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71.
72.
In vivo analysis of the vascular pattern of the superficial temporal artery based on digital subtraction angiography
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73.
Marcus E. Kleber Graciela Delgado Tanja B. Grammer Günther Silbernagel Jie Huang Bernhard K. Kr?mer Eberhard Ritz Winfried M?rz 《Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN》2015,26(11):2831-2838
Obesity and diets rich in uric acid–raising components appear to account for the increased prevalence of hyperuricemia in Westernized populations. Prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, CKD, and cardiovascular disease are also increasing. We used Mendelian randomization to examine whether uric acid is an independent and causal cardiovascular risk factor. Serum uric acid was measured in 3315 patients of the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study. We calculated a weighted genetic risk score (GRS) for uric acid concentration based on eight uric acid–regulating single nucleotide polymorphisms. Causal odds ratios and causal hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using a two-stage regression estimate with the GRS as the instrumental variable to examine associations with cardiometabolic phenotypes (cross-sectional) and mortality (prospectively) by logistic regression and Cox regression, respectively. Our GRS was not consistently associated with any biochemical marker except for uric acid, arguing against pleiotropy. Uric acid was associated with a range of prevalent diseases, including coronary artery disease. Uric acid and the GRS were both associated with cardiovascular death and sudden cardiac death. In a multivariate model adjusted for factors including medication, causal HRs corresponding to each 1-mg/dl increase in genetically predicted uric acid concentration were significant for cardiovascular death (HR, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 2.81) and sudden cardiac death (HR, 2.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 5.00). These results suggest that high uric acid is causally related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, especially sudden cardiac death. 相似文献
74.
Hiromi González-Fuentes Katharina Riehn Martin Koethe Eberhard von Borell Ernst Luecker Ahmad Hamedy 《Parasitology research》2014,113(8):2983-2989
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different concentrations of table salt (NaCl) and ethanol (v/v) solutions on the viability of Alaria alata mesocercariae. Furthermore, the survival of A. alata mesocercariae during simulated human gastric digestion was evaluated. For this purpose, A. alata mesocercariae migration technique (AMT) was used for the isolation of the parasite from high-positive A. alata mesocercariae meat from wild boar, raccoon, raccoon dog, and badger meat. In total, we have studied the behavior of 582 larvae under different conditions (NaCl, ethanol, and artificial gastric juice) in three independent in vitro experiments. The larvae survived at a NaCl concentration of up to 2.0 % until day 21 with a median survival time of 11 days. At 3.0 % NaCl concentration, the larvae lost their vitality after less than 24 h. In addition, it was found that ethanol concentrations from 8.0 to 70.0 % were effective at reducing survival of A. alata mesocercariae within a short period of time (<1 min). Finally, our studies have revealed that it required 120 min to reliably inactivate all A. alata mesocercariae within HCl-pepsin digestion solution with a pH of 1.5–2.0 at 37 °C. Consequently, the results showed that 3.0 % is the minimum concentration of NaCl in meat products recommended for human consumption because at lower NaCl concentration the parasite survived for a substantial period of time. Finally, the common concentrations of ethanol used for the disinfection of surfaces in household and/or laboratory, are sufficient for the inactivation of A. alata mesocercariae. 相似文献
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76.
Mark L. Eberhard Ernesto Ruiz-Tiben Donald R. Hopkins Corey Farrell Fernand Toe Adam Weiss P. Craig Withers Jr. M. Harley Jenks Elizabeth A. Thiele James A. Cotton Zahra Hance Nancy Holroyd Vitaliano A. Cama Mahamat Ali Tahir Tchonfienet Mounda 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2014,90(1):61-70
Dracunculiasis was rediscovered in Chad in 2010 after an apparent absence of 10 years. In April 2012 active village-based surveillance was initiated to determine where, when, and how transmission of the disease was occurring, and to implement interventions to interrupt it. The current epidemiologic pattern of the disease in Chad is unlike that seen previously in Chad or other endemic countries, i.e., no clustering of cases by village or association with a common water source, the average number of worms per person was small, and a large number of dogs were found to be infected. Molecular sequencing suggests these infections were all caused by Dracunculus medinensis. It appears that the infection in dogs is serving as the major driving force sustaining transmission in Chad, that an aberrant life cycle involving a paratenic host common to people and dogs is occurring, and that the cases in humans are sporadic and incidental. 相似文献
77.
