液相色谱法测定吗氯贝胺及其多剂量口服后在人体的药动学(英文)

目的 :建立人血浆中吗氯贝胺的反相高效液相色谱检测方法 ,并研究中国健康男性志愿者多剂量口服吗氯贝胺后的药动学特征。方法 :采用反相高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中吗氯贝胺含量。血浆样品在碱性条件下 (pH 11)用二氯甲烷提取处理。色谱柱为 μ BondapakTM C18(12 5 ,10 μm ,3.9mm× 15 0mm)。流动相为乙腈 :0 .0 6 7mol·L- 1磷酸二氢钾溶液 (1∶5 ,V/V ,pH 2 .6 ) ,2 4 0nm检测。内标为甲氧氯普胺。应用 3P97程序拟合药动学参数。结果 :吗氯贝胺在 4 0～ 4 0 0 0 μg·L- 1范围内线性关系良好 (r =0 .9999) ,方法回收率在 99%～10 3%之间 ,日内日间RSD小于 8.14 %。吗氯贝胺血药浓度 时间曲线符合一室模型 ,主要稳态药动学参数Cmax为 (3911± 14 2 ) μg·L- 1;Tmax为 (1.4 2± 0 .2 0 )h ;T1/2 (kel) 为 (2 .6± 0 .3)h ;AUC0 2 4 为(2 2 5 83± 182 1) μg·h·L- 1;MRT为 (4.76± 0 .2 5 )h ;CL/F(s) 为 (2 1.2± 1.2 )L·h- 1。结论 :该方法快速、准确、灵敏度高、专属性强 ,可应用于吗氯贝胺的血药浓度测定     

Early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma: radiotherapy dose and time factors in tumor control

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate radiotherapy dose and length of treatment in the control of early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with a combination of external radiotherapy and brachytherapy, MATERIALS & METHODS: We reviewed the records of 133 patients with early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage I or II, AJC/UICC staging system) who received definitive radiotherapy in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from 1979 to 1991. The median follow-up time was 7.1 years with a minimum of 2 years. All patients were treated with megavoltage external radiotherapy to the nasopharynx area (63-72 Gy) followed by high dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy (5-16.5 Gy in one to three fractions, spaced 1-2 weeks apart). The median total dose and time of irradiation was 75 Gy (69.8-81.4 Gy) and 11.6 weeks (7.8-20 weeks) respectively. Survival analysis was used to examine the effect of several variables on prognosis. RESULTS: The 5-year rates were 86.4% for local control, 84.7% for disease free survival, 88.5% for actuarial survival and 84.2% for overall survival. The treatment group (combination of time and dose of irradiation) was the most important prognostic factor according to Cox's proportional hazard model. Patients receiving radiation at a total dose of < or = 75 Gy completed in < 12 weeks showed the best prognosis. CONCLUSION: Treatment time and total treatment dose are both important factors in treating early stage NPC. Decreasing the total radiation time to < 12 weeks and not exceeding a radiation dose of 75 Gy gave the best results.      

孤立性肺结节的高分辨CT

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甲醇合成过程中基于MAS的故障诊断方法

针对甲醇合成生产过程的特点和故障产生机制,将多智能体系统(MA S)技术引入到生产过程的故障诊断中,把生产过程划分为一些相对独立的组件,分派特定的诊断智能体对其进行故障诊断,通过智能体之间的协作,充分利用过程中的局部信息而给出整个过程的故障诊断结果。通过仿真实验,得到了满意的结果。     

Direct uterine sampling with the Tao brush sampler using a liquid‐based preparation method for the detection of endometrial cancer and atypical hyperplasia

BACKGROUND.

Endometrial cytology sampling devices for direct uterine sampling have been shown in previous studies to be a reliable and relatively painless method for detecting endometrial lesions. The purpose of the current study was to determine the performance characteristics of endometrial cytology for the detection of malignancy and atypical hyperplasia using liquid‐based cytology specimens collected with the Tao brush sampler.

METHODS.

Brushings of the endometrial cavity were obtained from 139 hysterectomy specimens before routine histopathologic evaluation. Cytology specimens were fixed in PreservCyt and processed using ThinPrep technology. Cytology diagnoses were classified as nondiagnostic, negative, atypical, or positive for malignancy. Histopathologic findings were used as the gold standard for determining the performance characteristics of cytology.

RESULTS.

Histopathologic results from the 139 patients included 81 (58%) endometrial cancers, 7 (5%) complex hyperplasias with atypia, 2 (1%) complex hyperplasias without atypia, and 49 (35%) patients with benign histology. The number of specimens diagnosed cytologically as positive, atypical, negative, or nondiagnostic was 60 (43%), 40 (29%), 37 (27%), and 2 (1%) specimens, respectively. The overall sensitivity and specificity of cytology for detecting endometrial cancer and atypical hyperplasia were 95% and 66% when atypical cytology specimens were considered positive.

CONCLUSIONS.

