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Objective
To investigate whether oldest-old age (≥85y) is an independent predictor of exclusion from stroke rehabilitation.Design
Retrospective cohort study.Setting
Stroke unit (SU) of a tertiary hospital.Participants
Elderly patients (N=1055; aged 65–74y, n=230; aged 75–84y, n=432; aged ≥85y, n=393) who, between 2009 and 2012, were admitted to the SU with acute stroke and evaluated by a multiprofessional team for access to rehabilitation. The study excluded patients for whom rehabilitation was unnecessary or inappropriate.Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures
Access to an early mobilization (EM) protocol during SU stay and subsequent access to postacute rehabilitation after SU discharge. Analyses were adjusted for prestroke and stroke-related characteristics.Results
32.2% of patients were excluded from EM. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of EM exclusion were 1.30 (95% confidence interval [CI], .76–2.21) for ages 75 to 84 years and 2.07 (95% CI, 1.19–3.59) for ages ≥85 years compared with ages 65 to 74 years. Of 656 patients admitted to EM and who, at SU discharge, had not yet fully recovered their prestroke functional status, 18.4% were excluded from postacute rehabilitation. For patients able to walk unassisted at SU discharge, the probability of exclusion did not change across age groups. For patients unable to walk unassisted at SU discharge, ORs of exclusion from postacute rehabilitation were 3.74 (95% CI, 1.26–11.13) for ages 75 to 84 years and 9.15 (95% CI, 3.05–27.46) for ages ≥85 years compared with ages 65 to 74 years.Conclusions
Oldest-old age is an independent predictor of exclusion from stroke rehabilitation. 相似文献Objective
To compare the risk of falls and fall predictors in patients with Parkinson disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and stroke using the same study design.Design
Multicenter prospective cohort study.Setting
Institutions for physical therapy and rehabilitation.Participants
Patients (N=299) with PD (n=94), MS (n=111), and stroke (n=94) seen for rehabilitation.Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures
Functional scales were applied to investigate balance, disability, daily performance, self-confidence with balance, and social integration. Patients were followed for 6 months. Telephone interviews were organized at 2, 4, and 6 months to record falls and fall-related injuries. Incidence ratios, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and Cox proportional hazards models were used.Results
Of the 299 patients enrolled, 259 had complete follow-up. One hundred and twenty-two patients (47.1%) fell at least once; 82 (31.7%) were recurrent fallers and 44 (17.0%) suffered injuries; and 16%, 32%, and 40% fell at 2, 4, and 6 months. Risk of falls was associated with disease type (PD, MS, and stroke in decreasing order) and confidence with balance (Activities-specific Balance Confidence [ABC] scale). Recurrent fallers were 7%, 15%, and 24% at 2, 4, and 6 months. The risk of recurrent falls was associated with disease type, high educational level, and ABC score. Injured fallers were 3%, 8%, and 12% at 2, 4, and 6 months. The only predictor of falls with injuries was disease type (PD).Conclusions
PD, MS, and stroke carry a high risk of falls. Other predictors include perceived balance confidence and high educational level. 相似文献- Implications for rehabilitation
Adapted Physical Activity (APA) is effective in improving spatio-temporal parameters of gait, but not kinematics, in people with multiple sclerosis.
Dynamic range of motion during gait is increased after APA.
The full transferability of APA on the ambulation function may require specific exercises rather than generic lower limbs strength/flexibility training.
Aim
We assessed the hepatic safety of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) analyzing the publicly available US-FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS).Methods
We extracted reports of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) associated with NOACs, including acute liver failure (ALF) events. Based on US marketing authorizations, we performed disproportionality analyses, calculating reporting odds ratios (RORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI), also to test for event- and drug-related competition bias, and case-by-case evaluation for concomitant medications.Results
DILI reports represented 3.7% (n = 146) and 1.7% (n = 222) of all reports for rivaroxaban and dabigatran, respectively. No statistically significant association was found for dabigatran, in primary and secondary analyses. Disproportionality signals emerged for rivaroxaban in primary analysis (ALF: n = 25, ROR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.34, 3.08). In a large proportion of DILI reports concomitant hepatotoxic and/or interacting drugs were recorded: 42% and 37% (rivaroxaban and dabigatran, respectively), especially statins, paracetamol and amiodarone. Among ALF reports, fatal outcome occurred in 49% of cases (44% and 51%, rivaroxaban and dabigatran, respectively), whereas rapid onset of the event (<1 week) was detected in 46% of patients (47% and 44%, respectively).Conclusions
The disproportionality signal for rivaroxaban calls for further comparative population-based studies to characterize and quantify the actual DILI risk of NOACs, taking into account drug- and patient-related risk factors. As DILI is unpredictable, our findings strengthen the role of (a) timely pharmacovigilance to detect post-marketing signals of DILI through FAERS and other data sources, (b) clinicians to assess early, on a case-by-case basis, the potential responsibility of NOACs when they diagnose a liver injury. 相似文献To evaluate the reproducibility of the 2D shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) method and to identify the prognostic factors of breast lesions.
MethodsIn this prospective study, 44 female patients were consecutively included from January 2020 to September 2021. All patients showing visible masses at B-mode ultrasound underwent to clinical evaluation, followed by qualitative and quantitative 2D-SWE by two different operators with over 15-year and 2-year experience, respectively. Subsequently, patients underwent to surgical treatment after core needle biopsy. Reproducibility of qualitative and quantitative 2D-SWE was evaluated by Cohen’s kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Clinical, imaging, and histopathological data and 2D-SWE evaluations were analysed with Spearman's rank correlation test.
ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 55 years?±?12. The mean histological and ultrasound tumour size of were 23.1 mm?±?13.2 and 17.2 mm?±?10.2, respectively. The interobserver agreement showed a good reproducibility limited to the qualitative evaluation colour maps (Cohen’s kappa?=?0.603) and to the quantitative evaluation E ratio (ICC?=?0.771). Correlation analysis between the ultrasound and 2D-SWE values and the clinical-pathological parameters showed a significant relationship between E ratio and Elston–Ellis grading (P?<?0.030) and between tumour size and Elston–Ellis grading (P?<?0.041).
ConclusionThe 2D-SWE has shown good reproducibility among operators with different experience. It could be a promising tool in the evaluation of some prognostic factors in ultrasound visible breast cancer.
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