细胞外基质蛋白1在肝癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨细胞外基质蛋白1（extracellular matrix protein1,ECMl）在肝癌中的表达及意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学EnVision法,检测肝脏细胞株（正常肝细胞株LO2、肝癌细胞株HepG2）和肝脏组织（正常肝组织和肝癌组织）中ECM1的表达,并比较正常肝组织和肝癌组织之间的ECM1表达差异。结果：ECM1的表达如下：正常肝细胞株LO2（-）,肝癌细胞株HepG2（＋）;正常肝组织阳性率20％（4／20）,肝癌组织阳性率85．4％（70／82）。统计分析表明,对ECM1的表达,肝癌组织明显高于正常组织（P〈0．01）。结论：ECM1在肝癌组织中过表达。     

Mutations in the COPII Vesicle Component Gene SEC24B are Associated with Human Neural Tube Defects

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are severe birth malformations that affect one in 1,000 live births. Recently, mutations in the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway genes had been implicated in the pathogenesis of NTDs in both the mouse model and in human cohorts. Mouse models indicate that the homozygous disruption of Sec24b, which mediates the ER‐to‐Golgi transportation of the core PCP gene Vangl2 as a component of the COPII vesicle, will result in craniorachischisis. In this study, we found four rare missense heterozygous SEC24B mutations (p.Phe227Ser, p.Phe682Leu, p.Arg1248Gln, and p.Ala1251Gly) in NTDs cases that were absent in all controls. Among them, p.Phe227Ser and p.Phe682Leu affected its protein stability and physical interaction with VANGL2. Three variants (p.Phe227Ser, p.Arg1248Gln, and p.Ala1251Gly) were demonstrated to affect VANGL2 subcellular localization in cultured cells. Further functional analysis in the zebrafish including overexpression and dosage‐dependent rescue study suggested that these four mutations all displayed loss‐of‐function effects compared with wild‐type SEC24B. Our study demonstrated that functional mutations in SEC24B might contribute to the etiology of a subset of human NTDs and further expanded our knowledge of the role of PCP pathway‐related genes in the pathogenesis of human NTDs.     

Lentivirus-based RNA Silencing of Nemo-like Kinase (NLK) Inhibits the CAL 27 Human Adenosquamos Carcinoma Cells Proliferation and Blocks G0/G1 Phase to S Phase

Background: The Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase that involved in a number of signaling pathways regulating cell fate. Variation of NLK has been shown to be associated with the risk of cancer. However, the function of NLK in oral adenosquamous carcinoma cells line CAL-27 is unknown.Methods: In this study, we evaluated the function of NLK in CAL-27 cells by using lentivirus-mediated RNA silence. The targeted gene expression, cell proliferation and cell cycle are investigated by RT-PCR, western-blot, MTT method, colony forming assay and flow cytometry analysis respectively.Results: After NLK silencing, the number of colonies was significantly reduced (54±5 colonies/well compared with 262±18 colonies/well in non-infected or 226±4 colonies/well in negative control group (sequence not related to NLK sequence with mismatched bases). Using crystal violet staining, we also found that the cell number per colony was dramatically reduced. The RNA silencing of NLK blocks the G0/G1 phase to S phase progression during the cell cycle.Conclusions: These results suggest that NLK silencing by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference would be a potential therapeutic method to control oral squamous carcinoma growth.     

Controlled assembly of filamentous viruses into hierarchical nano- to microstructures at liquid/liquid interfaces

Recently, viruses have been regarded as useful molecular assemblies for materials applications rather than as disease-causing agents. The orderly assembled structures of the viruses are highly related to the resultant properties and functions of the assemblies; however, methods to control the assembly are still limited. Here, we demonstrated the assembly of filamentous viruses into hierarchical nano- to microstructures at liquid/liquid interfaces through emulsification in a controlled manner. The viruses form fibrous nanostructures of several micrometers length, which are much longer than the original virus. Subsequently, the fibers self-assemble into well-packed ordered microstructures. Furthermore, the resultant hierarchically assembled structures showed long-term stability and potential applicability through the desired functionalization.

