Mouse homologues of the human AZF candidate gene RBM are expressed in spermatogonia and spermatids, and map to a Y chromosome deletion interval associated with a high incidence of sperm abnormalities

An RNA-binding motif (RBM) gene family has been identified on the human Y chromosome that maps to the same deletion interval as the 'azoospermia factor' (AZF). We have identified the homologous gene family (Rbm) on the mouse Y with a view to investigating the proposal that this gene family plays a role in spermatogenesis. At least 25 and probably >50 copies of Rbm are present on the mouse Y chromosome short arm located between Sry and the centromere. As in the human, a role in spermatogenesis is indicated by a germ cell-specific pattern of expression in the testis, but there are distinct differences in the pattern of expression between the two species. Mice carrying the deletion Yd1, that maps to the proximal Y short arm, are female due to a position effect resulting in non-expression of Sry ; sex-reversing such mice with an Sry transgene produces males with a high incidence of abnormal sperm, making this the third deletion interval on the mouse Y that affects some aspect of spermatogenesis. Most of the copies of Rbm map to this deletion interval, and the Yd1males have markedly reduced Rbm expression, suggesting that RBM deficiency may be responsible for, or contribute to, the abnormal sperm development. In man, deletion of the functional copies of RBM is associated with meiotic arrest rather than sperm anomalies; however, the different effects of deletion are consistent with the differences in expression between the two species.      

Immune responses to the expressed products of the CSP antige n gene of Plasmodium falciparum southern China isolate FCC1/HN in Hela cell

Objective To construct a eukaryotic expression system with pcDNA3-PfCSP/Hela for the Circ umsporozoite protein (CSP) gene of Plasmodium falciparum (P.falciparum), t o observe the immune responses in BALB/c mice induced by the expressed proteins .Methods The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-PfCSP was transformed into the Hela cell line. The expressed protein was isolated and analyzed by using SDS-PAGE and used for immunization of BALB/c mice by subcutaneous, intravenous, and intraperitone al adminstration.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), Dot-ELISA, Wester n blot, T lymphocyte proliferation test, natural killer cell(NKC) activity assay , and CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell detection were used for observation of humoral an d cellular immune responses.Results Immune sera strongly reacted with the expressed protein, antibody titer was up to 1∶6400 as detected by ELISA.Western blot analysis revealed a specific b and at 38.3 Kda.When the spleen cells of normal and immunized BALB/c mice we re specifically stimulated with expressed protein, the optical densities were 0 .12±0.03 and 0.34±0.04, respectively.The latter were significantly highe r than the former (P<0.01).We used the MTT colorimetric assay to measure NKC activity of mice spleen.The results showed that the NKC activity of immuni zed BALB/c mice was remarkably higher than that of the controls (P<0.05). CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were detected by using monoclonal antibody immunofluor escence methods.The results showed that the percentage of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells of immunized group were significantly higher than that of control group ( P<0.05).Conclusions The humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and elevated NKC activity to pr oducts made with a eukaryotic expression system could be specifically detected i n BALB/c mice.These findings indicate that the expressed protein could enhance the immune function in mice.     

消痔灵和强的松龙混合液治疗鼻息肉

0　引言　我科 1996 / 1998分别应用消痔灵与强的松龙混合液、消痔灵液、强的松龙液行鼻息肉内 ,鼻息肉蒂部注射治疗鼻息肉各 5 0例 ,并设对照组为鼻腔滴入及口服类固醇激素 5 0例 ,合计 2 0 0例 ,观察并对比其疗效 .1　对象和方法1.1　对象　男 12 8例 ,女 72例 ,年龄 8～ 78(平均 38)岁 ,病程 32 a～ 45 (平均 4.5 ) a.其中在本次治疗前做过一次鼻息肉摘除术后复发的 2 7例 ,做过 2次或 2次以上手术的 12例 .主要症状为鼻塞、流脓涕、头痛及嗅觉减退 .全部病例治疗前均行鼻窦 X线拍片 ,其中上颌窦炎 12 5例、筛窦炎 5 8例、蝶窦炎 2例、…     

Multigenic control of skin tumor susceptibility in SENCARA/Pt mice

Skin tumors induced in mice by initiation-promotion (2 microg DMBA-2 microg TPA) protocols were found to be under multigenic control. Eighty- one N2 mice from the cross (BALB/cAnPt x SENCARA/Pt)F1 x SENCARA/Pt that were either solidly resistant (no papillomas) or highly susceptible (> or = 7 papillomas/mouse) were subjected to a 'genome scan' using 89 microsatellite markers to check for associations with susceptible and resistant phenotypes. A locus on Chr 5 (Skts4) was found to control the susceptibility of SENCARA/Pt mice and the resistance of BALB/cAnPt mice to papilloma formation. In addition, higher than expected linkage scores were seen for the markers D9Mit271, D11Mit268 and D12Mit56. Further work is required to establish whether genes determining papilloma formation are located in these regions of the genome. In general, no evidence was seen for loss of heterozygosity in microsatellite markers on Chrs 5, 9 and 11 in 17 microdissected papillomas from (BALB/c x SENCARA)F1 hybrid mice.      

