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71.
Millie R. Chang Grace Velapati?o Miguel Campos Elsa Chea-Woo Nelly Baiocchi Thomas G. Cleary Theresa J. Ochoa 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2015,92(5):986-988
We evaluated the monthly distribution of rotavirus diarrhea in a cohort of children 12–24 months of age followed as part of a diarrhea clinical trial in a peri-urban community of Lima. We observed a peak of rotavirus diarrhea in the winter months and a decrease in rotavirus prevalence after the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine in Peru. 相似文献
72.
Diem‐Lan Vu Julie‐Anne Dayer Stavroula Masouridi‐Levrat Christophe Combescure Elsa Boely Nina Khanna Nicolas J. Mueller Martina Kleber Michael Medinger JOERG Halter Jakob Passweg Antonia M. Müller Urs Schanz Yves Chalandon Dionysios Neofytos Christian van Delden Laurent Kaiser 《Transplant infectious disease》2020,22(4)
73.
Cirrhosis is associated with high morbidity rates due to complications of portal hypertension. Ascites is the most frequent complication in patients with cirrhosis, and refractory ascites will develop in approximately 10 % of patients during follow-up. Currently, the first-line treatment for patients with refractory ascites is large-volume paracentesis with albumin supplementation. In more advanced stages of the disease, dilutional hyponatremia may develop as the result of nonosmotic hypersecretion of vasopressin. Although vaptans have shown promising results as a potential pharmacologic approach to treating hypervolemic hyponatremia, their results on long-term efficacy and safety in patients with cirrhosis are not conclusive. Moreover, because of concerns regarding side effects, the US Food and Drug Administration recently removed the indication of tolvaptan for use in patients with cirrhosis. Finally, in late stages of the disease, intense renal vasoconstriction occurs and leads to the development of hepatorenal syndrome. The treatment of choice for patients with hepatorenal syndrome is vasoconstrictor drugs followed by liver transplantation. 相似文献
74.
Romuald Seizeur Elsa Magro Sylvain Prima Nicolas Wiest-Daesslé Camille Maumet Xavier Morandi 《Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA》2014,36(2):111-124
Purpose
Cerebral hemispheres represent both structural and functional asymmetry, which differs among right- and left-handers. The left hemisphere is specialised for language and task execution of the right hand in right-handers. We studied the corticospinal tract in right- and left-handers by diffusion tensor imaging and tractography. The present study aimed at revealing a morphological difference resulting from a region of interest (ROI) obtained by functional MRI (fMRI).Methods
Twenty-five healthy participants (right-handed: 15, left-handed: 10) were enrolled in our assessment of morphological, functional and diffusion tensor MRI. Assessment of brain fibre reconstruction (tractography) was done using a deterministic algorithm. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were studied on the tractography traces of the reference slices.Results
We observed a significant difference in number of leftward fibres based on laterality. The significant difference in regard to FA and MD was based on the slices obtained at different levels and the laterality index. We found left-hand asymmetry and right-hand asymmetry, respectively, for the MD and FA.Conclusions
Our study showed the presence of hemispheric asymmetry based on laterality index in right- and left-handers. These results are inconsistent with some studies and consistent with others. The reported difference in hemispheric asymmetry could be related to dexterity (manual skill). 相似文献75.
Nicola Napoli Elsa S. Strotmeyer Kristine E. Ensrud Deborah E. Sellmeyer Douglas C. Bauer Andrew R. Hoffman Thuy-Tien L. Dam Elizabeth Barrett-Connor Lisa Palermo Eric S. Orwoll Steven R. Cummings Dennis M. Black Ann V. Schwartz 《Diabetologia》2014,57(10):2057-2065
Aims/hypothesis
Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased fracture risk in women but few studies are available in men. To evaluate the relationship between diabetes and prospective non-vertebral fractures in elderly men, we used data from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.Methods
The MrOS enrolled 5,994 men (aged ≥65 years). Diabetes (ascertained by self-report, the use of medication for diabetes or an elevated fasting glucose level) was reported in 881 individuals, 80 of whom were using insulin. Hip and spine bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). After recruitment, the men were followed for incident non-vertebral fractures using a triannual (3 yearly) questionnaire for an average of 9.1 (SD 2.7) years. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the incident risk of fractures.Results
In models adjusted for age, race, clinic site and total hip BMD, the risk of non-vertebral fracture was higher in men with diabetes compared with normoglycaemic men (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.09, 1.54) and was elevated in men using insulin (HR 2.46, 95% CI 1.69, 3.59). Men with impaired fasting glucose did not have a higher risk of fracture compared with normoglycaemic men (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.89, 1.21). After multivariable adjustment, the risk of non-vertebral fracture remained higher only among men with diabetes who were using insulin (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.13, 2.69).Conclusions/interpretation
Men with diabetes who are using insulin have an increased risk of non-vertebral fracture for a given age and BMD. 相似文献76.
