全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11852篇 |
免费 | 741篇 |
国内免费 | 40篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 121篇 |
儿科学 | 315篇 |
妇产科学 | 200篇 |
基础医学 | 1822篇 |
口腔科学 | 273篇 |
临床医学 | 1102篇 |
内科学 | 2613篇 |
皮肤病学 | 260篇 |
神经病学 | 1067篇 |
特种医学 | 458篇 |
外国民族医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 1857篇 |
综合类 | 94篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 929篇 |
眼科学 | 170篇 |
药学 | 591篇 |
中国医学 | 11篇 |
肿瘤学 | 745篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 66篇 |
2022年 | 90篇 |
2021年 | 215篇 |
2020年 | 165篇 |
2019年 | 171篇 |
2018年 | 250篇 |
2017年 | 217篇 |
2016年 | 209篇 |
2015年 | 274篇 |
2014年 | 308篇 |
2013年 | 462篇 |
2012年 | 645篇 |
2011年 | 741篇 |
2010年 | 375篇 |
2009年 | 365篇 |
2008年 | 583篇 |
2007年 | 668篇 |
2006年 | 619篇 |
2005年 | 599篇 |
2004年 | 570篇 |
2003年 | 518篇 |
2002年 | 477篇 |
2001年 | 318篇 |
2000年 | 267篇 |
1999年 | 271篇 |
1998年 | 134篇 |
1997年 | 140篇 |
1996年 | 103篇 |
1995年 | 78篇 |
1994年 | 68篇 |
1993年 | 72篇 |
1992年 | 147篇 |
1991年 | 133篇 |
1990年 | 149篇 |
1989年 | 157篇 |
1988年 | 129篇 |
1987年 | 141篇 |
1986年 | 129篇 |
1985年 | 138篇 |
1984年 | 119篇 |
1983年 | 95篇 |
1980年 | 58篇 |
1979年 | 97篇 |
1978年 | 67篇 |
1977年 | 59篇 |
1975年 | 48篇 |
1974年 | 64篇 |
1973年 | 52篇 |
1972年 | 63篇 |
1970年 | 49篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 265 毫秒
21.
The modified dorsal lithotomy position is excellent for radical pelvic operations. Use of modified Krauss arm supports as stirrups, along with pneumatic devices that intermittently compress the legs, significantly reduces postoperative morbidity in patients who undergo operations in this position. 相似文献
22.
Claudia Linde Cornelia Löffler Christina Kessler U. Quast 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1997,356(4):467-474
In vascular smooth muscle, openers of ATP-dependent potassium channels (K
ATP channels), such as P1075 (N-cyano-N’-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-N’’-3-pyridylguanidine), produce relaxation. In this study we have investigated the effects of thiol-modifying agents on the
binding of P1075 and on the 86Rb+ efflux stimulating and vasorelaxant effects of the opener in rat aortic rings. The increase in 86Rb+ efflux induced by P1075 was taken as a qualitative measure of K+ channel opening. The hydrophilic SH-group-oxidizing substance, thimerosal (1 to 100μM), abolished specific binding of [3H]-P1075 with an IC50 value of 7.6±1.2μM; at 30μM, the half time for inhibition was 38min. Two other thiol-oxidizing agents, PMB (4-hydroxy-mercuribenzoic
acid) and DTBNP (2,2’-dithio-bis(5-nitropyridine)), inhibited binding up to 86% and 44%, respectively. The disulphide bond
reducing substance, DTT (1,4-dithiothreitol, 0.1 to 1mM), reduced [3H]-P1075 binding by up to 20% and partially reversed the inhibitory effect of thimerosal. In 86Rb+ efflux experiments, thimerosal (3 to 100μM) concentration-dependently increased basal efflux but inhibited P1075-stimulated
tracer efflux with an IC50 value of 7±1μM. The inhibitory effect occurred with a half-time of approximately 8min and was essentially reversed by DTT.
In rings precontracted with noradrenaline, thimerosal inhibited the vasorelaxant effect in a noncompetitive manner, shifting
the concentration-relaxation curves to the right and reducing maximum relaxation.The data show that oxidation of thiol groups
interferes with the binding of the K
ATP channel opener, P1075; concomitantly, the 86Rb+ efflux stimulating and the vasorelaxant effects are inhibited. Reduction of disulphide bonds by DTT has only minor effects
on the action of P1075. Collectively, the results suggest that intact thiol groups are essential for the functioning of the
KATP channel in rat aorta. The different kinetics governing the inhibition of opener binding and of opener-stimulated 86Rb+ efflux suggest that the SH-groups involved in the two processes differ in their accessibility to thimerosal and/or in their
reactivity.
Received: 7 April / Accepted: 9 July 1997 相似文献
23.