Angelos Hatzakis Jeffrey V. Lazarus Evangelos Cholongitas Ricardo Baptista‐Leite Charles Boucher Cristian‐Silviu Busoi Sylvie Deuffic‐Burban Jagpreet Chhatwal Gamal Esmat Sharon Hutchinson Minerva‐Melpomeni Malliori Mojca Maticic Antons Mozalevskis Francesco Negro George A. Papandreou George V. Papatheodoridis Markus Peck‐Radosavljevic Homie Razavi Tatjana Reic Eberhard Schatz Nurdan Tozun Zobair Younossi Michael P. Manns 《Liver international》2020,40(2):260-270
The majority of people infected with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the European Union (EU) remain undiagnosed and untreated. During recent years, immigration to EU has further increased HCV prevalence. It has been estimated that, out of the 4.2 million adults affected by HCV infection in the 31 EU/ European Economic Area (EEA) countries, as many as 580 000 are migrants. Additionally, HCV is highly prevalent and under addressed in Eastern Europe. In 2013, the introduction of highly effective treatments for HCV with direct‐acting antivirals created an unprecedented opportunity to cure almost all patients, reduce HCV transmission and eliminate the disease. However, in many settings, HCV elimination poses a serious challenge for countries’ health spending. On 6 June 2018, the Hepatitis B and C Public Policy Association held the 2nd EU HCV Policy summit. It was emphasized that key stakeholders should work collaboratively since only a few countries in the EU are on track to achieve HCV elimination by 2030. In particular, more effort is needed for universal screening. The micro‐elimination approach in specific populations is less complex and less costly than country‐wide elimination programmes and is an important first step in many settings. Preliminary data suggest that implementation of the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis can be cost saving. However, innovative financing mechanisms are needed to raise funds upfront for scaling up screening, treatment and harm reduction interventions that can lead to HCV elimination by 2030, the stated goal of the WHO. 相似文献
78.
Pfeiffer A Nagel MK Popp C Wüst F Bindics J Viczián A Hiltbrunner A Nagy F Kunkel T Schäfer E 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(15):5892-5897
Phytochromes (phy) are red/far-red-absorbing photoreceptors that regulate the adaption of plant growth and development to changes in ambient light conditions. The nuclear transport of the phytochromes upon light activation is regarded as a key step in phytochrome signaling. Although nuclear import of phyA is regulated by the transport facilitators far red elongated hypocotyl 1 (FHY1) and fhy1-like, an intrinsic nuclear localization signal was proposed to be involved in the nuclear accumulation of phyB. We recently showed that nuclear import of phytochromes can be analyzed in a cell-free system consisting of isolated nuclei of the unicellular green algae Acetabularia acetabulum. We now show that this system is also versatile to elucidate the mechanism of the nuclear transport of phyB. We tested the nuclear transport characteristics of full-length phyB as well as N- and C-terminal phyB fragments in vitro and showed that the nuclear import of phyB can be facilitated by phytochrome-interacting factor 3 (PIF3). In vivo measurements of phyB nuclear accumulation in the absence of PIF1, -3, -4, and -5 indicate that these PIFs are the major transport facilitators during the first hours of deetiolation. Under prolonged irradiations additional factors might be responsible for phyB nuclear transport in the plant. 相似文献
79.
80.
Hönicke U Albrecht S Schrötter H Krug S Kolditz M Kuhlisch E Höffken G Halank M 《Texas Heart Institute journal / from the Texas Heart Institute of St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital》2012,39(1):44-50
We sought to determine whether patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension show elevated serum levels of prolactin (PRL) and its 16-kDa N-terminal fragment (16-kDa PRL) and whether there is any correlation to measures of prognosis.Twenty-eight patients with idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension, 15 with peripheral chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, and 4 with portopulmonary hypertension Child-Pugh class A were included. Our control subjects were 56 blood donors. Total prolactin was measured with an immunoluminometric assay. Antibodies against epitope C detected only the intact prolactin before it was split. The 16-kDa PRL was calculated from the difference between total and intact prolactin.Prolactin was significantly (P=0.009) higher in the study group (median, 190 mU/L; interquartile range, 162 mU/L) than in the control group (median, 140 mU/L; interquartile range, 91 mU/L). The 16-kDa PRL was significantly elevated in the study group (P=0.046). Prolactin and 16-kDa PRL correlated inversely with the 6-minute-walk distance (P <0.01) and with peak oxygen uptake during exercise (P <0.005).Serum levels of prolactin and 16-kDa PRL were significantly higher in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension and were inversely correlated with 6-minute-walk distance and peak oxygen uptake.These results indicate that prolactin and 16-kDa PRL might play a role in the pathophysiology of precapillary pulmonary hypertension. 相似文献