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排序方式: 共有3219条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Genome-wide array analysis of normal and malformed human hearts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
62.
Die Innere Medizin - Seit Jahren stehen Reformen der Akut- und Notfallversorgung auf der gesundheitspolitischen Agenda. So auch im aktuellen Koalitionsvertrag. Zur Einordnung der Ausgangslage... 相似文献
63.
Self-expandable metallic stents for malignant duodenal obstruction caused by biliary tract cancer 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Schiefke I Zabel-Langhennig A Wiedmann M Huster D Witzigmann H Mössner J Berr F Caca K 《Gastrointestinal endoscopy》2003,58(2):213-219
BACKGROUND: Malignant duodenal obstruction is a common event in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Because bypass surgery is accompanied by significant morbidity, self-expandable metallic stents have emerged as a possible alternative for palliation. METHODS: Twenty patients with biliary tract cancer (7 gallbladder, 13 Klatskin tumors) and duodenal obstruction were treated with metallic stents at a single institution between 1999 and 2001. Survival, morbidity, and stent function were studied prospectively. The ability to eat was assessed by using a scoring system. RESULTS: Stent placement was technically successful in all patients. An additional stent was required in 6 cases (4 occlusions, 2 dislocations). Median survival was 20.5 weeks; there was no treatment-related death. Twenty-eight biliary stent exchanges were performed in 13 (65%) patients. Erosive reflux esophagitis improved in 11 of 12 (92%) cases. After 4 weeks, all 17 surviving patients tolerated soft or solid food, whereas 13 of 17 (77%) tolerated a more solid diet (p < 0.001, gastric outlet obstruction scoring system). Twelve of 17 (71%) patients gained a median of 1.5 kg of body weight (p = 0.001). The median Karnofsky scale increased from 50% to 60% in 13 of 17 (77%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Self-expandable metallic stents are a safe, efficacious, and minimally invasive treatment option for palliation of patients with duodenal obstruction from biliary tract cancer. Technical complications can be managed endoscopically and the bile duct remains accessible for endoluminal treatment. 相似文献
64.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are an efficient tool to specifically inhibit gene expression by RNA interference. Since hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicates in the cytoplasm of liver cells without integration into the host genome, RNA-directed antiviral strategies are likely to successfully block the HCV replication cycle. Additional benefit might arise from inhibition of cellular cofactors of HCV replication, such as proteasome alpha-subunit 7 (PSMA7) or Hu antigen R (HuR). METHODS: In this study, we investigated direct and cofactor-mediated inhibition of HCV by a panel of DNA-based retroviral vectors expressing siRNAs against highly conserved HCV sequences or the putative HCV cofactors PSMA7 and HuR. Effects were determined in HCV IRES-mediated translation assays and subgenomic HCV replicon cells. RESULTS: PSMA7- and HuR-directed siRNAs successfully inhibited expression of the endogenous genes, and PSMA7 and HuR silencing significantly diminished HCV replicon RNA and NS5B protein levels. HCV-directed siRNAs substantially inhibited HCV IRES-mediated translation and subgenomic HCV replication. Combinations of PSMA7- and HuR-directed siRNAs with HCV-directed siRNAs revealed additive HCV RNA inhibitory effects in monocistronic replicon cells. CONCLUSIONS: A dual approach of direct- and cofactor-mediated inhibition of HCV replication might avoid selection of mutants and thereby become a powerful strategy against HCV. 相似文献
65.
Comparative study of the effectiveness of slow-release morphine and methadone for opioid maintenance therapy 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Eder H Jagsch R Kraigher D Primorac A Ebner N Fischer G 《Addiction (Abingdon, England)》2005,100(8):1101-1109
Aims Slow‐release morphine may represent a much‐needed new pharmacological treatment for opioid dependence. Design In a 14‐week randomized, double‐blind, double‐dummy, cross‐over study oral slow‐release morphine was compared with methadone as a treatment for opioid dependency. During two study periods, each consisting of a 1‐week titration and a 6‐week fixed‐dose treatment phase, medication was administered daily under supervised conditions. Setting The study was carried out at the Addiction Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna. Participants Sixty‐four subjects (56 males, eight females) with opioid dependence participated in the trial. Measurements Efficacy was evaluated on the basis of retention, use of illicit substances based on urinalysis, extent of drug cravings, withdrawal symptoms and general wellbeing. Safety was assessed on the basis of adverse events and clinical and physical examination. Demographic and baseline characteristics were assessed using the European Addiction Severity Index. Findings Fifty‐five patients (86%) completed the study, with a mean methadone dose of 85 mg and a mean slow‐release morphine dose of 680 mg. No significant differences in retention or use of illicit substances (opioids, benzodiazepines, cocaine) were observed, irrespective of treatment group or medication. However, patients receiving slow‐release morphine had significantly lower depression (P < 0.001) and anxiety scores (P = 0.008) and fewer physical complaints (P < 0.001). Conclusions Oral slow‐release morphine is as effective as methadone in the treatment of opioid dependency, with comparable safety and tolerability and a greater benefit on patient wellbeing. Greater pharmaceutical diversity represents a modern development in mainstream medicine. Slow‐release morphine might represent a future treatment option that will improve long‐term outcomes for this target group. 相似文献
66.