Assembly of filamentous viruses into hierarchical nano- to microstructures in a controlled manner was demonstrated using the liquid/liquid interface.     

Ultrafine Co3O4 nanolayer-shelled CoWP nanowire array: a bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting

The development of bifunctional electrocatalysts based on highly efficient non-noble metals is pivotal for overall water splitting. Here, a composite electrode of Co₃O₄@CoWP is synthesized, where an ultrathin layer composed of Co₃O₄ nanoparticles is grown on CoWP nanowires supported on a carbon cloth (CC). The Co₃O₄@CoWP/CC electrode exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity and improved kinetics towards both the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER). The Co₃O₄@CoWP/CC electrode achieves a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² at a low overpotential of 269 mV for the OER and −10 mA cm⁻² at 118 mV for the HER in 1.0 M KOH solution. The voltage applied to a two-electrode water electrolyzer for overall water splitting, while employing the Co₃O₄@CoWP/CC electrode as both an anode and a cathode, in order to reach a current density of 10 mA cm⁻², is 1.61 V, which is better than that for the majority of reported non-noble electrocatalysts. Moreover, the Co₃O₄@CoWP/CC electrode exhibits good stability over 24 h with slight attenuation. The electrode benefits from the enhanced adsorption of oxygen intermediates on Co₃O₄ during the OER, the increased ability for water dissociation and the optimized H adsorption/desorption ability of CoWP nanowires during the HER. This study provides a feasible approach for cost-effective and high-performance non-noble metal bifunctional catalysts for overall water electrolysis.

A hierarchical 3D self-supporting CoWP nanowire array shelled with an ultrathin Co₃O₄ nanolayer on carbon cloth (Co₃O₄@CoWP/CC) exhibits superior overall water electrolysis capability.     

High performance of boehmite/polyacrylonitrile composite nanofiber membrane for polymer lithium-ion battery

In this study, a novel boehmite/polyacrylonitrile (BM/PAN) composite nanofiber membrane was prepared using the electrospinning technique. The physical and electrochemical properties of different contents of BM/PAN composite nanofiber membranes were investigated as separators for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Compared to the commercial polypropylene (PP) separator, the experimental results show that the BM/PAN composite nanofiber separator possesses a unique three-dimensional (3D) interconnected structure and exhibits higher porosity, greater electrolyte up-take, higher thermal stability and better electrochemical performance in a LiCoO₂/Li cell. Besides, batteries containing 30 wt% BM/PAN membranes display the highest ionic conductivity (2.85 mS cm⁻¹), widest electrochemical stability window (5.5 V vs. Li⁺/Li), leading to the highest initial discharge capacity (162 mA h g⁻¹) and the largest capacity retention ratio (90.7%) at 0.5C after 100 cycles. These findings reveal that the BM/PAN composite nanofiber membranes are promising candidates as commercial separators for high performance LIBs.

In this study, a novel boehmite/polyacrylonitrile (BM/PAN) composite nanofiber membrane was prepared using the electrospinning technique.     

Application of hyperspectral imaging for spatial prediction of soluble solid content in sweet potato

Visible and near infrared (Vis-NIR) hyperspectral imaging was used for fast detection and visualization of soluble solid content (SSC) in ‘Beijing 553’ and ‘Red Banana’ sweet potatoes. Hyperspectral images were acquired from 420 ROIs of each cultivar of sliced sweet potatoes. There were 8 and 10 outliers removed from ‘Beijing 553’ and ‘Red Banana’ sweet potatoes by Monte Carlo partial least squares (MCPLS). The optimal spectral pretreatments were determined to enhance the performance of the prediction model. Successive projections algorithm (SPA) and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) were employed to select characteristic wavelengths. SSC prediction models were developed using partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector regression (SVR) and multivariate linear regression (MLR). The more effective prediction performances emerged from the SPA–SVR model with R_p² of 0.8581, RMSEP of 0.2951 and RPD_p of 2.56 for ‘Beijing 553’ sweet potato, and the CARS–MLR model with R_p² of 0.8153, RMSEP of 0.2744 and RPD_p of 2.09 for ‘Red Banana’ sweet potato. Spatial distribution maps of SSC were obtained in a pixel-wise manner using SPA–SVR and CARS–MLR models for quantifying the SSC level in a simple way. The overall results illustrated that Vis-NIR hyperspectral imaging was a powerful tool for spatial prediction of SSC in sweet potatoes.

