咀嚼肌的应用解剖学研究——I.咬肌的动脉与神经

在30具(男23.女7)共60例成人尸体上观察与测量了咬肌的动脉与神经来源、咬肌神经的分支以及肌内构筑、咬肌由上颌动脉咬肌支和邻近动脉肌支供血,面动脉与面横动脉的咬肌支为其主要营养动脉.咬肌神经在肌内可分成单干和双干两型,前者居多,两型中其肌内分支间均有吻合.就结果对有关颌面外科应用问题进行了探讨.     

N-氨基-D-门冬氨酸诱导大鼠下丘脑视上核、室旁核和弓状核内c-fos基因表达

实验用foS蛋白免疫组织化学方法,研究了中枢神经系统兴奋性介质N-氨基-D-门冬氨酸诱导大鼠下丘脑内c-fos的表达.N-氨基-D-门冬氨酸注射大鼠皮下后,观察了fos阳性细胞在下丘脑内开始出现与消失的时程相关以及在下丘脑内的分布.结果表明:给N-氨基-D-门冬氨酸后30分开始出现fos阳性细胞,1～2小时达高峰,4～8小时消失.fos阳性细胞主要分布于视上核、室旁核和弓状核,视上核和室旁核中fos阳性细胞分别占细胞总数的57.8%和63.6%,在弓状核中占细胞总数的60.6%.     

Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF): identification of a binding site for a neutralizing antibody.

One approach to the localization of functionally active regions of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) is to map the epitopes recognized by neutralizing anti-hGM-CSF monoclonal antibodies. We have defined the epitope recognized by one neutralizing antibody (LMM102) using proteolytic fragments obtained by enzymic digestion of bacterially synthesized hGM-CSF. RP-HPLC fractionation of a tryptic digest resulted in the identification of an immunoreactive "tryptic core" peptide containing 66 amino acids (52% of the protein). Further digestion of this "tryptic core" with S. aureus V8 protease produced a unique immunoreactive hGM-CSF product comprising two peptides, residues 86-93 and 112-127, linked by a disulfide bond between residues 88 and 121. The individual peptides, generated by reduction with dithiothreitol, were not recognized by the antibody. An analog of this peptide has been synthesized chemically and shown to have similar immunoreactivity to the epitope obtained by enzymic digestion. A series of modified peptides has also been synthesized to identify further the region required for antibody recognition.     

经单侧穿刺椎体后凸成形术治疗侧方椎体压缩性骨折

目的研究经单侧椎弓根穿刺椎体后凸成形术治疗侧方骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,OVCF)的疗效。方法选择我院2009年10月~2011年10月收治的30例侧方OVCF患者,随机行凹侧或双侧球囊撑开椎体后凸成形术治疗,分别在术后1、6、12个月进行随访,对椎体高度恢复、脊柱后凸、侧凸Cobb角及并发症进行评价。结果术后1、6、12个月的随访结果比较发现,凹侧撑开及双侧撑开组患者椎体高度均较术前明显恢复(P0.05),脊柱后凸、侧凸Cobb角均较术前明显纠正(P0.05)。术后定期随访无丢失。凹侧撑开组与双侧撑开组之间比较,上述指标差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经凹侧球囊撑开椎体成形治疗侧方OVCF,与双侧撑开相比疗效相当,可简化手术、缩短手术时间、减小创伤、减少费用,是治疗侧方OVCF的有效方式。     

Novel micro-crosslinked poly(organophosphazenes) with improved mechanical properties and controllable degradation rate as potential biodegradable matrix

As biodegradable materials, linear polyphosphazenes undergo rapid hydrolysis degradation but exhibit poor mechanical properties. Blending with biodegradable polyesters or inorganic particles strengthen their mechanical properties but give rise to slower degradation rate. To balance the mechanical properties and the degradation rate, micro-crosslinked polyphosphazenes were synthesized in this study. Their glass transition temperatures, mechanical properties, and in vitro degradation behavior were investigated. 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was firstly attached to the side chain along with glycine ethyl ester to prepare co-substituted poly(organophosphazene) with pendant ethenyl substituents. The co-substituted poly(organophosphazene) was blended with HEMA or acrylic acid (AA) followed by a free radical polymerization to prepare micro-crosslinked poly(organophosphazenes). The resulting crosslinked polymers showed two separate glass transition temperatures depending on the HEMA or AA feed. Incorporation of crosslinking affected the mechanical properties positively. Crosslinked poly(organophosphazenes) showed an approximately 11-17 fold increase in terms of modulus of elasticity when compared to the linear counterpart. In vitro degradation tests indicated that HEMA-crosslinked polymers hydrolyzed at a retarded rate while AA-crosslinked polymers hydrolyzed at a moderate rate compared to linear polymers.     

