Adrenergic facilitation of GABAergic transmission in rat entorhinal cortex

Whereas the entorhinal cortex (EC) receives noradrenergic innervations from the locus coeruleus of the pons and expresses adrenergic receptors, the function of norepinephrine (NE) in the EC is still elusive. We examined the effects of NE on GABA(A) receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the superficial layers of the EC. Application of NE dose-dependently increased the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) recorded from the principal neurons in layer II/III through activation of alpha(1) adrenergic receptors. NE increased the frequency and not the amplitude of miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs) recorded in the presence of TTX, suggesting that NE increases presynaptic GABA release with no effects on postsynaptic GABA(A) receptors. Application of Ca(2+) channel blockers (Cd(2+) and Ni(2+)), omission of Ca(2+) in the extracellular solution, or replacement of extracellular Na(+) with N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG) failed to alter NE-induced increase in mIPSC frequency, suggesting that Ca(2+) influx through voltage-gated Ca(2+) or other cationic channels is not required. Application of BAPTA-AM, thapsigargin, and ryanodine did not change NE-induced increase in mIPSC frequency, suggesting that Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores is not necessary for NE-induced increase in GABA release. Whereas alpha(1) receptors are coupled to G(q/11) resulting in activation of the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway, NE-mediated facilitation of GABAergic transmission was independent of PLC, protein kinase C, and tyrosine kinase activities. Our results suggest that NE-mediated facilitation of GABAergic function contributes to its antiepileptic effects in the EC.     

用包涵体复性的方法制备重组人白细胞介素-1受体拮抗剂

通过大肠杆菌将IL-1ra表达成包涵体,将包涵体用8M尿素溶解后,稀释4倍后直接用离子交换柱层析进行复性和纯化,复性后得到的IL-1ra纯度大于95%,生物活性大于1×105IU/mg,内毒素含量也比较低。Western-Blotting印迹也表明重组蛋白具有IL-1ra的抗原活性。     

上矢状窦旁桥静脉的显微解剖与影像学观察

目的:通过对上矢状窦(SSS)旁大脑桥静脉的显微解剖、影像学观察及其对照研究,为各种纵裂间手术入路中桥静脉的保护提供基础。方法:分别对30例(60侧)上矢状窦和颈内静脉内灌注蓝色乳胶的成人头颅湿标本、40侧DSA静脉相和16侧CTV进行显微解剖和影像学观察。结果:上矢状窦前部和后部分别有一缺乏桥静脉注入段,显微解剖、DSA和CTV观察上矢状窦旁桥静脉的数量分别为11.2支、8.9支和7.0支,DSA和CTV观察发现桥静脉注入上矢状窦处常显示不清。结论:熟悉和比较上矢状窦旁桥静脉的解剖学和影像学特征有利于各种纵裂间手术入路和手术过程中桥静脉的保护。     

小鼠小脑皮质的组织发生

目的:探讨小鼠小脑皮质的组织发生过程。方法:应用光镜和电镜技术对胚胎和生后小脑皮质进行形态学观察,对各层厚度和细胞密度进行测量。结果:胚胎12 d(E12)小脑原基有室管膜层、套层和边缘层构成,约出生当日(P0)出现外颗粒层、分子层、Purkinje细胞层和内颗粒层。外颗粒层P6/7达最厚,至P20消失。P0至P30内颗粒层细胞逐步分化发育成熟,Purkinje细胞树突树逐渐形成,约P7时Purkinje细胞排列成单层。结论:E12至P0片层化小脑主要经历了细胞增殖、分化与迁移;P0至P30片层化结构逐渐发育成熟,外颗粒层消亡以细胞迁移和凋亡为主,其他各层细胞主要经历了分化发育与凋亡。     

应用胸部CT和血清CYFRA21-1、NSE检测诊断肺癌

目的:探讨胸部CT和血清CYFRA21-1、NSE检测及其联合应用诊断肺癌的价值.方法:选择肺肿瘤患者60例,全部行胸部CT检查和血清CYFRA21-1、NSE 二种肿瘤标志物检测,分别计算二种方法诊断肺癌的灵敏度、特异性和准确性并加以比较.结果:CT诊断肺癌灵敏度为91.3%,特异性为71.4%,准确性为86.7%;CYFRA21-1、NSE诊断肺癌灵敏度为71.7%,特异性为85.7%,准确性为75.0%;CT诊断肺癌具有较高的灵敏度,但特异性较低,而血清CYFRA21-1、NSE诊断肺癌灵敏度较低,但特异性较高.结论:胸部CT和血清CYFRA21-1、NSE检测在肺癌的诊断中具有重要价值,二者联合应用诊断肺癌具有互补作用.     

