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针刺镇痛在临床上被广泛应用。针刺的神经传导通路与机体痛觉传导通路基本相似,对周围神经和中枢神经均有一定的影响,因此推断这可能是针刺缓解疼痛的一种调节机制。本文总结了近五年针刺治疗各种疼痛疾病的机制研究,从传导通路上分析得知针刺能激发神经元活性,改善周围神经的病理变化,增加神经元之间突触传递,修复受损的周围神经以缓解疼痛。此外,应用针刺或加用电针治疗痛症,能改善大脑内与疼痛相关各功能区之间的联系,对镇痛起到一定的中枢调控作用。在研究中还发现针刺能减少病变区炎性反应和细胞凋亡,增加细胞自噬和血管调节因子的表达。这些反应之间常存在一定的相互作用,共同缓解机体疼痛症状。然而,临床中针刺手法及辅助方法众多,治疗选取的相关穴位各异,根据疾病定位定性后选择最优组合方式是今后总结经验的重要目标。 相似文献
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Yu-si CHENG De-zai DAI Yin DAI 《中国药理学报》2009,(8):1099-1106
Aim: Spatial dispersion of bioactive substances in the myocardium could serve as pathological basis for arrhythmogenesis and cardiac impairment by β-adrenoceptor stimulation. We hypothesized that dispersed NADPH oxidase, protein kinase Cε (PKCε), early response gene (ERG), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) across the heart by isoproterenol (ISO) medication might be mediated by the endothelin (ET) - ROS pathway. We aimed to verify if ISO induced spatially heterogeneous distribution of pPKCε, NAPDH oxidase, MMP-9 and ERG could be mitigated by either an ET receptor antagonist CPU0213 or iNOS inhibitor aminoguanidine. Methods:Rats were treated with ISO (1 mg/kg sc) for 10 days, and drug interventions (mg/kg) either CPU0213 (30 sc) or aminoguanidine (100 ip) were administered on days 8-10. Expression of NADPH oxidase, MMP-9, ERG, and PKCε in the left and right ventricle (LV, RV) and septum (S) were measured separately. Results: Ventricular hypertrophy was found in the LV, S, and RV, in association with dispersed QTc and oxidative stress in ISO-treated rats. mRNA and protein expression of MMP-9, PKCε, NADPH oxidase and ERG in the LV, S, and RV were obviously dispersed, with augmented expression mainly in the LV and S. Dispersed parameters were re-harmonized by either CPU0213, or aminoguanidine. Conclusion: We found at the first time that ISO-induced dispersed distribution of pPKCε, NADPH oxidase, MMP-9, and ERG in the LV, S, and RV of the heart, which were suppressed by either CPU0213 or aminoguanidine. It indicates that the ET-ROS pathway plays a role in the dispersed distribution of bioactive substances following sustained β-receptor stimulation. 相似文献
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Aim: Paeonol (2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone) from Cortex moutan root is a potential therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis. This study sought to investigate the mechanisms underlying anti-inflammatory effects of paeonol in rat vascular endothelial cells (VECs) in vitro.
Methods: VECs were isolated from rat thoracic aortas. The cells were pretreated with paeonol for 24 h, and then stimulated with ox-LDL for another 24 h. The expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) and PTEN in VECs was analyzed using qRT-PCR. The expression of PTEN protein was detected by Western blotting. TNF-α release by VECs was measured by ELISA.
Results: Ox-LDL treatment inhibited VEC growth in dose- and time-dependent manners (the value of IC50 was about 20 mg/L at 24 h). Furthermore, ox-LDL (20 mg/L) significantly increased miR-21 expression and inhibited the expression of PTEN, one of downstream target genes of miR-21 in VECs. In addition, ox-LDL (20 mg/L) significantly increased the release of TNF-α from VECs. Pretreatment with paeonol increased the survival rate of ox-LDL-treated VECs in dose- and time-dependent manners. Moreover, paeonol (120 μmol/L) prevented ox-LDL-induced increases in miR-21 expression and TNF-α release, and ox-LDL-induced inhibition in PTEN expression. A dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-21 bound directly to PTEN's 3'-UTR, thus inhibiting PTEN expression. In ox-LDL treated VECs, transfection with a miR-21 mimic significantly increased miR-21 expression and inhibited PTEN expression, and attenuated the protective effects of paeonol pretreatment, whereas transfection with an miR-21 inhibitor significantly decreased miR-21 expression and increased PTEN expression, thus enhanced the protective effects of paeonol pretreatment.
Conclusion: miR-21 is an important target of paeonol for its protective effects against ox-LDL-induced VEC injury, which may play critical roles in development of atherosclerosis. 相似文献
Methods: VECs were isolated from rat thoracic aortas. The cells were pretreated with paeonol for 24 h, and then stimulated with ox-LDL for another 24 h. The expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) and PTEN in VECs was analyzed using qRT-PCR. The expression of PTEN protein was detected by Western blotting. TNF-α release by VECs was measured by ELISA.
