Cardiovascular effects of agmatine within the rostral ventrolateral medulla are similar to those of clonidine in anesthetized rats

Agmatine was isolated from bovine brain in 1994. It exhibits various functions, as a consequence of which it meets the criteria for an endogenous brain neurotransmitter. However, its physiological action on the cardiovascular system remains unclear. This study was designed to clarify its cardiovascular effects when administered into the rostral ventrolateral medulla （RVLM） in anesthetized and paralyzed rats. Unilateral injection of clonidine （5 nmol） into the RVLM significantly decreased mean arterial pressure （MAP） and heart rate （HR）.     

Plasma vitronectin polymorphism in normal subjects and patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation

Vitronectin, also known as serum-spreading factor or S-protein, mediates cell adhesion and inhibits formation of the membrane-lytic complex of complement and the rapid inactivation of thrombin by antithrombin III in the presence of heparin. Vitronectin is normally present in plasma at a concentration of approximately 300 micrograms/mL. The investigators quantified plasma vitronectin with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and visualized reduced and nonreduced vitronectin by immunoblotting after separation of plasma or serum by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The concentration of plasma vitronectin was markedly reduced in some patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation, especially in those with liver failure; it was near normal in patients with metastatic cancer and acute leukemia. Patients with vitronectin levels less than 40% normal invariably had low fibrinogen and antithrombin III and a prolonged prothrombin time. In both normal and patient plasmas there was heterogeneity in the ratio of the 75,000- and 65,000-mol wt polypeptides of reduced vitronectin: 18% had mostly the 75,000-mol wt polypeptide, 59% had roughly equal amounts of the two polypeptides, and 22% had mostly the 65,000-mol wt polypeptide. This polymorphism is inherited and appears to be due to two alleles that are present with approximately equal frequency. The blotting patterns of vitronectin in reduced and nonreduced plasmas were largely unaltered in plasma of patients with defibrination syndrome, fibrinolysis, liver failure, sepsis, metastatic cancer, and acute leukemia. There was no evidence of fragmentation of vitronectin or formation of the disulfide-bonded complex of vitronectin and thrombin-antithrombin III that is found when blood is clotted. Thus these results corroborate in vitro observations that the liver is the major source of plasma vitronectin, suggest that vitronectin may become depleted during disseminated intravascular coagulation, and define a genetic polymorphism of vitronectin.     

氚标记( )与(-)棉酚在大鼠主要脏器的亚细胞分布及共价结合

给大鼠腹腔及睾内注射氚标记的( )与(-)棉酚后第7、18天,对主要脏器中各亚细胞组分的总放射活性及共价结合的放射活性进行了动态观察。结果表明,(-)棉酚在心肌线粒体共价结合放射活性较明显高于( )棉酚;( )及(-)棉酚在睾丸细胞膜、微粒体共价结合的放射活性随时间增高,且(-)棉酚较为明显。     

HLA class I and II antigen phenotypes of North American Indians from Minnesota: implications for marrow transplants using unrelated donors

As a result of an appeal for a bone marrow donor for a North American Indian (Native American) patient, 261 Native Americans from our community were typed for HLA-A,B,DR antigens, and 51 were typed for HLA-A,B antigens only. The HLA antigen frequencies of the Native Americans were compared with those of 12,881 white bone marrow donors and were found to differ markedly. To investigate the implications these differences in HLA antigen frequencies would have for the location of unrelated bone marrow donors, the HLA types of 12 Native American bone marrow transplant patients from our institution were used to search among 5389 HLA-A,B,DR-typed white donors in the National Marrow Donor Program file and the file of 261 HLA-A,B,DR-typed Native American donors. In the white donor file, at least two donors were found that matched at all HLA-A,B,DR antigen loci of one Native American patient (8%). Using the Native American donor file, which was less than one-twentieth the size of the white donor file, and HLA-A,B,DR-matched donor was also found for one (8%) of the patients. These results suggest that although donors for nonwhites can be identified in a file of HLA-typed white volunteers, the probability of finding a suitably matched donor for such individuals is enhanced if donors representing racial or ethnic minorities are included in unrelated donor registries.     

Recurrent stent thrombosis associated with lupus anticoagulant due to renal cell carcinoma

A case is presented of recurrent stent thrombosis unexplained by angiographic appearance, which subsequently revealed a diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome secondary to renal cell carcinoma.     

Cicatricial pemphigoid diagnosed by the use of indirect immunofluorescence

BACKGROUND: A thorough work-up is paramount in the accurate diagnosis of oral erosive diseases. OBJECTIVE: A case of pemphigoid with negative direct immunofluorescence but positive indirect immunofluorescence is presented. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 77-year-old man presented with erosions of the oral and glans mucosa and with esophageal stenosis. Histologic examination revealed nonspecific mucositis. Indirect immunofluorescence was characteristic of pemphigoid. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates the importance of performing a complete diagnostic work-up in the evaluation of patients with oral erosive disease.     

Expression and alterations of different molecular form γ-glutamyl transferase and total RNA concentration during the carcinogenesis of rat hepatoma

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Greater hypertrophy in right than left ventricles is associated with pulmonary vasculopathy in sinoaortic-denervated Wistar-Kyoto rats

1. Biventricular hypertrophy has been described in a high blood pressure variability (BPV) model of sinoaortic-denervated (SAD) rats without systemic hypertension. To explore the possible involvement of the lung in SAD-induced right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), we examined lung morphology, in addition to systemic haemodynamics and ventricle morphology, in Wistar-Kyoto rats 32 weeks after SAD. 2. In Wistar-Kyoto rats 32 weeks after SAD, there existed a substantial elevation in BPV, with no change in the average level of arterial pressure. Biventricular hypertrophy following SAD was characterized by a greater hypertrophy in right than left ventricles; both absolute and normalized right ventricular weights were significantly increased by 22 and 27％, respectively, and only normalized left ventricular weight was significantly increased by 12％. No infarcts were found in any ventricles examined. 3. In the lung, the most prominent change following SAD was pulmonary vasculopathy, including wall thickening, perivascular fibrosis and cell infiltration. In pulmonary arteries with an internal diameter of 70-130 microm, the external diameter, wall thickness and wall thickness to internal diameter ratio were increased in SAD compared with control rats. 4. There was no correlation between right and left ventricular weights. In contrast with BPV-correlated left ventricular weight, right ventricular weight was correlated with the wall thickness of the pulmonary artery, but not with BPV. 5. These findings suggest that greater RVH following SAD is associated with pulmonary vasculopathy, but is not secondary to the left ventricular problems or high BPV.     

雷酚内酯的结构修正

雷公藤别名黄藤,系卫矛科植物雷公藤(Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.)。其根有舒筋活血,祛风湿,消肿止痛的功效,多用于类风湿关节炎的治疗。根皮中含有生物碱、甙、萜以及其它成分,其中多种二萜内酯成分有抗肿瘤活性和免疫