77.
78.
Celestino-Soper PB Violante S Crawford EL Luo R Lionel AC Delaby E Cai G Sadikovic B Lee K Lo C Gao K Person RE Moss TJ German JR Huang N Shinawi M Treadwell-Deering D Szatmari P Roberts W Fernandez B Schroer RJ Stevenson RE Buxbaum JD Betancur C Scherer SW Sanders SJ Geschwind DH Sutcliffe JS Hurles ME Wanders RJ Shaw CA Leal SM Cook EH Goin-Kochel RP Vaz FM Beaudet AL 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(21):7974-7981
We recently reported a deletion of exon 2 of the trimethyllysine hydroxylase epsilon (TMLHE) gene in a proband with autism. TMLHE maps to the X chromosome and encodes the first enzyme in carnitine biosynthesis, 6-N-trimethyllysine dioxygenase. Deletion of exon 2 of TMLHE causes enzyme deficiency, resulting in increased substrate concentration (6-N-trimethyllysine) and decreased product levels (3-hydroxy-6-N-trimethyllysine and γ-butyrobetaine) in plasma and urine. TMLHE deficiency is common in control males (24 in 8,787 or 1 in 366) and was not significantly increased in frequency in probands from simplex autism families (9 in 2,904 or 1 in 323). However, it was 2.82-fold more frequent in probands from male-male multiplex autism families compared with controls (7 in 909 or 1 in 130; P = 0.023). Additionally, six of seven autistic male siblings of probands in male-male multiplex families had the deletion, suggesting that TMLHE deficiency is a risk factor for autism (metaanalysis Z-score = 2.90 and P = 0.0037), although with low penetrance (2-4%). These data suggest that dysregulation of carnitine metabolism may be important in nondysmorphic autism; that abnormalities of carnitine intake, loss, transport, or synthesis may be important in a larger fraction of nondysmorphic autism cases; and that the carnitine pathway may provide a novel target for therapy or prevention of autism. 相似文献
79.
Elsa?Vasquez Graciela?Zegarra Edgar?Chirinos Jorge?L?Castillo Donald?R?Taves Gene?E?Watson Russell?Dills Lloyd?L?Mancl Peter?MilgromEmail author 《BMC oral health》2012,12(1):60
Background
There is growing interest in the use of diammine silver fluoride (DSF) as a topical agent to treat dentin hypersensitivity and dental caries as gauged by increasing published research from many parts of the world. While DSF has been available in various formulations for many years, most of its pharmacokinetic aspects within the therapeutic concentration range have never been fully characterized.Methods
This preliminary study determined the applied doses (3 teeth treated), maximum serum concentrations, and time to maximum serum concentration for fluoride and silver in 6 adults over 4 h. Fluoride was determined using the indirect diffusion method with a fluoride selective electrode, and silver was determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The mean amount of DSF solution applied to the 3 teeth was 7.57 mg (6.04 μL).Results
Over the 4 hour observation period, the mean maximum serum concentrations were 1.86 μmol/L for fluoride and 206 nmol/L for silver. These maximums were reached 3.0 h and 2.5 h for fluoride and silver, respectively.Conclusions
Fluoride exposure was below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) oral reference dose. Silver exposure exceeded the EPA oral reference dose for cumulative daily exposure over a lifetime, but for occasional use was well below concentrations associated with toxicity. This preliminary study suggests that serum concentrations of fluoride and silver after topical application of DSF should pose little toxicity risk when used in adults.Clinical trials registration
NCT01664871.80.
The length of telomeres, and in particular the abundance of short telomeres, has been proposed as a biomarker of aging and of general health status. A wide variety of studies show the association of short telomeres with age related pathologies and cancer, as well as with lifespan and mortality. These facts highlight the importance of measuring telomere length in human populations and by using reliable methods to uncover the association between telomere length and human disease. This review discusses the advantages and drawbacks of current telomere length measurement methods. Most of these methods provide mean telomere length values per cell or per sample and very few of them are able to measure the abundance of short telomeres, which are the ones indicative of telomere dysfunction. The information provided by each method and their suitability for different studies is discussed here. 相似文献