Bone mineral density assessed by phalangeal radiographic absorptiometry before and during long-term growth hormone treatment in girls with Turner's syndrome participating in a randomized dose-response study

Immunosuppressive effects of carrageenan, a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide, on antibody and T cell responses have been previously demonstrated. However, its effect on anaphylaxis is unknown. Our objectives were to test carrageenan-mediated oral tolerance induction in young mice subsequently sensitized to a common cow's milk antigen. C3H/HeJ mice were fed or not lambda-carrageenan (0.5 g/L) and/or 0.01 mg/mL beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) for 5 d before oral sensitization with BLG and cholera toxin. Subsequently, the mice were challenged with BLG and symptom scores of anaphylaxis were recorded. Mesenteric lymph node cells, spleen cells, Peyer's patches cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, and lamina propria lymphocytes were isolated and stimulated in vitro with BLG, IL-2, or left unstimulated. BLG-specific IgG, IgG(1), and IgG(2a) antibodies were measured. Pretreatment with carrageenan and BLG, but not pretreatment with either carrageenan or BLG alone or omission of pretreatment, diminished significantly the number of anaphylactic mice after BLG challenge (6.3 % versus 53 % in mice without pretreatment, p = 0.006). Mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen cells from pretreated mice proliferated less in presence of BLG or IL-2 than cells from sensitized control mice. Antigen-specific antibody production and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis was not suppressed by carrageenan and BLG pretreatment. In conclusion, carrageenan administered to young mice in conjunction with low doses of allergen before sensitization efficiently prevents anaphylaxis.     

唐古特大黄提取物不同成分泻下作用的比较研究

目的：研究唐古特大黄提取物不同成分的泻下作用。方法：采用炭末推进方法、酚红排空方法进行肠推进实验,观察大黄提取物各成分(15 g·kg^-1)对小鼠小肠推进和肠水分吸收、大鼠大肠运动的影响。结果：唐古特大黄提取物不同成分与对照组相比,对小鼠小肠推进和肠水分吸收、大肠推进作用均有显著性差异(P<0.01)；与大黄水煎液、醇提液相比,泻下活性存在一些差异。结论：唐古特大黄提取物不同成分均有显著的泻下作用,但与大黄水煎液和醇提液相比有一些差异。     

A five-drug remission induction regimen with intensive consolidation for adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: cancer and leukemia group B study 8811

The goal of this phase II multicenter clinical trial was to evaluate a new intensive chemotherapy program for adults with untreated acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and to examine prospectively the impact of clinical and biologic characteristics on the outcome. One hundred ninety-seven eligible and evaluable patients (16 to 80 years of age; median, 32 years of age) received cyclophosphamide, daunorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, and L-asparaginase; 167 patients (85%) achieved a complete remission (CR), 13 (7%) had refractory disease, and 17 (9%) died during induction. A higher CR rate was observed in younger patients (94% for those < 30 years old, 85% for those 30 to 59 years old, and 39% for those > or = 60 years old, P < .001) and in those who had a mediastinal mass (100%) or blasts with a T-cell immunophenotype. Eighty percent of B-lineage and 97% of T-cell ALL patients achieved a CR (P = .01). The coexpression of myeloid antigens did not affect the response rate or duration. Seventy percent of those with cytogenetic or molecular evidence of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome and 84% of those without such evidence achieved a CR (P = .11). Patients in remission received multiagent consolidation treatment, central nervous system prophylaxis, late intensification, and maintenance chemotherapy for a total of 24 months. After a median follow-up time of 43 months, the median survival for all 197 patients is 36 months; the median remission duration for the 167 CR patients is 29 months. Favorable pretreatment characteristics relative to remission duration or survival are younger age, the presence of a mediastinal mass or lymphadenopathy, a white blood cell count (WBC) less than 30,000/microL, L1 morphology, T or TMy immunophenotype, and the absence of the Ph chromosome. The estimates of the proportion surviving at 3 years are 69% for patients less than 30 years old, 39% for those 30 to 59 years old, 89% for those who had a mediastinal mass, 59% with WBC less than 30,000/microL, 63% with L1 morphology, 69% for T or TMy antigen expression, and 62% for those who lack the Ph chromosome. Fifteen patients (8%) had no unfavorable prognostic factors and have an estimated probability of survival at 5 years of 100% (95% confidence interval, 77% to 100%). This intensive chemotherapy regimen produces a high remission rate and a high proportion of durable remissions in adults with ALL.     

Coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes: preliminary report of radiographic evaluation

A new bone graft substitute made by conversion of the calcium carbonate exoskeleton of reef-building sea coral into hydroxyapatite has recently become clinically available. The normal radiographic appearance of two forms of this material is described. In the immediate postoperative period, the exoskeletal architecture of these implants is readily appreciated. With graft incorporation over the ensuing months, their intrinsic structure is gradually lost in association with poor marginal definition. Evolving radiographic findings reflect the biocompatible nature of these implants, which provides the potential for ingrowth of native bone with preservation of the coralline scaffold, resulting in enhanced biomechanical properties.     

急性缺血性卒中影像学检查的建议——美国心脏协会的科学声明（中）

2．3核磁共振血管成像（MRA） 2．3．1背景和方法：在头部MRI检查中常结合MRA,用于急性卒中患者病情评估以指导治疗决策的制定^[19]。日前,有几种不同的MRA技术用于脑血管成像,包括二维时间飞跃（timeof-flight,TOF）序列、三维TOF序列、     

Myocardial infarct size quantification by MR imaging early after coronary artery occlusion in dogs

The feasibility of using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to estimate myocardial infarct size was explored in an in vitro model using only the inherent differences in contrast between infarcted and noninfarcted myocardium. Eight dogs underwent coronary occlusion; their hearts were removed 6 hours later. Estimates of T2 for normal and infarcted myocardium were derived from MR images. Infarct size was quantified anatomically using triphenyltetrazolium-chloride (TTC) staining and compared with MR estimates. The T2 values derived from the images clearly discriminated between infarcted (126 +/- 22 msec) and normal myocardium (88 +/- 10 msec, P less than .05), providing images with good contrast between normal and infarcted myocardium. Comparable differences in T2 values were also noted from spectrometric determinations. Estimates of infarct size by MR imaging compared well with TTC estimates (r = 0.98) over a wide range of infarct sizes from 3% to 29% of the left ventricular mass. These results suggest the potential for in vivo quantification of infarct size based on the inherent contrast difference between infarcted and normal myocardium.     

急性失代偿性心力衰竭患者血清肌钙蛋白T水平检测的价值

目的：研究肌钙蛋白T的水平变化在急性失代偿性心力衰竭患者预后的价值。方法：选取急诊重症监护室收治的68例急性失代偿性心力衰竭患者,按照cTnT的水平分为cTnT阳性组（27例）和cTnT阴性组（41例）。观察两组患者室性期前收缩发生率、APACHEⅡ评分、在ICU入住时间、住院时间、住院病死率、随访出院后6个月内再入院率及6个月死亡率。结果：两组治疗期间利尿剂、扩血管药物使用、多巴胺和（或）多巴酚丁胺的使用和两组患者6个月随访期间死亡率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。入院时APACHEⅡ评分、在ICU入住时间、住院时间、住院病死率及出院后6个月内再入院率比较均显示差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：肌钙蛋白T水平是与治疗无关的危险因素之一。伴有肌钙蛋白T升高的急性失代偿性心力衰竭患者有较高的室性期前收缩发生率、较长的住院时间、短期预后差,监测cTnT水平对急性失代偿性心力衰竭患者的病情评估和短期预后有重要作用。     

Massive hemoptysis: control by embolization of the thyrocervical trunk

A case of recurrent hemoptysis following bronchial artery embolization is presented. The bleeding was successfully controlled by embolization of the thyrocervical trunk.