The results of the current study indicate that direct endometrial sampling by liquid‐based endometrial cytology collected with the Tao brush sampler produces specimens that contain cellular material that may be identified as endometrial cancer or atypical hyperplasia. Both atypical and positive cytology diagnoses are indicators for triage to more specific methods of diagnosis. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society     

Electrochemical Impedance Investigation of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Electrospun TiO2 Nanofibers Photoanodes

This work investigates an electrochemical impedance analysis based on synthesized TiO₂ nanofibers (NFs) photoanodes, which were fabricated via electrospinning and calcination. The investigated photoanode substrate NFs were studied in terms of physicochemical tools to investigate their morphological character, crystallinity, and chemical contents via scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. As a result, the studied photoanode substrate NFs were applied to fabricate dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs), and the electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS) was studied in terms of equivalent circuit fitting and impacts of N-doping, the latter of which was approved via XPS analysis. N-doping has a considerable role in the enhancement of charge transfers, which could be due to the strong interactions between active-site N atoms and the used photosensitizer.     

Synthesis and Characterization of the Mixed Metal Oxide of ZnO-TiO2 Decorated by Polyaniline as a Protective Film for Acidic Steel Corrosion: Experimental,and Computational Inspections

In this work, the preparation, characterization, and evaluation of a novel nanocomposite using polyaniline (PANi) functionalized bi-metal oxide ZnO-TiO₂ (ZnTiO@PANi) as shielding film for carbon steel (CS)-alloy in acidic chloride solution at 298 K was studied. Different spectroscopic characterization techniques, such as UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) approaches, as well as other physicochemical methods, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), were used to describe the produced nanocomposites. The significance of these films lies in the ZnO-TiO₂ nanoparticle’s functionalization by polyaniline, a material with high conductivity and electrochemical stability in acidic solutions. The mechanistic findings of the corrosion inhibition method were obtained by the use of electrochemical methods including open-circuit potentials (OCP) vs. time, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate that the synthesized ZnTiO@PANi is a powerful acidic corrosion inhibitor, and its inhibition effectiveness is 98.86% in the presence of 100 ppm. Additionally, the charge transfer resistance (R_p) value augmented from 51.8 to 432.7, and 963.7 Ω cm² when the dose of PANi, and ZnTiO@PANi reached 100 ppm, respectively. The improvement in R_p and inhibition capacity values with an increase in nanocomposite dose is produced by the nanocomposite additives covering a larger portion of the surface, resulting in a decrease in alloy corrosion. By identifying the probable regions for molecule adsorption on the steel substrate, theoretical and computational studies provided significant details regarding the corrosion mitigation mechanism. The possibility of substituting old poisonous small substances with inexpensive and non-hazardous polymeric materials as shielding layers for utilization in the oilfield sectors is an important suggestion made by this research.     

Ultra-low detection limit chemoresistive NO2 gas sensor using single transferred MoS2 flake: an advanced nanofabrication

In this work, a method of fabricating a NO₂ nano-sensor working at room temperature with a low detectable concentration limit is proposed. A 2D-MoS₂ flake is isolated by transferring a single MoS₂ flake to SiO₂/Si substrate, followed by applying an advanced e-beam lithography (EBL) to form a metal contact with Au/Cr electrodes. The resulting chemoresistive nano-sensor using a single MoS₂ flake was applied to detect a very low concentration of NO₂ at the part-per-billion (ppb) level. This result is obtained due to the ability to create microscopic nano-sized MoS₂ gaps using e-beam lithography (300 nm–400 nm). Experimental results also show that the sensor can capture changes in concentration and send the information out extremely quickly. The response and recovery time of the sensor also reached the lowest point of 50 and 75 ms, outperforming other sensors with a similar concentration working range.

In this work, a method of fabricating a NO₂ nano-sensor working at room temperature with a low detectable concentration limit is proposed.     

半夏栽培生态学研究

目的 半夏栽培生态研究。方法 对半夏Pinellia ternata不同质量的种茎进行田间栽培实验。结果 半夏块茎收获量随种茎质量增加，但相对增重则随着种茎质量的增加而减少；子块茎、珠芽和种子数量随着块茎质量而增加，半夏繁殖系数随半夏种茎质量增大而增大；统计表明叶柄数量、地上部分干重、珠芽总数、最大株芽质量、花总数与种茎的质量呈极显著正相关；珠芽总数与叶柄数量呈极显著正相关；子块茎数与种茎的增重呈负相关，而叶柄数也与种茎增重负相关。结论 半夏栽培中营养生长与生殖生长、地上部分生长与地下部分生长相互制约。     

扶正煎治疗中晚期肺癌40例

采用扶正煎治疗中晚期肺癌40例,并设MVP方案治疗40例为对照组.结果治疗组生存1年以上者25例,1年生存率62.5%,中位生存期418天;对照组生存1年以上者11例,1年生存率27.5%,中位生存期234天.两组比较1年生存率有显著差异(χ2=9.90,P《0.01).其中治疗组鳞癌I期9例,Ⅳ期7例,1年生存率分别为55.56%、57.14%;对照组Ⅲ期9例,Ⅳ期16例,1年生存率分别为33.33%、12.50%.两组比较差异显著(χ2=5.45,P《0.05).实体瘤客观疗效治疗组PR5例,SD23例,PD12例;对照组PR6例,SD25例,PD9例.两组SD率比较无差异(χ2=0.21,P》0.05).