Aldosterone biosynthesis in extraadrenal tissues

ＯｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅＴｏｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｗｈｅｔｈｅｒｅｘｔｒａａｄｒｅｎａｌｔｉｓｓｕｅｓｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｚｅａｌｄｏｓｔｅｒｏｎｅｉｎａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎｔｏｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｔｉｓｓｕｅａｎｄｂｒａｉｎ．ＭｅｔｈｏｄｓＥｘｖｉｖｏｋｉｄｎｅｙｐｅｒｆ...     

低分子肝素与分次给予普通肝素治疗进展型脑梗死临床疗效对比

目的观察普通肝素钠与低分子量肝素钠治疗进展型脑梗死临床疗效及其安全性。方法将72例急性进展性脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组(36例)与对照组(36例),两组除常规治疗外,治疗组加用肝素钠50mg,2/d静脉滴注,连用5d。对照组给予低分于肝素钠5000U皮下注射,2/d,连用5d,于治疗前和治疗后14d比较两组神经功能缺缺损程度评分。结果治疗组神经功能缺损积分较对照组明显减少(P>0.05)。结论普通肝素分次静点较低分子量肝素钠治疗进展型脑梗死疗效好且相对安全。     

卵巢病变的MRI诊断(附100例分析)

目的：探讨卵巢病变的MRI特征以提高MRI在卵巢病变诊断中的作用。方法：分析100例经手术病理证实的卵巢病变患者MRI征象,其中卵巢囊肿5例,巧克力囊肿16例,囊腺瘤17例,卵巢癌35例,转移性肿瘤4例,畸胎瘤21例,其它2例。结果：卵巢囊肿、巧克力囊肿、囊腺瘤及畸胎瘤MRI的诊断符合率为96．67％。MRI对卵巢良恶性病变的鉴别诊断价值大,但较难区分卵巢原发肿瘤与转移性肿瘤。MRI可提供卵巢癌分期所需的信息,增强扫描进一步提高了MRI对卵巢癌的诊断及分期的准确性。结论：MRI能准确判断卵巢病变的性质．评估卵巢癌分期及手术可行性,应列为术前常规检查。     

Syphilitic uveitis in HIV-positive patients: report of a case series, treatment outcomes, and comprehensive review of the literature

AIM: To report the clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of active syphilitic uveitis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients and compare them with the previously published data. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the case series from an infectious disease center in southern China was conducted. Comprehensive review of previously published cases of HIV positive syphilitic uveitis was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases and the references listed in the identified articles. RESULTS: Twelve HIV positive patients with active syphilitic uveitis were collected. All were male, with age of 36.3y (range 27 to 53y). Five (41.7%) had a history of syphilis, and three of them had received anti-syphilis treatment. Ocular manifestations included corneal epithelial defect (13%), complicated cataract (17.4%), vitreous opacity (82.6%), optic disc edema (26.1%), macular edema (30.4%), neuro-retinitis (43.5%), and retinal hemorrhage (26.1%). After standardized syphilitic treatment, intraocular inflammation was reduced and vision improved in all cases. The literature review summarizes 105 previously reported cases of HIV positive syphilitic uveitis. High serum rapid plasma regain (RPR) titers may be associated with severe uveitis and poor vision. Treatment with penicillin, ceftriaxone sodium, or penicillin plus benzylpenicillin instead of using benzylpenicillin alone can significantly improve best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in HIV positive ocular syphilis patients. CONCLUSION: For HIV positive syphilitic uveitis patients, prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment and follow-up are paramount. In our series, the clinical manifestations are diverse. Syphilis patients treated by penicillin G or long-acting penicillin before may still develop syphilitic uveitis. Patients who relapse after long-term penicillin treatment can still benefit from penicillin G.     

脊柱闭合不全的MR影像诊断：（一）开放性脊柱闭合不全

报告了６２例脊柱闭合不全的ＭＲ影像资料。根据骨缺损的程度，分为开放性脊柱闭合不全和隐性脊柱闭合不全。本组开放性脊柱闭合不全包括后位脊膜膨出５例、脂肪脊髓脊膜膨出１２例、脊髓囊状突出２例。根据突出物内ＭＲ信号强度的特点，ＭＲ可作出正确诊断。笔者认为，ＭＲ对开放性脊柱闭合不全的诊断和分类具有较高的价值，特别是在矢状面图像上，可清楚地显示病变的全貌。     

颅内血管性病变的磁共振时间飞跃法血流成像

报告了３０例颅内血管性病变的磁共振时间飞跃法（ＴＯＦ）血流成像资料，包括动脉瘤８例、动静脉畸形１３例和血管闭塞９例。其中２１例作了与ＤＳＡ的对照。结果发现，ＴＯＦ血流成像方法无创伤、危险小、检查时间短，对颅底动脉环和动脉瘤显示较好，可显示动静脉畸形（ＡＶＭ）的供血动脉和引流静脉，大血管的闭塞诊断准确。缺点是图像欠清晰、伪迹较多。三维成像分辨力高、图像对比好，但对慢血流不敏感。笔者认为ＭＲＴＯＦ血流成像具有明显的临床实用价值。