基于反向滤波器的倒谱法估计平均骨小梁间距

目的 探讨用改进的倒谱方法估计平均骨小梁间距(mean trabecular bone spacing,MTBS)的可行性.方法 提出了一种基于反向滤波器的改进的倒谱分析方法用于估计MTBS,并将该方法应用于仿真及离体牛胫骨松质骨中的实验信号.结果 改进的倒谱方法能有效减少超声换能器脉冲响应和组织散射特性对倒谱的干扰,而且实现简单,计算量小.结论 相比于传统的倒谱方法,改进的倒谱方法在估计MTBS时, 对弥散散射和噪声有更强的鲁棒性,因此估计MTBS的精度更高.     

曲马多对母婴乳酸盐和新生儿神经行为的影响

目的　研究曲马多对母婴血乳酸盐和新生儿神经行为与适应能力评分 (NACS)的影响。方法　 6 0例足月妊娠剖宫产产妇随机分三组 :T0 组 ,2 0例 ,肌注 0 9%氯化钠 2ml;T1组 2 0例 ,肌注曲马多 1 5mg/kg ;T2 组 ,2 0例 ,肌注曲马多 2mg/kg。各组肌注后开始麻醉 ,三组均采用脊麻与硬膜外联合阻滞。观察指标 :新生儿生后 15min的Apgar评分及新生儿生后 15min的NACS ;胎儿娩出时采脐动、静脉血和母体动脉血各 2ml,行血乳酸值测定及血气分析。结果　三组新生儿Apgar评分无明显差异 ,T0 组NACS明显高于T1组 (P <0 0 5 )和T2 组 (P <0 0 1) ;T2 组脐动、静脉血乳酸值明显高于T1组 (P <0 0 5 )和T0 组 (P <0 0 1) ;母体乳酸值三组间无明显差异 ;T2 组母体和脐动、静脉血PaCO2 明显高于T0 组 (P <0 0 1) ,T2 组脐动、静脉血SaO2 明显低于T0 组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　剖宫产术前肌注曲马多 1 5mg/kg对新生儿无明显不良影响。但 2mg/kg曲马多肌注具有呼吸抑制作用 ,使脐动、静脉血乳酸盐增加 ,对新生儿NACS有一过性影响     

Nonhuman primates express human leukemia-associated antigens

Serologic studies using four murine monoclonal antibodies specific for the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) and five monoclonal antibodies specific for the gp24 surface antigen indicate that these leukemia-associated antigens are present on cells of comparable tissues in man and in four nonhuman primates. As in man, adherent cell populations obtained from skin, lung, and bone marrow of Macaca fascicularis, M mulatta, M nemestrina, and Papio cynocephalus react with these antibodies. Similarly, granulocytes from both man and these nonhuman primates bind CALLA- and gp24-specific antibodies. Radioimmune precipitation experiments confirm the identity of these antigens. Our studies suggest that nonhuman primates can be used to screen serologic reagents to leukemia-associated antigens for potential toxic effects on normal tissues prior to their use in man. Similarly, nonhuman primates could be employed to assess the possible role of antigen-positive stromal cells in the reconstitution of bone marrow following transplantation.     

上调肝脏HO-1抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒减轻大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤

目的 探索HO-1对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤中肥大细胞脱颗粒的影响。方法 将20只SD大鼠随机分成4组：假手术组（Sham组）,缺血再灌注损伤组（I/RI组）,HO-1诱导剂钴原卟啉组(CoPP组,术前24h给予CoPP,5 mg/kg)及HO-1抑制剂锌原卟啉组(ZnPP组,术前24h给予ZnPP,20 mg/kg)。建立大鼠缺血再灌注损伤模型,各组于再灌注后2h收集标本。RT-PCR检测肝脏组织HO-1 mRNA表达,Western blot检测肝脏组织HO-1蛋白表达;测定血清中ALT、AST水平;肝脏组织甲苯胺蓝染色检测肥大细胞脱颗粒数量,HE染色评价肝脏组织损伤情况。结果 与Sham组相比,I/RI组、CoPP组、ZnPP组大鼠组织HO-1 RNA和蛋白表达增加,血清ALT、AST水平升高,肥大细胞脱颗粒数量增多,肝脏细胞损伤加重。CoPP组与I/RI组相比,HO-1 mRNA和蛋白表达增加,血清ALT、AST水平减低,肥大细胞脱颗粒数量减少,肝细胞损伤减轻。ZnPP组与I/RI组相比,HO-1 mRNA和蛋白表达减少,血清ALT、AST水平升高,肥大细胞脱颗粒数量增多、肝细胞损伤严重。组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 HO-1过表达能减轻肝脏I/RI,其机制可能与抑制肝脏组织中肥大细胞脱颗粒有关。     

骨质疏松症中医体质与辨证分型的相关性研究——附300例临床分析

目的 探讨骨质疏松症中医体质与辨证分型之间的相关性。方法 按照中西医诊断标准,将确诊的骨质疏松症患者进行中医体质分类与中医辨证分型的临床研究,找出其相关性与规律性,并进行总结。 结果 对300例患者进行中医辨证分型发现脾胃气虚证最多,占总病例数的23.00%,其次为肝肾不足证,占22.00%,以后依次为肾阳虚证、肾阴虚证、气血不足证、血瘀证、骨痿证、肝气郁结证、痰湿证、湿热证;在9种体质分类中阴虚质发病率排在第一位,其次为气虚质,以后依次为阳虚质、血瘀质、特禀质、平和质、痰湿质、湿热质与气郁质。结论 提示9种中医体质中阴虚质与气虚质发病率较高, 辨证分型中发病率较高的2个证型是脾胃气虚型与肝肾阴虚型。说明了体质类型与OP发病率有密切的相关性。     