Guochuan Tsai Hsien-Yuan Lane Pinchen Yang Mian-Yoon Chong Nicholas Lange 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2004,55(5):452-456
BACKGROUND: Hypofunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor had been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Treatment with D-serine or glycine, endogenous full agonists of the glycine site of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, or D-cycloserine, a partial agonist, improve the symptoms of schizophrenia. N-methylglycine (sarcosine) is an endogenous antagonist of glycine transporter-1, which potentiates glycine's action on N-methyl-D-aspartate glycine site and can have beneficial effects on schizophrenia. METHODS: Thirty-eight schizophrenic patients were enrolled in a 6-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of sarcosine (2 g/d), which was added to their stable antipsychotic regimens. Twenty of them received risperidone. Measures of clinical efficacy and side effects were determined every other week. RESULTS: Patient who received sarcosine treatment revealed significant improvements in their positive, negative, cognitive, and general psychiatric symptoms. Similar therapeutic effects were observed when only risperidone-treated patients were analyzed. Sarcosine was well-tolerated, and no significant side effect was noted. CONCLUSIONS: Sarcosine treatment can benefit schizophrenic patients treated by antipsychotics including risperidone. The significant improvement with the sarcosine further supports the hypothesis of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor hypofunction in schizophrenia. Glycine transporter-1 is a novel target for the pharmacotherapy to enhance N-methyl-D-aspartate function. 相似文献
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
S Ovroutski V Alexi-Meskishvili P Ewert J-H Nürnberg R Hetzer P E Lange 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2003,23(3):311-316
OBJECTIVE: Single ventricle palliation is rarely performed in adults and the results are less optimal than in children. In this article we analyze our experience with the modified Fontan operation in this age group. METHODS: Data of 15 consecutive patients with single ventricle with a mean age of 26 (range 16-38) years, who underwent Fontan operation between 3/92 and 1/2000 were retrospectively analyzed. Five patients had previously had an aortopulmonary shunt in childhood and two patients had previously received a bi-directional cavopulmonary shunt as adults. Eleven patients were preoperatively in NYHA class III and four in class II. The main factors for the selection of the patients before surgery were well-developed pulmonary arteries with lower lobe index 120+30 mm/m(2), pulmonary artery pressure <18 mmHg, good cardiac function and enddiastolic systemic ventricular pressure <12 mmHg. The lateral tunnel Fontan operation (LTFO) was performed in ten patients and extracardiac Fontan operation (ECFO) in five. A fenestration 4-5 mm in size was constructed in all patients with LTFO and in three of five patients with ECFO. RESULTS: There was one intraoperative and one late death (total mortality 13%). The mean extubation time and hospital stay were 24 h and 21 days, respectively. Severe postoperative complications were observed in three patients (20%). Two LTFO patients out of a total of eight patients (53%) with perioperative arrhythmias received a permanent pacemaker due to bradyarrhythmia. During the median follow-up of 5.0 (range 2.3-10.1) years, four patients developed arrhythmias; one of them had new onset bradyarrhythmia after LTFO and required permanent pacemaker implantation. The median postoperative oxygen saturation was 93% (range 90-98%). NYHA class improved significantly in 12 survivors. Cardiac catheterization (0.5-4 years postoperatively, n=12) showed excellent Fontan hemodynamics in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: The modified Fontan operation can be performed in adults with acceptable early and midterm mortality and morbidity and leads to either complete or marked relief of cyanosis and enhanced exercise tolerance in all survivors. Postoperative arrhythmias are one of the main drawbacks but the incidence of arrhythmias after ECFO seems to be lower. The long-term follow-up has yet to be established. 相似文献
29.
Douglas B Cooper Gregory Ales Christopher Lange Pamelia Clement 《Cognitive and behavioral neurology》2006,19(4):222-224
OBJECTIVE: To describe the onset of Huntington disease (HD) in a patient with atypical progression of symptoms. BACKGROUND: The authors report the case of a 39-year-old man with severe cognitive impairment and diffuse cortical atrophy before the onset of motor manifestations or symptoms of an extrapyramidal movement disorder. METHOD: Clinical examinations, neuropsychologic assessments, magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalogram, and genetic testing were conducted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Although HD was eventually confirmed through genetic testing, chorea was not part of the clinical picture until well after the patient had developed a frank dementia, with a decline in global intellectual functioning, memory deficits, slowed information processing speed, and executive dysfunction. This case indicates HD may present with atypical clinical features in the early course of the disease, and warrants diagnostic consideration in patients with early dementia of unknown etiology. 相似文献
30.
Giedd Jay N.; Snell John W.; Lange Nicholas; Rajapakse Jagath C.; Casey B. J.; Kozuch Patricia L.; Vaituzis A. Catherine; Vauss Yolanda C.; Hamburger Susan D.; Kaysen Debra; Rapoport Judith L. 《Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)》1996,6(4):551-559
Brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) of 104 healthy childrenand adolescents, aged 418, showed significant effectsof age and gender on brain morphometry. Males had larger cerebral(9%) and cerebellar (8%) volumes (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.008.respectively), which remained significant even after correctionfor height and weight After adjusting for cerebral size, theputamen and globus pallidus remained larger in males, whilerelative caudate size was larger in females. Neither cerebralnor cerebellar volume changed significantly across this agerange. Lateral ventricular volume increased significantly inmales (trend for females), with males showing an increase inslope after age 11. In males only, caudate and putamen decreasedwith age (P = 0.007 and 0.05, respectively). The left lateralventricles and putamen were significantly greater than the rightP = 0.01 and 0.0001, respectively). In contrast, the cerebralhemispheres and caudate showed a highly consistent right greater-than-leftasymmetry (P < 0.0001 for both). All volumes demonstrateda high degree of variability. These findings highlight gender-specificmaturational changes of the developing brain and the need forlarge gender-matched samples in pediatric neuropsychiatric studies. 相似文献