.36). These findings support a role for hormonal pathways in upper gastrointestinal cancers. 相似文献
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Mhd Wasem Alsabbagh Dana Church Lisa Wenger John Papastergiou Lalitha Raman-Wilms Eric Schneider Nancy Waite 《Research in social & administrative pharmacy》2019,15(2):202-206
Background
One approach to boost influenza vaccination coverage has been to expand immunization authority. In 2012, the province of Ontario gave community pharmacists the authority to administer the influenza vaccine.Objective
This study investigates the perspectives of Ontario pharmacy patrons, who had not recently received this vaccine from a pharmacist, regarding this pharmacist service.Methods
A survey was administered in six Ontario community pharmacies to pharmacy patrons who had not received an influenza vaccination from a pharmacist during the previous year. The instrument included questions about influenza vaccination, and knowledge of and attitudes toward vaccines and pharmacist-administered immunization.Results
A total of 541 pharmacy patrons completed the survey (53.9% response rate). About one-third (30.5%) of respondents were not aware that pharmacists could give the influenza vaccine, with younger individuals being less likely to be aware (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29–0.77, p?<?0.05) and less likely to receive the vaccine annually (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.19–0.42, p?<?0.05). Leading reasons respondents gave as to why they did not receive their influenza vaccine from a pharmacist included not wanting or feeling they needed to be immunized (41.6%) and being used to receiving the vaccine from a physician (16.5%). Concerns about the experience and training of pharmacists and lack of privacy in a community pharmacy were uncommon.Conclusion
Reduced awareness of the availability of pharmacist-provided influenza vaccine is still common. Pharmacists have a significant opportunity to address lack of awareness and vaccine hesitancy issues. They can promote this service to increase influenza vaccination rates among pharmacy patrons who do not utilize this professional service. 相似文献25.
Jennifer J. Schoch Reesa L. Monir Kerrie G. Satcher Jessica Harris Eric Triplett Josef Neu 《Pediatric dermatology》2019,36(5):574-580
Recent focus on the neonatal intestinal microbiome has advanced our knowledge of the complex interplay between the intestinal barrier, the developing immune system, and commensal and pathogenic organisms. Despite the parallel role of the infant skin in serving as both a barrier and an interface for priming the immune system, large gaps exist in our understanding of the infantile cutaneous microbiome. The skin microbiome changes and matures throughout infancy, becoming more diverse and developing the site specificity known to exist in adults. Delivery method initially determines the composition of the cutaneous microbiome, though this impact appears transient. Cutaneous microbes play a critical role in immune system development, particularly during the neonatal period, and microbes and immune cells have closely intertwined, reciprocal effects. The unique structure of newborn skin influences cutaneous microbial colonization and the development of dermatologic pathology. The development of the infantile skin barrier and cutaneous microbiome contributes to future skin pathology. Atopic dermatitis flares and seborrheic dermatitis have been linked to dysbiosis, while erythema toxicum neonatorum is an immune response to the establishment of normal bacterial skin flora. Physicians who care for infants should be aware of the impact of the infantile skin microbiome and its role in the development of pathology. A better understanding of the origin and evolution of the skin microbiome will lead to more effective prevention and treatment of pediatric skin disease. 相似文献
26.
Matthew D. Li Katrina F. Chu Allegra DePietro Vincent Wu Eric Wehrenberg-Klee Omar Zurkiya Raymond W. Liu Suvranu Ganguli 《Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR》2019,30(3):314-319
Purpose
To evaluate the feasibility of a same-day yttrium-90 (90Y) radioembolization protocol with resin microspheres (including pretreatment angiography, lung shunt fraction [LSF] determination, and radioembolization) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastases.Materials and Methods
All same-day radioembolization procedures performed over 1 y (February 2017 to January 2018) were included in this single-institutional retrospective analysis, in which 34 procedures were performed in 26 patients (median age, 63 y; 13 women), 19 with liver metastases and 7 with HCC. Yttrium-90 treatment activities were calculated by body surface area method. Tumor imaging response was assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 for liver metastases and modified RECIST for HCC. Clinical side effects and adverse events were graded per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0.Results
All planned cases were technically successful, and no cases were canceled for elevated LSF or vascular anatomic reasons. Pretreatment angiography modified the planned 90Y treatment activity in 1 case in which vascular anatomy required a lobar-dose split into 2 for segmental infusions. In 18% of cases, patients were briefly admitted after the procedure for observation or symptom management. Imaging evaluation of initial efficacy at 1 month demonstrated partial response in 25% and stable disease in 67% of patients with liver metastases and partial/complete response in 43% and stable disease in 14% of patients with HCC. Grade ≥ 3 adverse events occurred in 6% of cases, with no systemic therapy–limiting toxicities. The mean total procedure time was 4.2 hours.Conclusions
A same-day 90Y radioembolization protocol with resin microspheres is feasible in select patients, which can expedite cancer therapy. 相似文献27.
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To reduce racial and ethnic disparities in health care, managers, policy makers, and researchers need valid and reliable data on the race and ethnicity of individuals and populations. The federal government is one of the most important sources of such data. In this paper we review the strengths and weaknesses of federal data that pertain to racial and ethnic disparities in health care. We describe recent developments that are likely to influence how these data can be used in the future and discuss how local programs could make use of these data. 相似文献
30.
Rodolphe Korichi Sophie Mac-Mary Ahmed Elkhyat Jean-Marie Sainthillier Pascal Ränsch Philippe Humbert Eric Viviant Germaine Gazano Christian Mahé 《Skin research and technology》2006,12(3):206-210
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The purpose of this work was to develop a new sensor for objective in vivo measurement of the cutaneous temperature based on micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), and to compare these performances with those of a classical thermocouple. Research on this new sensor was carried out to allow the quantification of the thermal properties of the made-up skin. METHODS: Sixteen female subjects divided into two different age groups (18-35 and >50 years old) were recruited for this study. Several zones of the face and forearms were made up at random with foundations containing or not a thermoregulator raw material. The quantity of foundation applied on the skin was standardized and measurements were carried out first before make-up, and then 10 s and 5 min after make-up. The new sensor and the thermocouple were used successively on each zone. The cutaneous temperature was expressed in degrees celsius. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: The two systems are similar in terms of repeatability and reproducibility, with some differences in sensibility. The data measured by the MEMS sensor appear lower than those measured by the thermocouple. After make-up, the MEMS sensor detects a progressive increase of the temperature in time whereas the thermocouple detects a decrease. We found the same evolution on the face but in a more attenuated way. These results tend to show that the devices do not measure the same phenomenon. The thermocouple appears more sensitive to the thermal response of the made-up surface whereas the MEMS sensor appears more sensitive to the heat transfers in the interface between the skin and make-up. 相似文献