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61.
Ronald C Plotnikoff Kerry S Courneya Linda Trinh Nandini Karunamuni Ronald J Sigal 《The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity》2008,5(1):61
Background
Aerobic physical activity (PA) and resistance training are paramount in the treatment and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but few studies have examined the determinants of both types of exercise in the same sample. 相似文献62.
63.
Karin Olson A. Robert Turner Kerry S. Courneya Catherine Field Godfrey Man Marilyn Cree John Hanson 《Supportive care in cancer》2008,16(3):241-249
Goals In this theoretical paper, we present the Edmonton Fatigue Framework (EFF), a new framework for the study of tiredness, fatigue,
and exhaustion in advanced cancer.
Materials and methods The Fatigue Adaptation Model (FAM), the starting point for the EFF, was drawn from a literature review pertaining to fatigue
in depression, chronic fatigue syndrome, cancer, shift workers, and athletes published in the Cumulative Index to Nursing
and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), PubMed, PsychINFO,
SPORTdiscus, and CancerLit between 1995 and 2004, and from seven qualitative studies conducted by our group. The EFF, an elaboration
of the FAM, was constructed after an expansion of our literature review to 2006 and team discussion. The EFF provides new
insights into possible links between behavioral and physiological indices of tiredness, fatigue, and exhaustion as they occur
in both ill and non-ill states. In this paper, however, we consider only possible links in advanced cancer.
Conclusions We propose that stressors associated with advanced cancer and its supportive treatment trigger declines in four systems—cognitive
function, sleep quality, nutrition, and muscle endurance—and that these declines reduce one’s ability to adapt. While these
systems each likely has its own effect on adaptation, we propose that the most important and serious effects arise from interactions
among declines in cognitive function, sleep quality, nutrition, and muscle endurance.
Conclusions Interventions for fatigue have been limited by a lack of understanding about its etiology. Hypotheses arising from the EFF`
suggest a new direction for further study that focuses on interactions among cognitive function, sleep quality, nutrition,
and muscle endurance. 相似文献
64.
Andria R. Morielli Nawaid Usmani Normand G. Boulé Diane Severin Keith Tankel Tirath Nijjar Kurian Joseph Kerry S. Courneya 《Supportive care in cancer》2016,24(7):2919-2926
Purpose
Aerobic exercise is safe and feasible for rectal cancer patients during and after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT), but their motivation to perform such exercise is unknown. Here, we explore the motivational outcomes, perceived benefits and harms, and perceived barriers to exercise during and after NACRT.Methods
Rectal cancer patients (n = 18) participated in supervised aerobic exercise during NACRT followed by unsupervised exercise after NACRT. Using the theory of planned behavior, we assessed perceived benefits, harms, enjoyment, support, difficulty, and barriers for exercise both during and after NACRT.Results
Patients reported that exercise during NACRT was more enjoyable (p = 0.003) and less difficult (p = 0.037) than initially anticipated. The most common perceived benefits of exercise during NACRT were cardiovascular endurance (75 %), quality of life (75 %), and self-esteem (65 %). After NACRT, the most common perceived benefits were physical functioning (93 %), cardiovascular endurance (86 %), and quality of life (79 %). The most common perceived harms of exercise during NACRT were fatigue (31 %), diarrhea (31 %), and skin irritation (24 %). After NACRT, the most common perceived harms were fatigue (21 %) and hand-foot-syndrome (15 %). Side effects from NACRT were the most common exercise barrier during NACRT (88 %) whereas lack of motivation was the most common barrier after NACRT (79 %).Conclusions
Rectal cancer patients reported aerobic exercise during NACRT to be more enjoyable and less difficult than anticipated despite significant barriers. This positive motivational response may facilitate recruitment and adherence in future interventions. Moreover, rectal cancer patients identified potential benefits and harms that should be closely monitored in future interventions.65.
With advancement in laparoscopic surgery a number of surgical procedures can be performed combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy
in a single surgery. We evaluate the safety & efficacy of such surgeries. A retrospective review of all patients who had undergone
combined procedures with laparoscopic cholecystectomy during January 2005 to June 2009 was performed. 3144 laparoscopic cholecystectomies
were performed in the period from January 2005 to June 2009. Of these, 401 cases were combined with another procedure. The
mean operative time was 80 min (range 50–270 min). The mean hospital stay was 3.2 days (range 1–5 days). The mean no. of days
injectable analgesics was required was 2 days (range 1 day–4 days). Combined procedures provide patients with all the benefits
of minimal invasive surgery and also give the benefit of single time anaesthesia without adding to post operative morbidity
& hospital stay. 相似文献
66.