动物实验模型中多极导管心室除颤系统电除颤对心脏功能的影响

评价新型的双极和三极导管自动心室除颤系统电除颤对左心室收缩和舒张功能的影响。动物麻醉后,在X光机指导下,分别在10只犬心脏内装置双极导管自动除颤系统（组Ⅰ）;在10只猪心脏内装置三极导管自动除颤系统（组Ⅱ）;并行电除颤试验。使用食管超声心动图在电除颤前后记录二维、M型和多谱勒超声图像。组I动物接受4次电除颤,电量为64J;组Ⅱ接受平均8次电除颤,电量为210J。结果显示：左室收缩面积分数、左室等容舒张时间和二尖瓣血流E波与A波速度比值以及时间-流速积分比值等反映左室舒缩功能的指标在两组动物除颤后均无显著改变。研究表明：两种经静脉导管自动心室除颤系统中反复低能量心内膜电除颤对左室舒缩功能无明显损伤作用;研究结果为经静脉多极导管自动心室除颤系统在临床的应用和电生理研究提供了可靠的实验数据。     

小儿输尿管异位开口的磁共振尿路造影表现

为探讨小儿输尿管异位开口的MR尿路造影(MRU)表现及其诊断优势,回顾性分析4例小儿输尿管异位开口的临床资料及MR表现。结果发现4例输尿管异位开口病例中,肾发育不良伴输尿管异位开口2例,重复肾伴输尿管异位开口1例,交叉异位发育不良肾伴输尿管异位开口1例。MR轴位和MRU检查均可显示引流的输尿管和异位开口部位。所以结合MRU检查和临床表现多数病例能够做出输尿管异位开口正确诊断。     

Role of Epstein-Barr virus encoded latent membrane protein 1 in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Epstein-Barr virus （EBV）-encoded latent membrane protein 1 （LMPI） has been known to have oncogenic properties during latent infection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC）. Our studies focused on the role of LMP1 in NPC, and showed that LMP1 triggers the NF-κB, AP-1 and STAT signaling pathways. Strikingly, LMP1 was found to mediate the formation of a new heterodimer between c-Jun and JunB. Also, we have identified JAK/STAT and PI-PLC-PKC activation triggered by LMP1 through upregulating the expression of JAK3 and enhancing the phosphorylation of STATo The constitutive activation of these signaling cascades explains LMP1＇s ability to induce such a diverse array of morphological and phenotypic effects in cells and provides insight into how LMP1 may induce cell transformation, in which multihit targeted genes in the downstream play an essential role. All signaling cascades triggered by LMP1 ultimately lead to the disruption of the cell cycle： the acceleration of G1/S phase and the arrest of G2/M phase. We also found that LMP1 induced the expression of hTERT and promoted cell immortalization. Importantly, by intervening physical intracellular signal transduction pathways and disturbing the progression of the cell cycle, LMP1, an important oncoprotein encoded by EBV, is thought to be a key modulator in the pathogenesis of NPC. Interfering LMP1 signaling could be a promising strategy to target the malignant phenotype of NPC. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology.     

急性脑梗死患者血浆NPY、CGRP及血清IGF-Ⅰ水平测定

目的:探讨脑梗死患者血浆NPY、CGRP及血清IGF-Ⅰ水平的变化及其临床意义.方法:随机选择了32例脑梗死患者,采用放射免疫分析分别测定了患者治疗前后的血浆NPY、CGRP及血清IGF-Ⅰ水平,并将组间的差异进行了统计学处理及分析.结果:32例脑梗死患者治疗前NPY水平较对照组升高极显著(P＜0.01),CGRP及IGF-Ⅰ水平则较对照组下降均非常显著(P均＜0.01);经治疗患者血浆NPY水平较治疗前已显著降低(P＜0.05),血浆CGRp及血清IGF-Ⅰ水平较治疗前则均明显上升(P均＜0.05).结论:脑梗死患者血浆NPY、CGRP及血清IGF-Ⅰ水平的变化与其发病关系密切,其测定对于了解患者的病情程度及制订治疗方案有重要临床价值.