Results: Ox-LDL treatment inhibited VEC growth in dose- and time-dependent manners (the value of IC50 was about 20 mg/L at 24 h). Furthermore, ox-LDL (20 mg/L) significantly increased miR-21 expression and inhibited the expression of PTEN, one of downstream target genes of miR-21 in VECs. In addition, ox-LDL (20 mg/L) significantly increased the release of TNF-α from VECs. Pretreatment with paeonol increased the survival rate of ox-LDL-treated VECs in dose- and time-dependent manners. Moreover, paeonol (120 μmol/L) prevented ox-LDL-induced increases in miR-21 expression and TNF-α release, and ox-LDL-induced inhibition in PTEN expression. A dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-21 bound directly to PTEN's 3'-UTR, thus inhibiting PTEN expression. In ox-LDL treated VECs, transfection with a miR-21 mimic significantly increased miR-21 expression and inhibited PTEN expression, and attenuated the protective effects of paeonol pretreatment, whereas transfection with an miR-21 inhibitor significantly decreased miR-21 expression and increased PTEN expression, thus enhanced the protective effects of paeonol pretreatment.
Conclusion: miR-21 is an important target of paeonol for its protective effects against ox-LDL-induced VEC injury, which may play critical roles in development of atherosclerosis. 相似文献
46.
目的:检测GJB2 235delC杂合突变和mtDNA A1555G突变。方法:对120例样本进行诊断试验,其中测序GJB2 235delC杂合突变样本16例,mtDNA A1555G突变17例。用PCR方法对目标片段进行扩增,PCR产物在3100DNA sequencer(ABI)上聚丙烯酰胺胶毛细管电泳,GeneScan、GeneMarker软件数据分析。结果:120例样本均得到检测结果,检出GJB2 235delC杂合突变样本17例,mtDNA A1555G突变17例,1例正常样本误诊为235delC杂合突变而出现假阳性。结论:PCR-GeneScan技术可以同时检测2种不同基因的突变,单管多重PCR和GeneScan荧光标记法结合是同时检测多种突变一种新的思路,而且可能是一种有效的方法。 相似文献
47.
目的 观察替吉奥单药治疗老年晚期乳腺癌的疗效与安全性。方法 回顾性分析老年晚期乳腺癌患者65例,研究组32例(S组):替吉奥 40~60 mg(<1.25 m2,40 mg; 1.25~1.5 m2,50 mg;>1.5 m2,60 mg),于早、晚饭后口服,连服14天,21天重复。对照组33例(X组):卡培他滨每日2000 mg/m2,分2次,连服14天,21天重复,至少2周期后评价疗效。结果 65例患者均可评价疗效, S组、X组有效率(RR)分别为31.3%(10/32)、27.3%(9/33),疾病控制率(DCR)分别为78.1%(25/32)、69.7%(23/33),中位疾病进展时间(TTP)分别为7.5、7.0月,中位总生存时间(OS)分别为17.3、15.2月,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组与对照组常见的不良反应为骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、口角炎、乏力,多见Ⅰ~Ⅱ度,可耐受,两组差异无统计学意义;对照组手足综合征明显高于研究组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。 结论 替吉奥单药治疗老年乳腺癌疗效肯定,耐受性好于卡培他滨,值得临床进一步研究、推广。 相似文献
48.
[目的]探讨调强放疗计划过程中,不同医生勾画脊髓轮廓的不确定性及其对剂量的影响。[方法]由8位放疗医生对8例接受调强放疗的鼻咽癌患者CT图像逐例分别勾画脊髓轮廓.保持治疗计划其他参数不变,分别计算不同医生勾画脊髓的体积、剂量体积直方图(DVH)和最大剂量。[结果]不同医生勾画的脊髓体积差异显著(P〈0.05),脊髓体积标准偏差最大的一例达到38.4%,最小也达到17.1%。脊髓DVH曲线主体部分基本重叠,而尾端长短不同,说明脊髓平均剂量接近,但最大剂量差异大(P〈0.01)。最大剂量标准偏差变化范围6.8%~15,2%。[结论]危及器官(如脊髓)的勾画问题应引起到重视。在放射治疗计划设计中,除靶区的勾画以外,对危及器官尤其是边界不清楚的危及器官的勾画方法亦应进行规范。 相似文献
49.
头皮糠疹是常见病是多发病,临床表现为头皮红斑和脱屑,提示皮损部位表皮结构和功能异常,头皮角质层代谢紊乱,最近对头皮糠疹病因和病理的研究证实马拉色菌,皮脂分泌和个体敏感性是形成上述皮损的3个关键因素,硫氧吡啶锌(PTZ或ZPT)可以有效地杀灭马拉色菌,PTZ的颗粒大小和形状对其在头皮的生物利用度有明显的影响。此外,PTZ的抗菌效果有赖于其分子结构的完整性,在外用制剂中加入附加的游离锌,可以有效防止PTZ解离,从而提高其疗效。 相似文献
50.
目的探讨青岛地区汉族人群基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)基因rs17577多态性与脑梗死关系。方法采用多聚酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性技术和基因序列测定技术,检测脑梗死组和对照组MMP-9基因型及等位基因频率并进行比较。结果脑梗死组MMP-9基因GA基因型频率、A等位基因频率均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.74、7.79,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,A等位基因与脑梗死发病有关(OR=1.855,95%CI=1.206~2.854,P<0.01)。结论 MMP-9基因rs17577多态性与脑梗死可能相关,A等位基因可能是脑梗死的危险因素。 相似文献