Fenella KS Welsh Paris P Tekkis Timothy G John Myrddin Rees 《HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association》2010,12(3):188-194
Background:
There is no prospective randomized data comparing laparoscopic to open hepatectomy. This study compared short- and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing hepatectomy for colorectal metastases (CRM), who were suitable for either laparoscopic or open surgery.Methods:
Data were prospectively collected from consecutive patients undergoing hepatic resection of CRM at a single centre (1987–2007). Patients who were suitable for laparoscopic resection (Group 1) were compared with patients whose tumour characteristics would best be considered for open resection (Group 2).Results:
Out of 1152 hepatectomies, 266 (23.1%) were deemed suitable for a laparoscopic approach. The median (IQR) number of metastases was greater in Group 2 [2(1–20) vs. 1(1–10), P < 0.001], as was the mean (SD) tumour size [5.3(3.6) cm vs. 3.3(1.2) cm, P < 0.001]. The median (IQR) operation time [210 (70) min vs. 240 (90) min, P < 0.001] and blood loss [270 (265) ml vs. 355 (320) ml, P < 0.001] were less in Group 1. There was no difference in length of stay, morbidity or mortality. Patients in Group 2 had a higher R1 resection rate (14.9%) compared with Group 1 (4.5%, P < 0.001) and lower 5-year survival (37.8% vs. 44.2%, P= 0.005).Discussion:
Current criteria for laparoscopic hepatectomy selects patients who have more straight-forward surgery, with less risk of an involved resection margin and better long-term survival, compared with patients unsuited to a laparoscopic approach. Clearly defined criteria for laparoscopic hepatectomy are essential to allow meaningful analysis of outcomes and the results of unrandomized series of laparoscopic hepatectomies must be interpreted with caution. 相似文献67.
Siobhan M. White Edward McAuley Paul A. Estabrooks Kerry S. Courneya 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2009,37(1):10-19
Background Although physical activity (PA) interventions have been effective for improving health outcomes in breast cancer survivors,
little is known relative to their potential for translation into practice.
Purpose This review was designed to provide a quantitative estimate of the reporting of both internal and external validity in recent studies of PA in breast cancer survivors (BCS).
Methods The Reach, Efficacy/Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework was utilized to assess the
reporting of internal and external validity in 25 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PA and BCS published between 1998
and 2008. Each trial was evaluated relative to the degree it met criteria for each of the above dimensions.
Results The majority of studies in this review reported dimensions reflecting internal validity. The overall level of detail relative
to external validity of PA interventions was rarely reported, limiting the generalizability of study findings.
Conclusions As with many RCTs of health behavior change, detail relative to contextual elements of published PA interventions in BCS is
limited. It is recommended that future physical activity interventions in BCS be designed to facilitate scalable and sustainable
interventions for improving health outcomes in this population. 相似文献
68.
69.
SM Vieira HP Lemos R Grespan MH Napimoga D Dal-Secco A Freitas TM Cunha WA Verri Jr DA Souza-Junior MC Jamur KS Fernandes C Oliver JS Silva MM Teixeira FQ Cunha 《British journal of pharmacology》2009,158(3):779-789
Background and purpose:
Chemokines orchestrate neutrophil recruitment to inflammatory foci. In the present study, we evaluated the participation of three chemokines, KC/CXCL1, MIP-2/CXCL2 and LIX/CXCL5, which are ligands for chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), in mediating neutrophil recruitment in immune inflammation induced by antigen in immunized mice.Experimental approach:
Neutrophil recruitment was assessed in immunized mice challenged with methylated bovine serum albumin, KC/CXCL1, LIX/CXCL5 or tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Cytokine and chemokine levels were determined in peritoneal exudates and in supernatants of macrophages and mast cells by elisa. CXCR2 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression was determined using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy.Key results:
Antigen challenge induced dose- and time-dependent neutrophil recruitment and production of KC/CXCL1, LIX/CXCL5 and TNF-α, but not MIP-2/CXCL2, in peritoneal exudates. Neutrophil recruitment was inhibited by treatment with reparixin (CXCR1/2 antagonist), anti-KC/CXCL1, anti-LIX/CXCL5 or anti-TNF-α antibodies and in tumour necrosis factor receptor 1-deficient mice. Intraperitoneal injection of KC/CXCL1 and LIX/CXCL5 induced dose- and time-dependent neutrophil recruitment and TNF-α production, which were inhibited by reparixin or anti-TNF-α treatment. Macrophages and mast cells expressed CXCR2 receptors. Increased macrophage numbers enhanced, while cromolyn sodium (mast cell stabilizer) diminished, LIX/CXCL5-induced neutrophil recruitment. Macrophages and mast cells from immunized mice produced TNF-α upon LIX/CXCL5 stimulation. Methylated bovine serum albumin induced expression of ICAM-1 on mesenteric vascular endothelium, which was inhibited by anti-TNF-α or anti-LIX/CXCL5.Conclusion and implications:
Following antigen challenge, CXCR2 ligands are produced and act on macrophages and mast cells triggering the production of TNF-α, which synergistically contribute to neutrophil recruitment through induction of the expression of ICAM-1. 相似文献70.
Friedenreich CM Neilson HK Woolcott CG Wang Q Yasui Y Brant RF Stanczyk FZ Campbell KL Courneya KS 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》2011,22(10):1365-1373