Structural characterization of the C4a anaphylatoxin from rat

The C4a anaphylatoxin was purified from rat sera activated by heat-aggregated IgG. The anaphylatoxin was isolated by a three-step purification procedure and was judged to be homogeneous based on visualization of a single stained band after electrophoresis on both cellulose acetate membrane strips and on 9% SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Results from Ouchterlony and radioimmunoassay analysis indicated that neither rat C5A nor C3a contaminated the C4a preparation. Rat C4a is a glycoprotein estimated to be 11,000-12,000 mol. wt and contains 76 amino acid residues representing a mol. wt of 8577 and one oligosaccharide unit of 2000-3000 mol. wt. Rat C4a is weakly active in contracting guinea pig ileum at 0.1-1 microM, which is comparable with the activity of human C4a. Both human and bovine C4a are polypeptides free of carbohydrate while rat and presumably mouse C4a are glycoproteins. The complete primary structure of rat C4a anaphylatoxin has been elucidated as follows: (formula; see text)     

人肝癌组织中p53与HSP70相互作用的初步研究

目的 :探讨人肝癌中热休克蛋白 70 (HSP70 )与 p5 3的相互作用。方法 :用免疫组织化学染色法 ,从 12例肝癌组织中筛选HSP70与 p5 3均呈阳性表达的标本 ,并以免疫共沉淀法提取之。然后用SDS PAGE及Westernblot分析双阳性标本中两种蛋白的存在形式。结果 :用免疫组织化学法检测到 12例肝癌组织中有 3例为双阳性 ,用抗HSP70mAb免疫共沉淀的样品 ,可检测到 p5 3蛋白。用抗p5 3mAb免疫共沉淀的样品也可检测到HSP70蛋白。结论 :人肝癌中p5 3与HSP70以复合物的形式而存在 ,此可为肝癌的发病机制及免疫治疗的研究提供新的思路     

The pathogenesis of graft-versus-host reaction in the intrahepatic bile duct. An immunohistochemical study

Although intrahepatic bile duct injury following bone marrow transplantation is considered to be one feature of graft-versus-host disease, its developmental mechanism has not been clarified. In order to elucidate this aspect, an immunohistochemical study of the liver following human allogeneic bone marrow transplantation was made. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (Tc) and natural killer cells (NK) were found in contact with intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells showing degeneration and necrotic changes. These findings suggested a cytotoxic effect of these cells on bile duct epithelial cells. Abnormal expression of HLA class II (DR) antigen was recognized in intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells following bone marrow transplantation. Cell injury was prominent in cells with weak DR antigen expression, whereas the cells demonstrating conspicuous expression appeared almost normal. There results suggest that abnormal expression of DR antigen plays an important role in the development of GVHD of the intrahepatic bile duct.     

血液透析室丙型肝炎病毒暴发事件的分析与防控

丙型肝炎病毒感染后可引起多种疾病,血液透析室丙型肝炎病毒感染暴发事件在多个国家都有报道,主要原因在于感染预防与控制出现了漏洞。回顾丙型肝炎病毒感染暴发事件的文献并结合国内外影响较大的相关管理文件进行分析,有助于更科学地防控丙型肝炎病毒在血液透析室内的传播,将其感染暴发的风险降到最低。     

东营区≥45岁人群结直肠癌初筛结果分析及肠镜顺应性调查

目的 对东营区≥45岁常住居民进行结直肠癌筛查,并探讨初筛阳性者肠镜顺应性及其影响因素,为提高居民结直肠癌筛查工作提供科学依据。方法 采用方便抽样方法选择辖区内2个镇和3个街道的社区卫生服务中心作为结直肠癌筛查志愿者招募点招募≥45岁常住居民为研究对象开展结直肠癌筛查及问卷调查,对初筛阳性者进一步进行肠镜检查,采用描述性分析方法对居民结直肠筛查结果及肠镜顺应性进行分析,并对其影响因素进行单、多因素分析。结果 本研究共纳入1 201人进行分析,男662人,女539人,45~59岁372人,60~69岁495人,70~79岁334人。初筛阳性人数总计371例,其中危险因素初筛阳性154例,FOBT阳性298例,危险因素和FOBT阳性双阳性者81例,初筛阳性率为30.89%。男性（OR=3.177）、黏液血便史（OR=7.683）以及肠道息肉病史（OR=5.008）为结直肠癌初筛阳性的危险因素。371例初筛阳性者中121例完成结肠镜检查,结肠镜检查顺应率为32.61%。性别（OR=2.776）、年龄（OR=0.511、0.433）、婚姻状况（OR=4.267）、文化程度（OR=2.782、3.916）、医疗保险（OR=2.743）是结直肠癌初筛阳性者结肠镜检查顺应性的影响因素。结论 东营市东营区结直肠癌初筛阳性率较高,应加强对存在黏液血便史以及肠道息肉病史男性个体人群的结直肠癌筛查。居民结直肠镜检查顺应性较低,尤其是60岁及以上、非在婚、文化程度较低、无医保的女性个体,可特异性强化对该群体个体的健康教育,提高其结直肠镜顺应性。