新型输送型球囊扩张导管在颅内动脉狭窄治疗中的临床应用研究

目的：探讨新型输送型球囊扩张导管(Fastunnel)在颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄介入治疗中的应用效果。方法：2021年11月至2022年2月,我们使用新型输送型球囊扩张导管对10例颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄的患者进行了球囊扩张+支架成形术。收集并分析了患者的基线情况、影像学特点、治疗情况及围手术期情况。结果：男6例,女性4例,平均年龄(62.7±6.7)岁。10例患者均成功接受手术治疗,手术时长为16~65(37.3±18.2)min,治疗过程所受辐射剂量为1381~4901(2643.7±1131.7)mGy,剂量面积乘积(DAP)值为5707~38112(17526.8±10809.5)μGym₂^。围手术期无出血及缺血相关并发症。结论：输送型球囊扩张导管具有较好的安全性,能有效地简化手术步骤、缩短手术时间,对减少患者及医生所受射线剂量。     

川续断中皂甙Ⅺ,Ⅻ和ⅩⅢ的结构研究

从川续断(Dipsacus asper Wall.)根的醇提物中得到三个微量新三萜皂甙(Ⅺ～ⅫⅠ),根据光谱分析和化学反应,其结构分别鉴定为3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→4)][α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂甙元(Ⅺ)、Ⅺ的28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙( Ⅻ)和3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖(1→4)-B-O-吡喃葡萄糖(1→4)][α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→3)]-B-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙(ⅫⅠ)。     

The role of milk and lactose intolerance in Ethiopian patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia: a case control study

Milk intolerance, lactose intolerance and non-ulcer dyspepsia are common among Ethiopians. This study, therefore, was designed to find out if milk intolerance associated with lactase deficiency account for non-ulcer dyspepsia. Ninety-eight patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia and 95 controls were examined and interviewed for demographic data and milk drinking habits. Then each had a lactose tolerance test (LTT), stool examination for pH, ova and parasites. The demographic characteristics and the number of milk drinkers were comparable in the 2 groups. However, milk intolerance and lactose intolerance were significantly higher among the patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia than among the control group (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05 respectively). The combination of milk intolerance, lactose intolerance and LTT was also significantly different (p less than 0.01). The mean stool pH was markedly reduced after lactose ingestion and there were more ova and parasites in the stools of the control group. These observations suggest that milk intolerance and/or lactose intolerance account significantly for the symptoms of the patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. However, since lactose intolerance and abnormal LTT are very common among adult Ethiopians symptoms related to the drinking of milk should be interpreted with caution vis-a-vis the results of the lactose loading test.     

巴柳氮(Balsalazide)的合成

目的：合成巴柳氮并进行工艺改进。方法：以对－硝基苯甲酰氯为原料,经氨解、氢化、重氮人及偶合四步反应得到了巴柳氮。结果：所得产物经 元素分析、红外光谱确证其结构。结论：采用此法合成巴柳氨是可行的,并提高了反应收率。     

抗消化性溃疡病药物杂环甲醛缩N4-取代苯基氨(硫)脲的合成和定量构效分析

按类型衍化出的先导物结构,经逐步调整苯环上取代基的电性和疏水性,合成了45个呋喃、吡咯和N-甲基吡咯-α-甲醛缩N⁴-3-,或4-取代的苯基氨脲和氨硫脲。对抗溃疡作用和毒性作用的定量评价及构效分析表明,活性与疏水性呈抛物线关系;引入推电子基团,有利于抗溃疡活性。化合物17和30的活性与毒性的分离较大,其药理作用在深入研究中。     

Patterns of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine formation in DNA and indications of oxidative stress in rat and human pleural mesothelial cells after exposure to crocidolite asbestos

Oxidative damage is a proposed mechanism of asbestos-induced carcinogenesis, but the detection of oxidative DNA lesions in target cells of asbestos-induced mesothelioma has not been examined. In studies here, DNA was isolated from both rat pleural mesothelial (RPM) cells and a human mesothelial cell line (MET5A) after exposure in vitro to crocidolite asbestos at various concentrations. DNA was then examined for formation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) at 24, 48 and 72 h using HPLC with electrochemical detection. In addition, steady- state mRNA levels of manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) were assessed as an indication of oxidative stress. Whereas RPM cells showed dose-dependent and significant increases in 8-OHdG formation in response to crocidolite asbestos or iron-chelated crocidolite fibers (but not after exposure to glass beads), MET5A cells showed decreases in 8-OHdG. Both cell types exhibited elevations in message levels of MnSOD. In comparison with human MET5A cells, RPM cells exhibited increased cytotoxicity and apoptosis in response to asbestos, as documented by cell viability assays and flow cytometry analysis using propidium iodide. Results in RPM cells indicate that asbestos causes oxidative damage that may result in potentially mutagenic lesions in DNA and/or apoptosis, despite compensatory increases in expression of an antioxidant enzyme.      

柱前衍生化的人血浆中(+),(-)棉酚的HPLC测定法

本文报道分别定量检测人血浆中(+),(-)棉酚含量的高效液相色谱测定法。棉酚人血浆样品经乙腈沉淀蛋白后,上清液加手性试剂——(+)-2-氨基-1-丁醇,75℃加热45min。反应液加NaCl进行溶剂反混合处理后,取乙腈层50～100μl进样。选用ODS固定相,紫外254nm检测,以甲醇—异丙醇—水—磷酸(80:20:20:0.1 V/V)为流动相,流速1.2ml/min时,(+),(-) 棉酚衍生物的保留时间分别为4.2,7.7 min。检测人血浆中(+),(-)棉酚在0.125～2.0μg/ml范围内呈线性关系。棉酚回收率达94～98%,此法已用于棉酚的临床血药浓度监测和动物实验研究。     

麝香酮在大鼠、家兔和狗体内的药代动力学

麝香酮在大鼠体内的药时过程符合二室开放模型,在家兔和狗体内的药时过程则符合三室开放模型。大鼠、家兔和狗之间的药代动力学过程存在着显著的种属差异,大鼠iv麝香酮12,18和24 mg/kg三种剂量间的药代动力学主要参数无显著性差异。iv给药大鼠的T_1/2B为118.1～131.2min。家兔和狗的T_1/2B分别为24.9和30.0 min,T_1/2γ分别为331.9和366.4 min。大鼠、家兔和狗三b种动物的V_ss分别为23.0,51.7和7.3 L/kg.V_c分别为2.33,2.13和0.38 L/kg。