DNA vaccination using bacillus Calmette-Guerin-DNA as an adjuvant to enhance immune response to three kinds of swine diseases

In order to enhance the immune efficacy of DNA vaccination, experiments were conducted to investigate the regulating effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin （BCG）-DNA as an adjuvant on immune responses of mice against foot-and-mouth disease （FMD）, Aujeszky＇s disease （AID） and classical swine fever （CSF）. BCG-DNA was purified from BCG by ion-exchange chromatography. Three DNA vaccines （pVSG, pVgD and pVE2） against the respective infection were constructed, and BCGDNA was coimmunized to mice by muscle injection. The results showed that titres of specific immunoglobulin （Ig）G to the vaccines mounted remarkably in the sera of the adjuvant covaccinated mice （P〈0.01）. Antibody isotype IgG2a and IgG1 also increased, respectively, in mice coimmunized with BCG-DNA compared with those of the control groups （P〈0.01）. Cellular immune cytokine interferon-gamma and cytotoxic T lymphocytes were detected in coimmunized BCG-DNA groups （P〈0. 05）. Whereas interleukin-4, humoral immune cytokine, was not significant （P〉 0. 05）. These results suggest that codelivery of BCG-DNA with DNA vaccines against FMD, AjD and CSF can enhance the induction of antigen-specific, especially, cell-mediated immunity.     

6－甲氧基正丁苯酞在大鼠肝微粒体中的代谢研究

报道了用ＧＣ／ＭＳ方法及衍生化技术研究６甲氧基正丁苯酞（ＭＢＰ）在大鼠肝微粒体中的代谢转化结果。６甲氧基正丁苯酞在苯巴比妥（ＰＢ）诱导的大鼠肝微粒体中主要转化为３羟基、γ羟基取代物，６羟基正丁苯酞与一个环氧化代谢产物     

临床感染病原菌菌种分布及其耐药性分析

目的了解笔者所在医院2008年度临床感染病原菌的菌种分布及其耐药现状。方法用VITEK微生物自动鉴定仪鉴定菌种,纸片扩散法检测临床分离菌对各种抗菌药物的敏感性,判读标准参照当年的CLSI M100文件。结果临床分离的1900株病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌、革兰阳性球菌和真菌所占比例分别为68.42%、18.16%和12.32%。分离率最高的五种病原菌:铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和白色假丝酵母菌,占所有分离病原菌的59.26%,排前20位的病原菌则占到近90%(89.63%)。革兰阴性杆菌仅对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、美洛培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦的平均耐药率低于30%,铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南、美洛培南的耐药率分别28.9%、32.9%和11.6%、24.7%,大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和奇异变形杆菌的ESBL阳性率分别是52.8%、37.2%和34.6%,金黄色葡萄球和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林株各占44.0%和60.0%,未检出万古霉素中介或耐药的葡萄球菌,检出万古霉素耐药的粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌各1株。念珠菌对氟康唑耐药率接近5%。结论临床感染病原菌构成变化不大,但真菌检出率逐年升高。非发酵菌耐药率最低的是头孢哌酮/舒巴坦,肠杆菌科耐药率最低的是亚胺培南,ESBL的阳性率逐年升高。加强病原菌及其耐药性检测和监测,对病原学诊断及指导合理选用抗生素具重要参考价值。     

羧乙基锗倍半氧化物对正常和异丙基肾上腺素损伤培养乳鼠心肌细胞的影响

羧乙基锗倍半氧化物(Ge—132)能促进培养乳鼠心肌细胞DNA和RNA的合成,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,维持细胞膜结构的稳定。异丙基肾上腺素可使心肌细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放增加,细胞搏动停止,超微结构显示肌膜和线粒体严重受损。Ge—132可显著减少异两基肾上腺素引起心肌细胞释放LDH,维持细胞的搏动功能和超微结构的完整。     

苦楝化学成份的研究

从苦楝(Melia azedarach L.)果中分得苦楝新醇(Ⅰ),苦楝醇(Ⅱ)、苦楝酮(Ⅲ)、苦楝二醇(Ⅳ)、香草醛(Ⅴ)和香草酸(Ⅵ)。根据波谱(IR,MS,~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR)分析和理化常数测定,确定了它们的结构。其中苦楝新醇(Ⅰ)为新化合物,对菜青小虫有一定的拒食活性。     

国产麻黄的形态组织学研究——Ⅱ.西南主产种及其它种

本文报道我国西南产麻黄——丽江麻黄Ephedra likiangensis Florin、匍枝丽江麻黄E.likiangensis f.mairei(Florin)C.Y.Cheng、藏麻黄E.saxatilis Royle ex Florin、山岭麻黄E.gerardiana Wall、垫状山岭麻黄E.gerardiana Var.congesta C.Y.Cheng、矮麻黄E.minuta Florin和异株矮麻黄E.minuta var.dioeca C.Y.Cheng,以及形态组织特征较特殊的宁夏产斑子麻黄E.lepidosperma C.Y.Cheng、新疆产窄膜麻黄E.lomatolepis Schrenk,西藏产西藏中麻黄E.intermedia var.tibetica Stapf的生药形态组织学研究结果。并根据对国产麻黄的生药形态组织学的系统研究结果,分别编写了各种国产麻黄(包括13种3变种1变型)的生药性状和生药显微特征检索表。