臂丛神经根性损伤膈神经移位术对青壮年患者早期呼吸功能的影响

目的研究臂丛神经损伤膈神经移位术对青壮年患者早期呼吸功能的影响.方法对16例接受膈神经移位治疗的患者,在术前、术后（10 d）进行肺功能指标的比较,同时定期进行门诊随访,观察呼吸系统自觉症状程度.结果13例术后出现了不同程度的供氧不足症状,16例全部出现一侧膈肌抬高,术后第10天肺活量（VC）、肺活量预计值百分数（VC%）分别比术前减少37.98%和26.88%,两者差异有统计学意义（tvc=11.532、tvc%=0,P＜0.01）.其它项目如残气量（RV）较术前轻度下降,肺总量（TLC）下降值达到术前肺总量的36.49%,残气量/肺总量比值（RV/TLC%）较术前上升了4.75%,上述各指标的差值均有统计学意义.1 s用力呼气量/用力肺活量比值（FEV1/FVC）和术前比基本无改变,但其差值有统计学意义.膈神经移位右侧（10例）与左侧（6例）术前、术后肺活量比较差异有统计学意义.术后随访8个月～2年,所有患者均无明显呼吸困难和胸闷等症状.结论膈神经移位术后对青壮年患者肺容量有较大的丧失,肺通气功能减弱和小气道阻力增加,但其丧失程度在机体自身代偿耐受范围内,不会导致急剧发生的严重呼吸功能障碍.建议对右侧臂丛神经根性损伤的患者,术前进行严格的肺、心功能检查,避免发生较为严重的并发症.     

改良性治疗法联合西地那非治疗勃起功能障碍维吾尔族患者2505例回顾性分析

目的:性治疗法目前尚未普及,本研究旨在评价性治疗法联合西地那非治疗勃起功能障碍(ED)的疗效。方法:根据治疗方法的不同将在本院治疗随访过的3130例维吾尔族ED患者分成2组。对照组625例,单纯口服西地那非3个月;试验组2505例,采用性治疗法联合西地那非治疗3个月。采用国际勃起功能问卷表(IIEF-5)在各组治疗前、后进行疗效评估,并随访12个月。结果:对照组治疗前、后及在6个月、12个月随访的IIEF-5评分分别为12.80±3.76、18.10±2.61、17.35±2.73和16.64±2.63;试验组治疗前、后及在6个月、12个月随访的IIEF-5评分分别为12.73±3.52、19.06±4.07、19.86±2.42和20.47±2.38。两组治疗前后IIEF-5评分自身对比差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。组间比较,试验组较对照组6个月和12个月随访IIEF-5评分均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:性治疗法联合西地那非治疗ED的效果优于单纯西地那非治疗,并在12个月的随访中稳定性良好。     

寰椎椎弓根螺钉置钉技巧探讨

[目的]探讨寰椎椎弓根螺钉固定治疗寰枢椎不稳的置钉技巧。[方法]总结2000年10月～2008年9月应用寰椎椎弓根螺钉技术治疗寰枢椎不稳患者66例,置钉132枚。术中在直视下依据手感行寰椎椎弓根螺钉置钉,复位固定。[结果]本组66例132枚螺钉均成功置入,复位固定满意。术中未发现脊髓、神经根、椎动脉等损伤。术后患者症状及神经脊髓功能均有不同程度恢复。96枚螺钉术后行CT检查,其中91枚位置良好(94.89%)。全部病例内固定无松动、断裂,植骨均融合。[结论]术前影像学测量,术中显露寰椎后弓、直视下依据手感置钉、X线确定进钉方向,是安全置钉的技巧。     

Pseudoaneurysm detection with Tc-99m-labeled red blood cells

A technique for the noninvasive diagnosis of pseudoaneurysms is described. This method employs in vivo labeling of red blood cells with Tc-99m to allow better delineation of the vascular anatomy than standard radionuclide angiography. Four cases are illustrated.     

NB4 cells show bilineage potential and an aberrant pattern of neutrophil secondary granule protein gene expression

NB4 is an acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line that has been shown to be inducible to terminal neutrophil maturation with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). HL60 cells are differentially inducible with 12-O- tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to monocytes or granulocytes, respectively. HL60 cells induced with DMSO undergo defective neutrophil maturation, manifested by a coordinate failure of secondary granule protein gene expression. We observed a similar defect in granulocytic maturation in ATRA-induced NB4 cells. In addition, because normal promyelocytes are known to have bilineage potential, we have investigated differentiation along monocytoid lines induced with TPA. We observed a striking phenotypic change along monocytoid/macrophage lines with TPA induction. Flow cytometry showed a TPA-induced increase in HLA-DR expression, and Northern blot analysis showed induction of expression of CD18, c-fos, and human neutrophil gelatinase (HNG). HNG is unique among the neutrophil secondary granule protein genes in that it is expressed in both the neutrophil and monocyte lineages. This again parallels our findings in TPA-induced HL60 cells, which retain the ability to express HNG. These findings confirm bilineage potential in NB4 cells. They also support the hypothesis of coordinate neutrophil secondary granule protein gene expression and a defect in this control as part of the leukemic phenotype.