Andrew J. Vickers Emily A. Vertosick George Lewith Hugh MacPherson Nadine E. Foster Karen J. Sherman Dominik Irnich Claudia M. Witt Klaus Linde 《The journal of pain》2018,19(5):455-474
Despite wide use in clinical practice, acupuncture remains a controversial treatment for chronic pain. Our objective was to update an individual patient data meta-analysis to determine the effect size of acupuncture for 4 chronic pain conditions. We searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials randomized trials published up until December 31, 2015. We included randomized trials of acupuncture needling versus either sham acupuncture or no acupuncture control for nonspecific musculoskeletal pain, osteoarthritis, chronic headache, or shoulder pain. Trials were only included if allocation concealment was unambiguously determined to be adequate. Raw data were obtained from study authors and entered into an individual patient data meta-analysis. The main outcome measures were pain and function. An additional 13 trials were identified, with data received for a total of 20,827 patients from 39 trials. Acupuncture was superior to sham as well as no acupuncture control for each pain condition (all P?<?.001) with differences between groups close to .5 SDs compared with no acupuncture control and close to .2 SDs compared with sham. We also found clear evidence that the effects of acupuncture persist over time with only a small decrease, approximately 15%, in treatment effect at 1 year. In secondary analyses, we found no obvious association between trial outcome and characteristics of acupuncture treatment, but effect sizes of acupuncture were associated with the type of control group, with smaller effects sizes for sham controlled trials that used a penetrating needle for sham, and for trials that had high intensity of intervention in the control arm. We conclude that acupuncture is effective for the treatment of chronic pain, with treatment effects persisting over time. Although factors in addition to the specific effects of needling at correct acupuncture point locations are important contributors to the treatment effect, decreases in pain after acupuncture cannot be explained solely in terms of placebo effects. Variations in the effect size of acupuncture in different trials are driven predominantly by differences in treatments received by the control group rather than by differences in the characteristics of acupuncture treatment.
Perspective
Acupuncture is effective for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal, headache, and osteoarthritis pain. Treatment effects of acupuncture persist over time and cannot be explained solely in terms of placebo effects. Referral for a course of acupuncture treatment is a reasonable option for a patient with chronic pain. 相似文献67.
Schawkat Khoschy Heinrich Henriette Parker Helen L. Barth Borna K. Mathew Rishi P. Weishaupt Dominik Fox Mark Reiner Caecilia S. 《Abdominal imaging》2018,43(12):3233-3240
Abdominal Radiology - To assess the extents of pelvic floor descent both during the maximal straining phase and the defecation phase in healthy volunteers and in patients with pelvic floor... 相似文献
68.
Hagen Sjard Bachmann Werner Meier Andreas du Bois Rainer Kimmig Jan Dominik Kuhlmann Winfried Siffert Jalid Sehouli Kerstin Wollschlaeger Jens Huober Peter Hillemanns Alexander Burges Barbara Schmalfeldt Behnaz Aminossadati Pauline Wimberger 《British journal of clinical pharmacology》2015,80(5):1139-1148
Aim
Despite promising preclinical findings regarding clinical utility of farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTI), such as lonafarnib, success of clinical trials is limited. A multicentre AGO-OVAR-15 phase II trial reported an unfavourable effect of lonafarnib on the outcome of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. This study was performed as a genetic subgroup analysis of the AGO-OVAR-15 trial, and investigated the utility of the promoter polymorphism rs11623866 of the farnesyltransferase ß-subunit gene (FNTB) in predicting the clinical effectiveness of lonafarnib.Methods
The influence of rs11623866 (c.-609G > C) on FNTB promoter activity was investigated by electrophoretic-mobility-shift assay, luciferase-reporter assay and RT-qPCR. A total of 57 out of 105 patients from the AGO-OVAR-15 trial, treated with carboplatin and paclitaxel ± lonafarnib, was genotyped for rs11623866 by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Genotype-dependent survival analysis was performed by Kaplan–Meier analysis.Results
The presence of the G allele was associated with increased FNTB promoter activity compared with the C allele. An unfavourable effect of lonafarnib was limited to patients carrying a GG genotype (HRPFS 6.2, 95%CI = 2.01, 19.41, P = 0.002; HROS 9.6, 95%CI = 1.89, 48.54, P = 0.006). Median progression free survival (PFS) for patients with the GG genotype in the lonafarnib treated arm was 10 months, whereas median PFS without FTI-treatment was 40 months. Median overall survival (OS) in the lonafarnib-treated group was 19 months, whereas median OS was not reached in the untreated group.Conclusions
Discrepancies between preclinical success and clinical failure may be due to the patients'' genetic variability of FNTB. Therefore, our results may encourage retrospective evaluation of FNTB polymorphisms in previous FTI studies, especially those reporting positive FTI response. 相似文献69.
Weidner Kathrin Behnes Michael Schupp Tobias Hoppner Jorge Ansari Uzair Mueller Julian Lindner Simon Borggrefe Martin Kim Seung-hyun Huseyinov Aydin Ellguth Dominik Akin Muharrem Meininghaus Dirk Große Bertsch Thomas Taton Gabriel Bollow Armin Reichelt Thomas Engelke Niko Reiser Linda Akin Ibrahim 《Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology》2022,63(1):13-20
Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology - The study sought to assess the prognostic impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with electrical storm (ES). ES represents a... 相似文献
70.