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排序方式: 共有1260条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
41.
David R. Matthews DPhil Carol Wysham MD Melanie Davies CBE April Slee PhD Maria Alba MD Mary Lee MPH Vlado Perkovic MBBS Kenneth W. Mahaffey MD Bruce Neal MB 《Diabetes, obesity & metabolism》2020,22(11):2199-2203
This study compared initiation of insulin and other antihyperglycaemic agents (AHAs) with canagliflozin versus placebo for participants with type 2 diabetes and a history/high risk of cardiovascular disease in the CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study (CANVAS) Program. After 1 year, fewer participants treated with canagliflozin versus placebo initiated any AHA (7% vs. 16%), insulin (3% vs. 9%) or any non-insulin AHA (5% vs. 12%) (P < .001 for all); overall AHA initiation rates increased over time but were consistently lower with canagliflozin compared with placebo. During the study, the likelihood of initiating insulin was 2.7 times lower for participants treated with canagliflozin compared with placebo (hazard ratio, 0.37; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.43; P < .001). The time difference between 10% of patients in the canagliflozin and placebo groups being initiated on insulin from the beginning of the trial was about 2 years. Time to initiation of other AHAs, including metformin, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sulphonylureas, was also delayed for canagliflozin versus placebo (P < .001 for each). Compared with placebo, canagliflozin delayed the need for initiation of other AHAs and delayed time to insulin therapy, an outcome that is important to many people with diabetes. 相似文献
42.
David Adlam BA BM BCh DPhil Nicholas Evans MB BCh Aneil Malhotra MA MB BCh Disha Midha BCom/BSc BM Felicity Rowley BSc BM BCh David Hutchings MB ChB Mirae Shin BM BCh Guy Mole BSc Alexander Stockenhuber Mark Lumb BM BCh Jonathan Wordsworth MA MB BCh Sophie Frantal MSc J. Colin Forfar MD PhD FRCP 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2012,80(4):539-545
Objectives : To investigate rates of and reasons for second and subsequent stent procedures in an unselected, “real‐world” population. Background : Repeat stenting is the primary difference reported in clinical trials of alternative revascularization strategies. The incidence, indication, and outcome for repeat stenting in contemporary practice outside the more selective populations of trials and registries has not been described. Method : All patients undergoing a first percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedure with stenting from January 2001 to August 2009 (10,509) from a large UK tertiary referral and district general hospital were identified. Mortality and the incidence, timing, and indication for repeat revascularization in this population were investigated from patient records. Results : Of 10,509 patients undergoing a first PCI and stent implant 23.5% underwent repeat angiography of which 11.2% required repeat PCI and 2% coronary artery bypass grafting (median follow‐up of 3.8 years). A total of 1.3% went on to a third PCI. The commonest indication for repeat stenting was disease progression remote from the original stent (46%) and planned staged PCI (23%); 21% had a stent‐related indication. Functional assessment before repeat stenting was used in one‐third of stable patients. Mortality was 2.5% per annum. Conclusions : In contemporary practice, patients undergoing a first stenting procedure have a low subsequent mortality, and the substantial majority (86.4%) requires no further revascularization over a median 3.8 year follow‐up. For those who do require repeat stenting, this is most commonly at a site remote from the first stent. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
43.
Indran Davagnanam MB BCh BAO BMedSci FRCR Graeme Holland Raj S. Dattani Alexander Tamm Shashivadan P. Hirani MSc PhD CPsychol Nicky Kolfschoten MD Lisa Strycharczuk Cathy Green John S. Thornton PhD Alex Wright MB FRCP Mark Edsell FRCA Neil D. Kitchen MD FRCS David J. Sharp PhD Timothy E. Ham PhD Andrew Murray DPhil Cameron J. Holloway FRACP D.Phil Kieran Clarke PhD Mike P.W. Grocott BSc MBBS MD FRCA FRCP FFICM Birmingham Medical Research Expeditionary Society Caudwell Xtreme Everest Research Group 《Annals of neurology》2013,73(3):381-389
44.
Lisa M. Bunn PhD Jonathan F. Marsden PhD Paola Giunti MD PhD Brian L. Day DPhil 《Movement disorders》2013,28(4):510-516
Balance impairment is a principal symptom of cerebellar disease, but is poorly understood partly because subjects with heterogenous cerebellar and extracerebellar lesions have often been studied. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) provides an opportunity to understand balance dysfunction associated with a relatively homogenous cerebellar lesion. This study investigated stance instability in SCA6 and how it is affected by varying stance width. Body sway, as well as its directional preponderance and distribution across joints, was measured three‐dimensionally in 17 SCA6 and 17 matched healthy control subjects. Subjects stood for 40 seconds on a stable surface with their eyes open and feet positioned at various stance widths (32, 16, 8, 4, and 0 cm). SCA6 subjects swayed faster than controls at every stance width. Decreasing the stance width produced a disproportionate increase in sway speed in SCA6 subjects, compared to controls. Directional preponderance of sway was dependent on stance width, but did not differ between groups. Joint instability was increased by reducing stance width in both groups, but there was greater instability of the ankle joint in the roll plane in the SCA6 group. Measures of global instability correlated strongly with disease severity measured with the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (r = 0.79). The sway characteristics suggest a disruption of sensorimotor processing for balance control in SCA6. The correlation with disease severity implies that balance impairment is a feature of progression of SCA6 clinical syndrome. With stance width standardized, the instability measures employed could provide sensitive, continuous outcome measures of longitudinal or therapeutic change. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society 相似文献
45.
46.
Murali Mahadevan FRACS Graeme van der Meer MBChB MMed Maayan Gruber MD Peter Reed DPhil Conor Jackson FRCS Colin Brown FRACS Nikki Mills FRACS Lesley J. Salkeld FRACS FRCSC Dip ABO Michel Neeff FRACS Jan Evans MBChB Brian Anderson PhD FANZCA FJFICM Colin Barber FRACS 《The Laryngoscope》2016,126(12):E416-E420
47.
Cultural animation in health research: An innovative methodology for patient and public involvement and engagement 下载免费PDF全文
Mihaela Kelemen BA PhD DPhil Emma Surman BSc PhD Lisa Dikomitis BA MA PhD 《Health expectations》2018,21(4):805-813
Background
A significant challenge in Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE) in health research is to include a wide range of opinions and experiences, including from those who repeatedly find themselves at the margins of society.Objective
To contribute to the debate around PPIE by introducing a bottom‐up methodology: cultural animation (CA). Cultural Animation is an arts‐based methodology of knowledge co‐production and community engagement which employs a variety of creative and participatory exercises to help build trusting relationships between diverse participants (expert and non‐experts) and democratize the process of research.Design
Three CA full‐day workshops for the research project “A Picture of Health.”Participants
Each workshop was attended by 20‐25 participants including 4 academics, 5 retired health professionals who volunteered in the local community and 15 community members. Participants ranged in age from 25 to 75 years, and 80% of the participants were women over the age of 60.Results
The CA workshops unearthed a diversity of hidden assets, increased human connectivity, led to rethinking of and co‐creating new health indicators and enabled participants to think of community health in a positive way and to consider what can be developed.Discussion
Cultural animation encourages participants to imagine and create ideal pictures of health by experimenting with new ways of working together.Conclusion
We conclude by highlighting the main advantages to PPIE as follows: CA provides a route to co‐produce research agendas, empowers the public to engage actively with health professionals and make a positive contribution to their community. 相似文献48.
Identifying acceptable components for home‐based health promotion services for older people with mild frailty: A qualitative study 下载免费PDF全文
49.