对青少年特发性脊柱侧弯患者的体感诱发电位检查

本体感觉神经传导异常被认为与青少年特发性脊柱侧弯有关。用体感诱发电位检查在青少年特发性脊柱侧弯患者中是否合并存在本体感觉传导通道的功能异常。研究包括147例青少年特发性脊柱侧弯患者及31位同年龄分布正常对照。对每一位受试者检查胜后神经体感皮质诱发电位，电信号缺失、传导时间延长或双侧传导时间不对称为本体感觉传导通道结构性异常诊断指标。在脊柱侧弯患者中有7人电信号单或双侧缺失，其余140例脊柱侧弯患者中10例传导时间延长，其中4例双侧延长，6例单侧延长。结果证实，部分青少年特发性脊柱侧弯患者同时有本体感觉传导异常，提示青少年特发性脊柱侧弯可进一步分为有本体感觉传导异常及无异常两组。     

METABOLIC EVENTS IN INFANTS OF DIABETIC MOTHERS DURING FIRST 24 HOURS AFTER BIRTH I.

ABSTRACT. Changes in plasma glucose, nonantibody-bound insulin and glucagon concentrations were studied in 32 newborn infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) during the first 24 hours after birth. Ten infants were born to White class A mothers and 22 to class B-F mothers. The infants were kept fasting during the investigative period and blood was sampled from an umbilical artery catheter. At birth, plasma glucose and glucagon levels were similar in the class A and B-F infants, whereas nonantibody-bound insulin levels were approximately 15-fold higher in the class B-F infants than in the class A infants (p<0.001). After birth, plasma glucose fell in all infants, the nadir being reached at two hours (p<0.01). Plasma glucose fell by approximately 35 % in the class A infants and 63 % in the class B-F infants (p<0.01). Eight IDM had asymptomatic hypoglycemia (plasma glucose <1.9 mmol/l) and four of these infants had glucose levels below 1.7 mmol/l and were withdrawn from further study. In the remaining four hypoglycemic IDM, plasma glucose was about 1.6-fold higher (p<0.01) and insulin about 11-fold higher (p<0.001) at birth compared to the 24 normoglycemic IDM. The hypoglycemia was attended by unchanged insulin levels in the class A infants, whereas insulin fell in the class B-F infant (p<0.01). However, during the whole investigative period, plasma insulin of the class B-F infants was higher than that of the class A infants (p<0.01). After birth, plasma glucagon increased slowly in all IDM and peak values were reached after 12 hours in the class A infants (p<0.05) and 24 hours in the class B-F infants (p<0.01). Only those infants who became hypoglycemic after birth exhibited a significant increment in plasma glucagon from 0-2 hours (p<0.05). These results suggest that neonatal hypoglycemia of IDM results from high plasma levels of nonantibody-bound insulin together with a very retarded increment in plasma glucagon levels. The degree of neonatal hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia of an individual IDM seems to be positively correlated to the severity of the diabetes of the mother.     

大孔树脂紫外分光光度法测定皮炎宁中醋酸地塞米松含量

目的 :建立医院制剂皮炎宁的含量测定方法。方法 :采用D 1 0 1大孔树脂分离纯化、紫外分光光度法测定皮炎宁中醋酸地塞米松的含量。结果 :平均回收率为 99.7% ,RSD =1 .2 1 %。结论 :该法简便、快速、准确、重现性好 ,对医院制剂快速分析很适用     

Both K-ras and H-ras protooncogene mutations are associated with Harderian gland tumorigenesis in B6C3F1 mice exposed to isoprene for 26 weeks

Isoprene is the 2-methyl analog of 1,3-butadiene, a genotoxic and carcinogenic compound in rats and mice. Male B6C3F1 mice were exposed to 0, 2200 or 7000 ppm isoprene by inhalation (6 h/day; 5 days/week) for 26 weeks. Following a 26-week recovery period, an increased incidence of Harderian gland (HG) neoplasms was observed at both concentrations. The present study was designed to characterize genetic alterations in the K-ras and H-ras protooncogenes in HG neoplasms. Mutations in K-ras and H-ras were identified by single-strand conformational analysis and direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified DNA, isolated from paraffin-embedded sections of HG neoplasms. A higher frequency of ras mutations, in particular K- ras mutations, was detected in isoprene-induced neoplasms than in 1,3- butadiene-induced or control HG neoplasms. All of the isoprene-induced HG neoplasms exhibited activated K-ras (60%) or H-ras (40%) mutations. In contrast, ras mutations were detected in 69% of HG neoplasms from 1,3-butadiene exposed mice (14% K-ras and 55% H-ras) and in 56% of HG neoplasms obtained from control B6C3F1 mice (8% K-ras and 48% H-ras). The predominant mutations in isoprene-induced HG neoplasms, but not in previously or newly analysed 1,3-butadiene-induced HG neoplasms, consisted of A-->T transversions (CAA-->CTA) at K-ras codon 61 (15/30) and C-->A transversions (CAA-->AAA) at H-ras codon 61 (8/30). Two- thirds of the K-ras CTA mutations were detected in HG neoplasms from the 2200 ppm exposure group while one-third was present in the 7000 ppm group. Isoprene-induced HG neoplasms with K-ras or H-ras mutations had an elevated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) index, compared to spontaneous HG neoplasms without ras mutations. The high frequency and specificity of the ras mutation profile suggest that ras protooncogene activation contributes to isoprene-induced HG tumorigenesis.      

