Characterisation of the IgE-binding immunodominant epitopes on Ara h1

Peanut allergy is one of the most severe food allergies due to its persistency and life-threatening character. Serum IgE from patients with documented peanut hypersensitivity reactions and synthetic peptides were used to screen the linear IgE-binding epitopes on the major peanut allergen, Ara h 1. Five major epitopes that bound peanut-specific serum IgE from more than 60% of patients tested were identified. Mutational analysis of the immunodominant epitope showed that single amino acid changes had dramatic effects on IgE-binding characteristics. Mapping and characterisation of the IgE-binding epitopes on Ara h1 could be used in future immunotherapeutic approaches for peanut allergy disease.     

人膈肌内神经分支分布

目的：探讨人膈的神经支配和肌内神经分支分布特点。方法：改良Sihler’s肌内神经分支染色法。结果：(1)一侧膈神经入肌后一般分为3—4支(3支型4例,4支型2例),1支(前支)向前内侧走行,支配胸部,1～2支(前外侧支)向外侧走行,支配肋部,最后1支(后支)最粗大,向后下走行,分为后外侧支和后脚支,分别支配膈中心腱外侧叶后外侧的肋部和腰部,各级神经的分支在肌束中部密集排列成神经丛。(2)6例标本均未发现左侧或右侧膈神经越过中线至对侧。(3)2例带肋间肌的标本肉眼未见有肋间神经分支进入膈。结论：(1)左、右膈神经分布于膈,未见左右侧膈神经重叠支配和优势支配。(2)膈神经的终末分支在肌束中部密集排列形成似“肾形”的神经丛带。     

检测先心病患儿EEG和BAEP的意义

目的　评价先心病儿心脏手术前后脑电图 (EEG)、脑干听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)的变化。方法　对 30例先心病儿童术前EEG、BAEP的变化和 2 0例接受不停跳体外循环心内直视手术患儿手术前后EEG、BAEP的动态变化进行对比观察 ,并设 30名健康儿童为对照。结果　 ( 1)术前 :①EEG :发绀组 (CCHD)异常率为 80 % ( 8/ 10 ) ,非发绀组 (NCCHD)异常率为 30 % ( 6 / 2 0 ) ,有显著性差异(P <0 .0 5 )。②BAEP :CCHD组异常率为 10 0 % ( 10 / 10 ) ,NCCHD异常率为 6 5 % ( 13/ 2 0 ) ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Ⅴ波潜伏期 (PL)、Ⅲ～Ⅴ、Ⅰ～Ⅴ波峰间潜伏期 (IPL)先心病患儿与对照组比较 ,CCHD组显著延长 (P <0 .0 5 )。③EEG与BAEP :EEG异常者BAEP均异常 ( 10 0 % ) ,EEG正常者BAEP有 5 6 .3 %异常。 ( 2 )手术前后比较 ,EEG和BAEP异常率有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　①先心病患儿伴有脑功能异常 ,CCHD较NCCHD为重。②EEG与BAEP均可反映脑功能异常改变但非同步。③术后短期内EEG、BAEP无好转 ,提示脑功能恢复可能需要较长时间。     

