Improvement in Image Quality and Visibility of Coronary Arteries,Stents, and Valve Structures on CT Angiography by Deep Learning Reconstruction

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether a deep learning reconstruction (DLR) method improves the image quality, stent evaluation, and visibility of the valve apparatus in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) when compared with filtered back projection (FBP) and hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR) methods.Materials and MethodsCCTA images of 51 patients (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 63.9 ± 9.8 years, 36 male) who underwent examination at a single institution were reconstructed using DLR, FBP, and hybrid IR methods and reviewed. CT attenuation, image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and stent evaluation, including 10%–90% edge rise slope (ERS) and 10%–90% edge rise distance (ERD), were measured. Quantitative data are summarized as the mean ± SD. The subjective visual scores (1 for worst -5 for best) of the images were obtained for the following: overall image quality, image noise, and appearance of stent, vessel, and aortic and tricuspid valve apparatus (annulus, leaflets, papillary muscles, and chordae tendineae). These parameters were compared between the DLR, FBP, and hybrid IR methods.ResultsDLR provided higher Hounsfield unit (HU) values in the aorta and similar attenuation in the fat and muscle compared with FBP and hybrid IR. The image noise in HU was significantly lower in DLR (12.6 ± 2.2) than in hybrid IR (24.2 ± 3.0) and FBP (54.2 ± 9.5) (p < 0.001). The SNR and CNR were significantly higher in the DLR group than in the FBP and hybrid IR groups (p < 0.001). In the coronary stent, the mean value of ERS was significantly higher in DLR (1260.4 ± 242.5 HU/mm) than that of FBP (801.9 ± 170.7 HU/mm) and hybrid IR (641.9 ± 112.0 HU/mm). The mean value of ERD was measured as 0.8 ± 0.1 mm for DLR while it was 1.1 ± 0.2 mm for FBP and 1.1 ± 0.2 mm for hybrid IR. The subjective visual scores were higher in the DLR than in the images reconstructed with FBP and hybrid IR.ConclusionDLR reconstruction provided better images than FBP and hybrid IR reconstruction.     

阻塞性黄疸患者并发肾功能损害时血清一氧化氮的变化及其临床意义

目的　探讨阻塞性黄疸患者并发肾功能损害时血清一氧化氮 (NO)的变化及其临床意义。方法　对 2 5例阻塞性黄疸并发肾功能损害患者的血清NO、一氧化氮合成酶 (NOS)活性、BUN和Cr值进行检测 ,并以 2 6例健康者作为正常对照。结果　阻塞性黄疸组BUN和Cr高于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,而NO和NOS则低于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 1 )。相关分析显示 ,NO与BUN和Cr呈负相关关系 ,其相关系数分别为 - 0 .41 9和 - 0 .553(P<0 .0 1 )。结论　阻塞性黄疸并发肾功能损害时其血清NO和NOS下降 ,提示NO在阻塞性黄疸时对肾功能有一定保护作用     

“清宣理肺、舒风解痉”法对60例支气管哮喘急性发作期热哮患者肺功能、ACT评分及气道炎症因子影响

目的初步评价"清宣理肺、疏风解痉"中药复方治疗支气管哮喘急性发作期热哮患者的肺功能、ACT评分及气道炎症关键指标及免疫失衡相关炎症因子的影响,探讨中药治疗支气管哮喘急性发作中气道慢性炎症的演变,阐释中药作用机制,为中医药防治支气管哮喘提供研究思路和有效方剂。方法遵循随机、平行对照临床试验设计原则,将60例支气管哮喘发作期热哮患者随机分为两组,其中,中药组30例,西药组30例。中药组予"清宣理肺、疏风解痉"中药复方,1剂/d,分2次温服,西药组根据病情严重程度属于轻度持续者(哮喘控制水平第2级):普米克气雾剂,2喷/d,早晚各1次。病情严重程度属于中度持续者(哮喘控制水平第3级):舒利迭2吸/d,早晚各1次,疗程4周。观察比较治疗前后两组患者肺功能、ACT评分及气道关键炎性指标IL-8、IL-10、Ig E、ECP、IL-17、IL-33的变化。结果肺功能:中药组FVC、FEV1、PEF治疗前后比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05),治疗后明显改善; FEV1/FVC治疗前后比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05),治疗后无明显改变;西药组PEF比值治疗前后比较差异有统计...     

