地塞米松对内毒素休克新生大鼠脑一氧化氮合成酶基因表达的调节

目的：探讨新生大鼠内毒素休克脑损伤时脑一氧化氮合成酶(NO6)三种亚型基因表达的变化及地塞米松(DEX)对其的调控作用。方法：在新生大鼠内毒素休克动物模型基础上，采用逆转录PCR及PCR技术，对脑组织中三型NOS mRNA及caspase—3 mRNA的表达进行半定量分析。结果：正常新生大鼠脑iNOS及eNOS mRNA无明显表达，nNOS mRNA、caspase—3 mRNA有一定程度表达。内毒素脂多糖(LPS)腹腔注射后2h，三种亚型NOS mRNA开始表达，于LPS6h达高峰，并持续至24h。caspase—3 mRNA于LPS腹腔注射后2h后表达逐渐增加，24h达高峰。DEX可抑制nNOS、iNOS及caspase—3 mRNA的表达，且以用药后2h最为明显，并持续至用药后24h。结论：内毒素休克脑损伤时，各型NOS均有表达，NO的产生是内毒素休克脑损伤时重要的病理生理机制之一。DEX通过抑制NOS、caspase—3 mRNA的表达部分实现其神经保护作用．     

精神科儿少住院患者的42年资料回顾

目的了解从1958年8月本院正式成立儿童精神科以来,42年中儿童住院病人的情况,以掌握及了解儿童和少年精神障碍的发展趋势。方法从1958年8月到2000年9月之间住院的所有病人的病历共1327份,逐一记载所需资料内容,并将所有资料进行分析。结果患儿年龄主要集中在13—14岁,并涉及3—16岁各年龄段。以儿童和少年期最多,文化程度以初中和小学居多。在早期,精神障碍诊断不规范,90年代后,诊断趋于标准化,位于前五位的诊断是：精神分裂症、精神发育迟滞、脑器质性精神障碍、情感性精神障碍、行为障碍。90年代以来,每年住院儿童病人数量均呈增长趋势。结论在住院期间,儿童少年病人既要接受治疗,又需进行儿童间交友训练,而在成人精神科病房,在这一点上不能满足住院患儿的需要,不利于儿童和少年的综合治疗,所以在我院开设儿童青少年病房有重要的意义。     

多巴酚丁胺负荷对缺血性扩张型心肌病患者左心室充盈的影响：病理生理学及预后意义

目的：本研究旨在探讨多巴酚丁胺对缺血性心肌病（ICM）患者左心室（LV）充盈功能的影响，并确定峰值负荷时限制性充盈型（RFP）是否具有预后预测价值。背景：ICM患者峰值负荷时RFP的预后价值尚属未知。方法：在静息和负荷情况下，采用多普勒超声心动检查研究了69例ICM患者；RFP定义为跨二尖瓣E／A比≥1．0、等容舒张时间（IVRT）〈80ms及E波减速时间（EDT）〈120ms。结果：69例患者中有42例静息时出现RFP，其中有24例患者负荷情况下转变为非RFP（EA），18例患者RFP持续存在（EE）；69例患者中27例静息和峰值负荷时均无RFP（AA）。     

大学生生涯规划及其对护理教育的意义

对大学生生涯规划及国内外研究状况进行综述，指出生涯规划对护理教育的意义，提出在高等护理教育中加强大学生的生涯规划将是我国护理教育的主要发展方向之一。     

羊水过少66例临床分析

目的　分析在妊娠晚期羊水过少的早期诊断和终止妊娠方式。　方法　对海南省农垦总局医院 1990年月1日～ 2 0 0 3年 3月 66例羊水过少孕妇进行回顾性分析。　结果　妊娠 40周后羊水过少发生率及羊水污染发生率较妊娠 40周前明显增高 (P <0 0 0 1,P <0 0 5 ) ,分娩方式及新生儿预后差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。　结论　妊娠达 40周后如无产兆应进行B超监测 ,及早诊断及处理羊水过少者 ,如无胎儿窘迫 ,可以阴道试产 ,必要时手术以提高围产儿出生质量。     

Involvement of IL-1beta in acute stress-induced worsening of cerebral ischaemia in rats.

Stress is known to be one of the risk factors of stroke. Most of the knowledge on the effects of stress on cerebrovascular disease in humans is restricted to catecholamines and glucocorticoids effects on blood pressure and/or development of atherosclerosis. However, few experimental studies have examined the possible mechanisms by which stress may affect stroke outcome. We have used an acute stress protocol consisting of the exposure of male Fischer rats to an acute, single exposure immobilisation protocol (6 h) prior to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and we have found that stress worsens behavioural and neurological outcomes and increased infarct size after MCAO. The possible regulatory role of the TNFalpha and IL-1beta was studied by looking at the release of these cytokines in brain. The results of the present study showed an increase in IL-1beta release in cerebral cortex after exposure to acute stress. Brain levels of IL-1beta are also higher in previously stressed MCAO rats than in MCAO animals without stress. Pharmacological blockade of IL-1beta with an antibody anti-IL-1beta led to a decrease in the infarct size as well as in neurological and behavioural deficits after MCAO. In summary, our results indicate that IL-1beta, but not TNFalpha, accounts at least partly for the worsening of MCAO consequences in brain of rats exposed to acute stress.     

Onychopathy in a Patient with Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome

Abstract: Hydantoin is an anticonvulsant drug with several side effects. A teralogenic potential has been suggested. The fetal hydantoin syndrome is an entity that consists of a broad range of morphologic and developmental disorders in children born of epileptic mothers exposed to hydantoin during pregnancy. We treated a girl in whom onychopathy was a monosymptomatic or mild form of this syndrome.