鸡胚对小鼠的耐缺氧及抗疲劳作用

目的:探讨鸡胚的耐缺氧及抗疲劳作用.方法:鸡胚按10, 20及30 mL/kg给受试小鼠灌胃连续20 d,进行耐缺氧及抗疲劳试验. 结果:鸡胚能延长小鼠常压缺氧下存活时间及断头后张口喘气时间,并使血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力显著增强(P<0.01).结论:鸡胚有耐缺氧及抗疲劳作用.     

Loss of myeloid differentiation antigens precedes blastic transformation in chronic myelogenous leukemia

In order to determine whether antigenic patterns alter with disease progression and are thereby suggestive of impending blast crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia, 50 bone marrow biopsy specimens from 32 patients were examined retrospectively using indirect immunoperoxidase labeling with three monoclonal antibodies that detect myeloid antigens. Monoclonal antibodies PMN13F6, PMN7C3, and PMN8C7 detect human neutrophil antigens that first appear at the myeloblast, promyelocyte, and metamyelocyte stages of differentiation, respectively, and persist throughout later differentiation. Percentages of antigen-positive bone marrow cells during the chronic phase were compared with percentages of antigen-positive cells at blast transformation, and time from bone marrow biopsy until blast crisis was correlated with the percentage of bone marrow cells expressing these antigens. Bone marrow biopsy samples from patients in the chronic phase who continue to remain clinically stable 4 to 106 months after biopsy expressed PMN13F6 antigen on 82% +/- 9% (mean +/- SD) of cells, PMN7C3 antigen on 62% +/- 14% of cells, and PMN8C7 on 68% +/- 14% of cells. Bone marrow biopsy specimens obtained from patients 1 or more years prior to blast transformation expressed PMN13F6 antigen on 81% +/- 12%, PMN7C3 antigen on 71% +/- 16%, and PMN8C7 on 64% +/- 16% of cells. Bone marrow biopsy samples obtained between 2 months and 1 year prior to blast crisis expressed PMN13F6 antigen on 68% +/- 15%, PMN7C3 on 51% +/- 17%, and PMN8C7 antigen on 46% +/- 18% of cells. Bone marrow biopsy specimens taken at the time of blast transformation expressed PMN13F6 antigen on 20% +/- 25%, PMN7C3 antigen on 19% +/- 25%, and PMN8C7 antigen on 13% +/- 25% of cells. The difference between the mean of antigen-positive cells from bone marrow biopsy samples obtained at the time of blast crisis was significant compared with the mean of positive cells from biopsy specimens obtained at all other phases of the disease (P less than .001 for all three antibodies). There was a positive correlation between loss of myeloid antigens and disease progression as determined by simple regression of log time and correlation analysis (PMN13F6, r = .6533, P less than .005; PMN7C8, r = .6304, P less than .005; PMN8C7, r = .5215, P less than .05). There was a negative correlation between percentage of immature cells and time to blastic crisis (r = -.6206, P less than .005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Comparison of hematopoietic progenitor cells in human umbilical cord blood collected from neonatal infants who are small and appropriate for gestational age

BACKGROUND: Cord blood has been used for transplantation. The purpose of this study was to compare numbers of hematopoietic progenitors in cord blood collected from neonatal infants who are small for their gestational age and those who are normal. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Sixteen pregnant women diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction were prospectively identified. Cord blood was collected at delivery. Fourteen cord blood samples were obtained from gestational age-matched, appropriately grown newborns. In vitro assays for hematopoietic progenitors were performed and results of the two compared. Comparisons were also made with numbers of hematopoietic progenitor cells previously found by this laboratory in samples collected with the possibility of use for transplantation. RESULTS: Gestational age, the women's pregnancy and delivery histories, maternal risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction, maternal age, delivery method, umbilical cord blood gases, and 5-minute Apgar scores were similar in the two groups. Newborns who were small for their gestational age had significantly lower birth weights and longer stays in the neonatal intensive care unit with no evidence for viral infections in the immediate neonatal period. The mean number of progenitors per collection of cord blood in the small newborns was about half that per collection from appropriately grown newborns, but in most cases, these differences were not significant in the two groups, and many numbers in the small newborns fell within the range associated with successfully engrafting cord blood collections. CONCLUSION: Hematopoietic progenitor cells in the small newborns may be adequate for transplantation purposes in many cases. Their possible use in this context should, however, involve careful consideration of the numbers of progenitors collected as well as of possible viral or other contamination.