In-depth proteomic analysis of human tropomyosin by top-down mass spectrometry

Tropomyosins (Tms) are a family of highly conserved actin-binding proteins that play critical roles in a variety of processes, most notably, in the regulation of muscle contraction and relaxation. It is well known that different Tm isoforms have distinct functions and that altered expression of Tm isoforms could lead to changes in cardiac structure and function. To precisely define Tm isoform expression in the human heart, towards a better understanding of their functional roles, we have employed top-down mass spectrometry for in-depth proteomic characterization of Tm isoforms. Using a minimal amount of human heart tissue from rejected donor organs, we confirmed the presence of multiple Tm isoforms including α-Tm, β-Tm and κ-Tm in the human heart, with α-Tm being the predominant isoform, followed by minor isoforms of β-Tm and κ-Tm. Interestingly, our data revealed regional variations of Tm isoforms and post-translational modifications in the human heart. Specifically, the expression level of κ-Tm was highest in the left atrium but nearly undetectable in the left ventricle. The phosphorylation level of α-Tm (_pα-Tm) was significantly higher in the atria than it was in the ventricles. The sequences of all Tm isoforms were characterized and the sites of post-translational modifications were localized. Clearly, top-down mass spectrometry is an attractive method for comprehensive characterization of Tm isoforms and post-translational modifications since it can universally detect and quantify all types of protein modifications without a priori knowledge and without the need for specific antibodies.     

冲吸钝性解剖法在急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的探讨冲吸钝性解剖法在急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)中的应用价值。方法 2002年9月～2009年4月,110例急性胆囊炎行LC,切断胆囊管前常规行冲吸钝性解剖法暴露肝总管。结果 108例LC成功,2例因为严重的腹腔粘连而中转开腹。手术时间28～120 min,平均52 min。术后住院3～7 d,平均4 d。无胆道损伤、胆漏、术中出血等并发症。93例随访1～72个月,平均25个月,无腹痛、发热、黄疸等症状发生。结论在急性胆囊炎LC术中应用冲吸钝性解剖法能有效防止术中胆道损伤,安全可靠,值得临床推广。     

Occurrence,Spatial Distribution and Health Risk of Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in Source Water in the Lower Yangtze River,China

The occurrence and health risk of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), a brominated flame retardant with its three diastereoisomers, in drinking water sources in the lower Yangtze River in China was investigated. Its concentration ranged from 0.58 to 3.71 ng/L and averaged at 1.18 ng/L. Among the three diastereoisomers of α-, β- and γ-HBCD, γ-HBCD was the dominant one accounting for 44% (ranging 27–82%) to the total concentration. Source of HBCD in the contaminated site was discussed according to its spatial distribution and diastereoisomer profile. The margin of exposure (MOE) approach was applied to evaluate the health risk of HBCD through drinking water by estimated exposure and derived reference dose. The MOE was 17 for adults and 12 for children in the worst-case scenario, suggesting a trivial health concern.

     

偶然情绪的效价和强度对风险决策的交互影响

目的:探讨不同的情绪效价和情绪强度如何交互影响风险决策.方法:随机选取191名大学生参加实验,参考强迫选择赌博范式,使用E-prime 2.0程序编制金钱赌博游戏任务;采用4(情绪效价:控制、中性、消极、积极)X3(情绪强度:低强度、中等强度、高等强度)的二因素混合实验设计,记录被试风险决策的反应时和风险规避比率.结果...     

Effects of β-endosulfan on the growth and reproduction of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Because of persistent organic pollution in aquatic environments, the widely used organochlorine pesticide endosulfan, which is a potential endocrine disruptor, is expected to pose a significant risk to aquatic organisms. In the present study, we explored the potential endocrine-disrupting risk of β-endosulfan by investigating its effect on the growth, reproduction, plasma vitellogenin, and organ histology of adult zebrafish. We found that, although β-endosulfan did not significantly affect the growth of zebrafish, it greatly decreased the hatching rate, even at a concentration as low as 10 ng/L. Interestingly, the decrease of the hatching rate was highly correlated with pathological alterations of the testes. Additionally, the values of the gonadosomatic index were significantly reduced in female zebrafish treated with 200 ng/L β-endosulfan, which was also closely associated with ovarian histological changes. More importantly, a significant increase in the level of vitellogenin was observed in all male fish treated with β-endosulfan. Based on these findings, we conclude that β-endosulfan severely affects the reproductive function of zebrafish and the synthesis of vitellogenin in the liver, and thus, β-endosulfan has a serious endocrine disruption function in zebrafish.     

马桑内酯致癫痫大鼠黑质网状部的形态计量研究

用光镜和电镜定量研究了马桑内酯致SD大鼠急性局灶型癫痫发作1小时后黑质网状部的结构变化，与对照组（5只）比较，在实验组（5只）脑的重量，体积及黑质横切面积均无明显改变的前提下，实验组黑质网状部单位面积内神经元数量，神经元胞体，胞核的直径以及神经元胞体，胶质胞体，血管和神经毡的面积分数均无显著性变化，表明实验组黑质网状部神经元的数目及大小没有显著性变化，实验组神经元胞体内粗面内质网，游离核糖体的面积分数以及游离核糖体的数密度显著减少，神经元胞质基质的面积分数则显著增加，线粒体，高尔基复合体和溶酶体的面积分数无显著性改变，马桑内酯所致急性局灶型癫痫发作1小时，黑质网状部神经元的粗面内 质网和游离核糖体的显著减少，表明该神经元合成蛋白质的活性有所减弱，本文对该结果的意义进行了讨论。     

马桑内酯癫痫大鼠海马的形态计量研究

用１０只健康成年ＳＤ大鼠，５只实验鼠在左侧大脑皮质前肢运动区注射ＣＬ３．８μｌ诱发癫痫；５只对照鼠注射等量生理盐水，无癫痫发作。在癫痫鼠发作６０分钟后与对照鼠同时取脑，比较海马的结构。发现癫痫鼠海马ＣＡ１区锥体细胞粗面内质网、溶酶体和线粒体的面积分数显著增加，表明癫痫发作６０分钟，海马ＣＡ１区锥体细胞已发生了某些超微结构改变，这为进一步研究癫痫脑神经元损伤的可复性打下了基础。     

Effect of Ligustrazine on Nitric Oxide Contents in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma of Patients with Cerebral Infarction

Effect of Ligustrazine on Nitric Oxide Contents in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma of Patients with Cerebral Infarction@李德洋@石义亭@陈玉萍@李茹@戴锋     

The chest X-ray image features of patients with severe SARS: a preliminary study

Infectiousatypicalpneumonia (IAP)isarespiratoryinfectiousdiseasethatwasfirstreportedinNovember 2 0 0 2inGuangdong ,China Itwasnamedsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome (SARS)byWorldHealthOrganization (WHO)andhasoccurredinmorethan 30countriesandregionsaroundtheworlduntilnow 1,2 　Inthepresentstudy ,weretrospectivelyanalyzedthechestX rayimagingfeaturesof36patientswithsevereSARSadmittedtoourhospitalfromFebruary 2toApril 16 ,2 0 0 3,whichmaybehelpfulforclinicaldiagnosisandtreatment METHODSDi…     

2011年NSFC中药学科面上、青年、地区基金项目申请与资助情况分析

介绍2011年国家自然科学基金委员会医学八处中药学科申请和资助的面上项目、青年科学基金项目、地区科学基金项目的情况,总结这些项目的特点和存在的问题,旨在为中药学科研工作者的基金申请提供参考。