Primary liver tumors in China

Until now, no large series studies on the clinicopathological features of primary liver tumors (PLTs) in mainland China have been reported. The authors retrospectively investigated 3,160 cases of PLTs surgically resected at Shanghai Oriental Hospital of Hepatobiliary Surgery between January 1982 and January 1996. Most of them are true neoplasms, others are tumor-like lesions. The 3,160 cases of PLTs could be divided into 3 groups of 25 types arising from three germinal layers, of which tumor-like lesions (Group 1) were of 4 types involving 112 cases (3.5%), benign PLTs (Group 2) were of 10 types involving 499 cases (15.8%) and malignant PLTs (Group 3) were of 11 types involving 2,549 cases (80.7%). The most common type of lesion in each group was solitary necrotic nodule, cavernous hemangioma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting for 73.2%, 74.3% and 96.6% of their respective groups. The patients ranged in age from 5 months to 79 years (mean, 45.7 years), but the age distribution and sex ratio varied reciprocally from group to group and from lesion to lesion. For example, the mean age of the patients in Group 1 was 39.1 years of age, whereas in Group 2 and Group 3, it was 45.9 years and 49.6 years, respectively. The sex ratio of men to women was 2.6:1 in Group 1, 1:1.1 in Group 2 and 7.7:1 in Group 3. The rates of serum HBsAg positivity and concomitant liver cirrhosis in the patients with HCC were 74.4% and 72%, respectively, and the concomitant rate of cirrhosis in small HCC (<3 cm in diameter) was as high as 83.3% (P<0.05), demonstrating a close relationship of HCC with HBV infection and liver cirrhosis. HCC amounts to 78.4% of the total 3,160 PLTs in this series, indicating that HCC is the most common malignant tumor of the liver in China.     

愈溃膏治疗臁疮的临床评价

目的探讨治疗臁疮的有效方药;方法应用白行研制的愈溃膏,采用外敷的方法,治疗臁疮80例,同期常规治疗45例作为对照;结果应用愈溃膏治疗80例患均取得较好效果,明显优于对照组;结论愈溃膏对于臁疮有较好疗效。     

小儿缩窄性心包炎的临床和病理观察

对３０例小儿缩窄性心包炎进行了临床和病量分析。结果显示：临床症状及体征无显性差异。由金典色葡萄球菌引起的急性心包炎中在较短时间内形成缩窄。病理改变既有炎症反应,肉芽组织增生,又有纤维组织增生。     

电温针配合中药治疗膝骨关节炎临床观察

目的　观察针药结合治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法　将 13 8例患者随机分为治疗组 85例 ,运用电温针配合中药治疗 ;对照组 5 3例 ,以西药内服治疗。经治疗 1个月后停 1个月再行观察作疗效对照。结果　治疗组总有效率 89.4% ,对照组5 6.6% ,两组疗效差别有非常显著性意义 ( P<0 .0 1)。结论　电温针配合中药治疗膝骨关节炎效果明显、确切     

颈总动脉切除术10例回顾性分析

目的 探讨颈总动脉切除术的适应症和术前准备的一般规律。方法 对我院自1986年～2003年17年问的10例颈总动脉切除术病例进行回顾性分析。其中年龄22～59岁，急诊手术4例，选择性颈动脉切除6例。结果 急诊手术中2例出现中枢神经系统并发症，选择性手术组中1例出现中枢神经系统并发症。除1例因脑转移癌死亡外，随访均健在。结论 行不重建血管的颈总动脉及分歧部切除术，高龄患者须严格掌握适应症，须无脑血管疾病史，术前须进行Matas试验，要有侧支循环建立的客观依据；对年轻患者(30岁以下)可适当放宽手术指征。     

134例头颈部肿瘤手术后缺损修复

目的：分析4种皮瓣修复头颈部缺损的效果、功能、并发症和供区创伤的大小，以为不同的缺损选择不同的皮瓣。方法：134例头颈部肿瘤患者，均行联合根治术加胸大肌肌皮瓣、颈阔肌肌皮瓣、额瓣、前臂皮瓣修复。结果：胸大肌皮瓣全部存活96例，部分坏死21例，坏死≥1／25例，全部坏死2例，颈阔肌皮瓣全部存活2例，部分坏死1例，全部坏死1例，4例额瓣和2例前臂皮瓣全部存活。结论：口腔及颈部大面积缺损需要胸大肌肌皮瓣修复，对需要洞穿修复的，尤其是女性，应尽量避免用胸大肌折叠瓣，可用复合瓣。对一般的口腔缺损用前臂皮瓣修复最为合适。     

3-苯基乳酸的研究进展

介绍了3-苯基乳酸的结构、制备、手性拆分等的研究现状，并阐述了其抑菌、药理作用及在医药、化工等领域的应用。