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51.
BK Puri MRCPsych H Obaydi MRCPsych I Singh MRCPsych 《International journal of clinical practice》1996,50(1):52-53
SUMMARY An audit of the clinical use of EEG in mentally handicapped patients was performed over a three-year period. EEG requests seemed inappropriate in more than one-quarter of cases. Changes in clinical practice during the 10 months following presentation of these audit results were examined. There was a marked reduction in EEG requests, which were subsequently used in a more cost-effective and clinically appropriate way. There was also a reduction in the time taken to process requests. 相似文献
52.
In women there is a gradual rise in the basal level of follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH) in the years prior to the menopause (pre- menopause) which is
thought to be due to a relative lack of ovarian factors reflecting the
number of antral follicles present in the ovaries. Experimental animal
models for this phenomenon, particularly in mono-ovulatory species, have
been lacking due to most animals' relatively short life span. We have
available a group of experimental ewes in which the right ovary was removed
and the left ovary was autotransplanted to the neck at least 10 years
previously, which have been maintained in good health until an age of 12-13
years. Two experiments were conducted with these animals to determine the
endocrine and follicular effects of age: a retrospective experiment in the
same Finn-Merino ewes (n = 5) when the animals were 6-7 or 12-13 years of
age; and a cohort experiment in old (12-13 years, n = 6) and young (2
years, n = 5) ewes of the same breed. In both retrospective and cohort
experiments, the concentrations of FSH were significantly higher (P <
0.05) in older animals during the luteal phase when oestradiol secretion
was low. This increase in FSH was associated with a decrease in the
concentration of inhibin A (P < 0.05) in older animals in both the
follicular and luteal stages of the cycle but the concentrations of
oestradiol were similar between ages. Although there were significantly
fewer antral follicles (P < 0.05) available for development in older
ewes during the early luteal phase of the cycle, the ovulation rate was
similar to that observed in younger animals (2.0+/-0 vs 2.0+/-4; P >
0.05) but the interval from luteal regression to the onset of the LH surge
was longer (P < 0.05) in older animals. In conclusion, the endocrine
changes associated with increasing reproductive age in sheep are therefore
similar to those observed in women, suggesting that the sheep could be a
useful animal model to study the effect of age on human fertility.
相似文献
53.
54.
Ravi Babu Kalahasthi HR Rajmohan BK Rajan Karuna Kumar M 《Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England)》2007,2(1):5-7
Objective
The present study was carried out to determine the effect of cadmium exposure on Urinary N-acetyl-beta -D-glucosaminidase and its isoenzymes A and B in workers exposed at cadmium plating. 相似文献55.
56.
Intravenous calcitriol regresses myocardial hypertrophy in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
CW Park YS Oh YS Shin CM Kim YS Kim SY Kim EJ Choi YS Chang BK Bang 《American journal of kidney diseases》1999,33(1):73-81
To evaluate the response of circulating intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) on myocardial hypertrophy in hemodialysis (HD) patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), echocardiographic and neurohormonal assessments were performed over a 15-week period in 15 HD patients with SHPT before and after calcitriol treatment and 10 HD control patients with SHPT not receiving calcitriol therapy. We prospectively studied a group of 15 patients with significantly elevated iPTH levels (iPTH >450 pg/mL) receiving calcitriol (2 microg after dialysis twice weekly). Clinical assessment, medication status, and biochemical and hematological measurements were performed once a month. Throughout the study, calcium carbonate levels were modified to maintain serum phosphate levels at less than 6 mg/dL, but body weight, antihypertensive medication, and ultrafiltration dose remained constant. In patients treated with calcitriol, an adequate reduction of iPTH levels was found (1,112 +/- 694 v 741 +/- 644 pg/mL; P < 0.05) without changes in values of serum ionized calcium (iCa++), phosphate, or hematocrit. Blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) did not significantly change. After 15 weeks of treatment with calcitriol, M-mode echocardiograms showed pronounced reductions in interventricular wall thickness (13.9 +/- 3.6 v 12.8 +/- 3.10 mm; P = 0.01), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (12.5 +/- 2.4 v 11.3 +/- 1.8 mm; P < 0.05), and left ventricle mass index (LVMi; 178 +/- 73 v 155 +/- 61 g/m2; P < 0.01). However, in control patients, these changes were not found after the treatment period. In addition, sequential measurements of neurohormonal mediator levels in patients receiving calcitriol showed that plasma renin (18.5 +/- 12.7 v 12.3 +/- 11.0 pg/mL; P = 0.007), angiotensin II (AT II; 79.7 +/- 48.6 v 47.2 +/- 45.7 pg/mL; P = 0.001), and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP; 16.6 +/- 9.7 v 12.2 +/- 4.4 pg/mL; P = 0.03) levels significantly decreased, whereas antidiuretic hormone (ADH), epinephrine, and norepinephrine levels did not change significantly. The percent change in LVMi associated with calcitriol therapy had a strong correlation with the percent change in iPTH (r = 0.52; P < 0.05) and AT II (r = 0.47; P < 0.05) levels. We conclude that the partial correction of SHPT with intravenous calcitriol causes a regression in myocardial hypertrophy without biochemical or hemodynamic changes, such as heart rate, BP, and TPR. The changes in plasma levels of iPTH and, secondarily, plasma levels of neurohormones (especially AT II) after calcitriol therapy may have a key role in attenuating ventricular hypertrophy in SHPT. 相似文献
57.
58.
59.
BK Vogler MH Pittler E Ernst 《Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache》1998,18(10):704-708
Background : Feverfew is a popular herbal remedy advocated for the prevention of migraine. Aim : The aim of this systematic review was to look at the evidence for or against the clinical effectiveness of feverfew in migraine prevention. Data sources : Literature searches were performed using the following databases: Medline, Embase, Biosis, CISCOM, and the Cochrane Library (all from their inception to April 1998). Study selection : Only randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trials were included. Data extraction : All articles were read by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted in a predefined, standardized fashion. The methodological quality of all trials was evaluated using the Jadad score. Main results : Five trials met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The majority favor feverfew over placebo. Yet important caveats exist. Conclusion : The clinical effectiveness of feverfew in the prevention of migraine has not been established beyond reasonable doubt. 相似文献
60.