猫抓病合并吉兰-巴雷综合征1例报告并文献复习

猫抓病是由汉塞巴尔通体侵入人体后引起的一种感染性疾病,其临床表现多样,出现神经学表现者较为罕见,容易误诊。某院收治1例以"右侧腹股沟包块渐进性增大10 d,四肢麻木无力2 d"入院的45岁男性,病程中患者出现发热、右侧腹股沟淋巴结肿大、双下肢对称性瘫痪、感觉障碍,脑脊液检查示蛋白-细胞分离特征,诊断为吉兰-巴雷综合征,后经病理检查、既往猫抓咬史及宏基因组二代测序检出汉塞巴尔通体,最终确诊猫抓病。本文就该例猫抓病合并吉兰-巴雷综合征病例进行报告及文献复习,旨在提高临床对猫抓病的认识。     

小鼠黑色素瘤细胞外泌体促进成纤维细胞表达Rac1蛋白

目的:探讨小鼠黑色素瘤细胞外泌体对成纤维细胞表达Ras相关C3肉毒毒素底物1(Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1,Rac1)蛋白的影响。方法:超高速离心法分离小鼠黑色素瘤B16-F10细胞外泌体,电镜负染色观察外泌体的形态,纳米颗粒跟踪分析(nanoparticle tracking analysis,NTA)测定外泌体的粒径分布,Western blot鉴定外泌体标志蛋白肿瘤易感基因101(tumor susceptibility gene 101,Tsg101)和酪氨酸酶相关蛋白2(tyrosinase-related protein 2,Tyrp2)的表达;激光共聚焦显微镜观察在共培养过程中小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(mouse embryonic fibroblast,MEF)摄取外泌体的过程;免疫细胞化学染色和Western blot实验分析MEF表达Rac1蛋白的情况。结果:B16-F10细胞外泌体在电镜下呈典型茶托状形态,NTA测得其粒径范围在141～255 nm,Western blot测出其标志蛋白Tsg101和Tyrp2。激...     

Molecular dynamics simulation of adsorption and separation of xylene isomers by Cu-HKUST-1

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely used in the adsorption separation of various gases. A fundamental understanding of the effective separation of xylene isomers helps improve aromatic products'' separation efficiency and reduce industrial separation costs. Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations combined with Molecular Science is widely used to predict gas adsorption and diffusion in single crystals with metal–organic frameworks. We performed a GCMC + MD combined approach to study xylene isomers'' adsorption and separation in Cu-HKUST-1 to predict the permeability and selectivity of the ternary gas mixture in the MOF with the adsorption and diffusion usage data. Most current studies take into account the computational cost and difficulty. Most recent research models are limited to the adsorption of a single or specific molecule, such as hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, etc. For this reason, we report an attempt to study the adsorption separation of aromatic gases (p-xylene/o-xylene/m-xylene) based on Cu-HKUST-1 single-crystal materials based on some previous research methods with an appropriate increase in computational cost. To predict the adsorption selectivity and permeability of the ternary mixture of xylene isomers on the MOF surface, the model simulation calculates key parameters of gas adsorption, including gas adsorption volume (N), the heat of adsorption (Q_st), Henry coefficient (K), and diffusion coefficient (D).

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely used in the adsorption separation of various gases.     

中医药通过干预细胞自噬治疗纤维化疾病的研究进展

纤维化是指器官组织出现纤维结缔组织增多,实质细胞减少的现象。纤维化可发生于肺、心、肝、肾、皮肤等多处器官和组织,长期纤维化可导致其结构、功能的破坏和减退,严重时导致功能衰竭。研究表明,细胞自噬与纤维化疾病的发生、发展、转归过程有相关性,中医药治疗纤维化疾病疗效确切,其作用机制与细胞自噬及其相关因子或通路密切相关。现从对中医药通过干预细胞自噬过程,进而对维化疾病发挥治疗作用进行综述,以期深入挖掘中医药治疗纤维化疾病机制研究的新方向。     

运用数据挖掘技术分析针灸治疗高脂血症患者的选穴规律

目的：运用数据挖掘技术分析针灸治疗高脂血症患者的选穴规律。方法：检索1990年1月1日至2020年12月31日国家知识基础设施数据库（CNKI）、中国学术期刊数据库（CSPD）、中文科技期刊数据库（CCD）、Pubmed针灸治疗高脂血症的相关文献,建立针灸处方数据库,运用SPSS 20.0、SPSS Modeler 18.0软件进行统计分析,探究腧穴选用规律。结果：共纳入134篇文献,涉及177个针灸处方、88个腧穴,腧穴使用总频次1 207次。使用频次前10位的腧穴依次是足三里、丰隆、三阴交、中脘、脾俞、天枢、阴陵泉、太溪、肾俞、太白。常选用经脉为胃经、脾经、膀胱经,下肢及胸腹部腧穴使用较多,特定穴方面,主要选取合穴、募穴和交会穴,关联分析获得强关联腧穴配伍8组,其中足三里-三阴交居首位;聚类分析获得4个腧穴聚类群。结论：针灸治疗高脂血症多从脾论治,以调理脾胃功能为核心,足三里、丰隆、三阴交为核心腧穴,以辨证取穴为主,表里经配穴、远近配穴、前后配穴多种配穴方式相结合。