The procoagulant activity of red blood cells from patients with severe preeclampsia

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether red blood cells from patients with severe preeclampsia may exhibit increased membrane exposure of procoagulant phospholipids (i.e., phosphatidylserine), which may initiate intravascular clotting and platelet activation. STUDY DESIGN: The study group comprised 28 women: 9 with severe preeclampsia in the third trimester of pregnancy, 10 normotensive with uncomplicated pregnancies, and 9 age-matched, nonpregnant, healthy women. The exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer membrane phospholipid layer was analyzed with use of isolated, washed red blood cells that were added as a source of phospholipids to a “prothrombinase” coagulation complex. RESULTS: The resultant thrombin formed was measured by an amidolytic assay. Thrombin generation significantly increased on the addition of red blood cells from women with preeclampsia (741 ± 132 mU/ml/min) compared with red blood cells from normotensive pregnant (422 ± 228 mU/ml/min) and nonpregnant women (316 ± 268 mU/ml/min, p = 0.0008). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that in patients with preeclampsia the red blood cells exhibit a significant procoagulant surface that may trigger thrombin formation, thereby playing a role in the hypercoagulable state.(Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;177:6)     

The health care professional's attitudes towards brain death and cadaveric organ transplantation: the influence of cadaveric donor and transplantation programs--a Malaysian survey

One of the main reasons for poor response in organ donation is the lack of positive attitudes and knowledge present in health care professionals. Definite legislation, policies and programmes dealing with brain death and cadaveric organ transplantation have shown some favourable results in terms of increasing donor rates. These programmes are mainly Western based; therefore adopting such programmes to be used locally may not be adequate or proper. To address this issue, we decided to carry out a questionnaire in two tertiary hospitals in Malaysia, one with a well establish brain death and cadaveric organ transplantation programme and one with none.     

溴氰菊酯对PC12细胞Fas、FasL、TNFR1蛋白及凋亡的影响

背景与目的 :探讨溴氰菊酯诱导神经细胞凋亡及其神经毒作用机制。 材料与方法 :用免疫细胞化学法定性检测给予不同剂量水平(10 -4mol/L ,10 -5mol/L ,10 -6mol/L)的溴氰菊酯24h后 ,Fas、FasL、TNFR1蛋白在PC12细胞中的表达 ;流式细胞仪定量检测给予溴氰菊酯24h和48h后 ,Fas、FasL、TNFR1蛋白在PC12细胞中的相对表达量阳性细胞率(rateofpositivecells ,RPC)和平均荧光强度(meanfluorescenceintensity,MFI)及PC12细胞的凋亡率。 结果 :①Fas、FasL、TNFR1蛋白在对照组和各剂量组均为阳性表达 ,但镜下未见各蛋白在各组之间的差异表达。流式细胞仪检测发现 :染毒24h后 ,Fas、FasL蛋白在各组的表达没有差异 ,而TNFR1蛋白在中剂量和高剂量组的表达与对照组比较有升高 ;染毒48h后 ,Fas、FasL、TNFR1蛋白在高剂量组表达(MFI分别为42.85±8.4、37.91±1.65、8.09±1.83)与各自对照组比较均有升高。②染毒24h后 ,各剂量组凋亡率没有升高 ;染毒48h后 ,高剂量组凋亡率与对照组凋亡率比较有升高。③染毒48h组细胞凋亡率与溴氰菊酯浓度、Fas、Fasl蛋白含量有直线相关关系。 结论 :溴氰菊酯可能通过死亡受体Fas诱导PC12细胞凋亡。     

Perceptions of social stigma and its effect on interpersonal relationships of young males who experience a psychotic disorder

Background:  People with psychotic disorders experience high levels of disability and impairment as a result of their illness. Difficulty in the area of social relationships poses a substantial problem with the majority of people with psychosis being socially isolated. Many of them experience an unmet need for services.
Methods:  A focus group was conducted with the aim of investigating the perceived experience of six young men who had a psychotic disorder to gain an understanding of the impact this had on interpersonal relationships.
Results:  The major themes identified were: (i) a significant decrease in the internal and external control of one's life at the onset of illness; (ii) the effects of labelling and stigma on interpersonal relationships; and (iii) the change in self perception that these effects bring.
Conclusion:  The implications of the findings for rehabilitation interventions are presented, specifically psychosocial group interventions addressing interpersonal relationships.     

器械科(处)领导如何对医用耗材实施有效管理

医用耗材的有效管理对保证医疗质量具有重要意义,也是临床工程部门器械科(处)的主要任务之一.本文通过分析医用耗材特征,提出了医用耗材管理的基本目标和原则,并结合实践给出了构建管理基础及例外管理的具体措施,为器械科(处)领导实施耗材的有效管理提供参考.     

9岁女患儿的原发性气管雪旺细胞瘤（神经鞘瘤）

作者报道1例患原发性气管雪旺细胞瘤(神经鞘瘤)的9岁女患儿合并气道梗阻。CT扫描发现气管内多息肉样肿块,73%的管腔发生梗阻。行气管部分切除及吻合术。病检确诊为起源于雪旺细胞的良性神经源性肿瘤。9岁女患儿的原发性气管雪旺细胞瘤(神经鞘瘤)@Nio M. @Sano N. @Kotera     

Pivotal study of iodine-131-labeled chimeric tumor necrosis treatment radioimmunotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer.

PURPOSE: Tumor necrosis treatment (TNT) uses degenerating tumor cells and necrotic regions of tumors as targets for radioimmunotherapy. Previous studies in animal tumor models and clinical trials have demonstrated that when linked to the therapeutic radionuclide iodine-131, recombinant chimeric TNT antibody ((131)I-chTNT) can deliver therapeutic doses to tumors regardless of the location or type of malignancy. Therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of (131)I-chTNT in advanced lung cancer patients were studied in this pivotal registration trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with advanced lung cancer were treated with systemic or intratumoral injection of (131)I-chTNT in eight oncology centers in China. The objective response rate (ORR) was assessed as the primary end point. RESULTS: All 107 patients who were entered onto the study and completed therapy had experienced treatment failure after prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy a mean of three times. The results showed an ORR of 34.6% (complete response, 3.7%; partial response, 30.8%; no change, 55.1%; and progressive disease, 10.3%) in all patients and 33% in 97 non-small-cell lung cancer patients. A biodistribution study demonstrated excellent localization of the radioactivity in tumors in both systemically and intratumorally injected patients. The most obvious adverse side effect was mild and reversible bone marrow suppression. CONCLUSION: Radioimmunotherapy with (131)I-chTNT was well tolerated and can be used systemically or locally to treat refractory tumors of the lung.