Visible and near infrared (Vis-NIR) hyperspectral imaging was used for fast detection and visualization of soluble solid content (SSC) in ‘Beijing 553’ and ‘Red Banana’ sweet potatoes.     

A density functional theory study on silver and bis-silver complexes with lighter tetrylene: are silver and bis-silver carbenes candidates for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition? Insight from molecular docking simulation

Ribavirin and remdesivir have been preclinically reported as potential drugs for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection, while light silver tetrylene complexes (NHE_Ph–AgCl and (NHE_Ph–AgCl)₂ with E = C, Si, and Ge) have gained significant interest due to their promising applicability on the cytological scale. Firstly, the structures and bonding states of silver–tetrylene complexes (NHE–Ag) and bis-silver–tetrylene complexes (NHE–Ag-bis) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) at the BP86 level with the def2-SVP and def2-TZVPP basis sets. Secondly, the inhibitory capabilities of the carbene complexes (NHC–Ag and NHC–Ag-bis) and the two potential drugs (ribavirin and remdesivir) on human-protein ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 protease PDB6LU7 were evaluated using molecular docking simulation. The carbene ligand NHC bonds in a head-on configuration with AgCl and (AgCl)₂, whereas, the other NHE (E = Si and Ge) tetrylene ligands bond in a side-on mode to the metal fragments. The bond dissociation energy (BDE) of the NHE–Ag bond in the complex families follows the order of NHC–Ag > NHSi–Ag > NHGe–Ag and NHSi–Ag-bis > NHGe–Ag-bis > NHC–Ag-bis. The natural bond orbital analysis implies that the [NHE_Ph→AgCl] and [(NHE_Ph)₂→(AgCl)₂] donations are derived mainly from the σ- and π-contributions of the ligands. The docking results indicate that both the ACE2 and PDB6LU7 proteins are strongly inhibited by silver–carbene NHC–Ag, bis-silver–carbene NHC–Ag-bis, ribavirin, and remdesivir with the docking score energy values varying from −17.5 to −16.5 kcal mol⁻¹ and −16.9 to −16.6 kcal mol⁻¹, respectively. The root-mean-square deviation values were recorded to be less than 2 Å in all the calculated systems. Thus, the present study suggests that silver–carbene NHC–Ag and bis-silver–carbene NHC–Ag-bis complexes are potential candidates to inhibit ACE2 and PDB6LU7, and thus potentially conducive to prevent infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Simultaneous inhibition of silver–carbene complexes to ACE2 and PDB6LU7 is conducive for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a virtual prediction.     

近10年我国护理人文关怀能力测评工具研究现状的文献计量学分析

目的:了解我国护理人文关怀量表的研制与应用现状。方法:采用文献计量法和内容分析法对我国2010年1月—2019年12月发表的护理人文关怀量表研制与应用的相关文献进行分析。结果:共纳入文献21篇,其中学位论文14篇(66.67%),期刊文献7篇(33.33%)。第一作者分布于我国11个省、1个直辖市。发文量排名前3位的为湖北省(3篇)、重庆市(3篇)、贵州省(3篇)。发文量排名前3位的单位为遵义医学院(3篇)、南方医科大学(2篇)、华中科技大学(2篇)。研究的核心对象为临床护士与护士长。结论:近10年我国有关护理人文关怀能力测评工具的研究数量逐渐增多;研究对象相对集中,且逐渐细分化;研究以独著为主且缺乏持续性。