人工神经网络用于中药材雷公藤和昆明山海棠的分类识别研究

应用误差反向传播学习算法(BP算法)对中药材雷公藤和昆明山海棠浸出物的红外光谱进行分类识别。网络为3层结构,输入节点为9个,隐层节点为21个,输出节点为1。分类结果与XIM-CA法基本一致。此外,本文还考察了网络参数间的相互关系。     

Development of hatching blastocysts from immature human oocytes following in-vitro maturation and fertilization using a co-culture system

Recently, in-vitro maturation (IVM) of immature human oocytes recovered from non-stimulated follicles has been applied in the treatment of infertility. However, in previous reports, very few embryos cultured in conventional medium have reached the expanded blastocyst stage following in-vitro maturation and fertilization (IVM/IVF). The objective of this study was to investigate whether the developmental competence of human embryos following IVM/IVF could be enhanced by the use of a human ampullary cell co-culture system. Immature human oocytes were aspirated from small follicles at Caesarean section and then cultured in medium containing human menopausal gonadotrophin for 36 to 48 h, followed by insemination. Zygotes were randomly cultured either in conventional culture medium alone or in the co-culture system. Of 48 embryos cultured in conventional medium alone, all arrested at the 2-16- cell stage on day 3 after insemination. Of 46 embryos cultured in the co-culture system, 26 embryos (56.5%) arrested at the 2-16-cell stage. Six embryos (13%) developed to the morula stage. Fourteen embryos (30.4%) developed to expanded blastocysts and two blastocysts were hatching on day 7 after insemination. We conclude that co-culture significantly enhances the development of blastocysts in embryos resulting from IVM/IVF.      

联合免疫阻断乙肝病毒母婴垂直传播及其母乳喂养安全的临床研究

0引言 乙肝病毒(HBV)可垂直传播感染新生儿,在实行免疫预防程序后,婴儿通过产程和产后感染HBV的途径得到了有效的控制,但HBV宫内感染难以阻断[1],是形成慢性乙肝的主要途径和原因. 阻断HBV母婴传播是控制乙肝流行及预防HBV相关肝病的关键[2]. 寻找有效阻断HBV母婴垂直传播的预防措施已成为世界上控制乃至消灭乙肝的关键课题. 我们用乙肝免疫球蛋白(HB immunoglobulin,HBIG)联合乙肝疫苗(Hbvac)治疗,有效地阻断HBV宫内传播,同时对应用联合免疫的产妇母婴喂养的有关问题进行分析.     

玻片法单人份免疫分型试剂盒在白血病诊断中的应用

0引言白血病免疫分型是指用已知的单克隆抗体(单抗)鉴定细胞表面或胞质内的分化抗原的方法.该方法的临床应用有利于白血病的鉴别及诊断.我们采用单人份免疫分型试剂盒对128例白血病患者进行了免疫分型.     

葡萄糖苷和半乳糖苷的鉴定——正丁基硼酸衍生物的快原子轰击质谱

本文为葡萄糖苷和半乳糖苷的鉴定提供了一种快速、简便的新方法。即采用能够与糖中不同位置的羟基发生立体选择性反应的正丁基硼酸做为衍生试剂,对12个葡萄糖苷和半乳糖苷进行化学衍生反应,对其产物进行快原子轰击质谱分析,根据谱图的特征,可以区分葡萄糖苷和半乳糖苷。     

Maternal Mortality Predictors in Women with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are multisystem disorders unique to human pregnancy. They are becoming the leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide, with the majority of deaths occurring in low income countries. However, little is known about the predictors of maternal mortality in women with HDP.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2008 and 2013 in three university teaching hospitals among 1015 women admitted with a diagnosis of HDP. Statistically significant associations were assessed by the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence using the Cox proportional hazards model and by the Log Rank test using the Kaplan-Meier survival analyses.

Results

There were 51(5%) maternal deaths and the majority died after they developed eclampsia. The median delay in arrival among the deaths was longer than the survivors. The multivariate survival analyses showed an increased risk of maternal mortality among women with eclampsia (HR=8.4), no antenatal care (HR=2.3), being grand multiparous (HR=2.8), having low diastolic blood pressure (HR=4.5), high creatinine level (HR=9.9), use of diazepam as anticonvulsant (HR=2.7) and untreated with antihypertensive drug (HR=4.2).

Conclusions

The case fatality rate of HDP was among the highest in the world and a delay in initiation of treatment because of delay in health care-seeking contributed to the majority of maternal deaths.     

A national system for monitoring the performance of hospitals in Ethiopia

Many countries struggle to develop and implement strategies to monitor hospitals nationally. The challenge is particularly acute in low-income countries where resources for measurement and reporting are scarce. We examined the experience of developing and implementing a national system for monitoring the performance of 130 government hospitals in Ethiopia. Using participatory observation, we found that the monitoring system resulted in more consistent hospital reporting of performance data to regional health bureaus and the federal government, increased transparency about hospital performance and the development of multiple quality-improvement projects. The development and implementation of the system, which required technical and political investment and support, would not have been possible without strong hospital-level management capacity. Thorough assessment of the health sector’s readiness to change and desire to prioritize hospital quality can be helpful in the early stages of design and implementation. This assessment may include interviews with key informants, collection of data about health facilities and human resources and discussion with academic partners. Aligning partners and donors with the government’s vision for quality improvement can enhance acceptability and political support. Such alignment can enable resources to be focused strategically towards one national effort – rather than be diluted across dozens of potentially competing projects. Initial stages benefit from having modest goals and the flexibility for continuous modification and improvement, through active engagement with all stakeholders.     

光学活性益康唑和咪康唑的对映体选择性合成及其抗真菌活性

首次用对映体选择性合成法制备了光学活性的益康唑和咪康唑。初步体外抗真菌活性试验结果表明,(R)-(—)-益康唑和(R)-(—)-咪康唑的抗真菌活性高于相应的(S)-异构体和外消旋体。     

氚标记( )与(-)棉酚在大鼠主要脏器的亚细胞分布及共价结合

给大鼠腹腔及睾内注射氚标记的( )与(-)棉酚后第7、18天,对主要脏器中各亚细胞组分的总放射活性及共价结合的放射活性进行了动态观察。结果表明,(-)棉酚在心肌线粒体共价结合放射活性较明显高于( )棉酚;( )及(-)棉酚在睾丸细胞膜、微粒体共价结合的放射活性随时间增高,且(-)棉酚较为明显。