Macular disease and optical coherence tomography

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new diagnostic tool for high-resolution cross-sectional imaging of the retina. By measuring the "echo" delay time of light as it reflects from tissue at different ranges and by performing multiple axial scans in the transverse direction, OCT generates two-dimensional images detailing retinal architecture. OCT is a powerful new modality because it has a longitudinal resolution of 10 microns in the retina, which is superior to other currently available imaging techniques. Examinations are exceptionally tolerable for patients because OCT is noninvasive, the probe beam is near-infrared and thus not very bright, and scan acquisition time is only 2.5 seconds. OCT appears to be a useful device for evaluating a variety of retinal diseases, including macular holes, macular edema, and central serous chorioretinopathy.     

散发内淋巴囊瘤VHL基因位点微卫星标志杂合性丢失的研究

目的 探讨散发内淋巴囊瘤发病与VHL基因异常之间的关系。方法 采用组织微切割技术和多聚酶链式反应等方法对3例散发内淋巴囊瘤肿瘤细胞VHL基因位点染色体微卫星标志的杂合性丢失进行分析。结果 3例散发内淋巴囊瘤中有2例发生VHL基因位点微卫星标志的杂合性丢失,进一步的研究证实,该两例肿瘤细胞中分别存在着VHL基因第二外显子的异常。结论 VHL基因的异常导致其功能改变不但是VHL的致病原因,而且是散发性内淋巴囊瘤发病的重要的基因遗传学基础。     

对甲磺酰基苯乙烯环酮类衍生物的合成及抗炎活性

目的寻找新型高效低毒的非甾体抗炎药。方法合成对甲磺酰基苯乙烯环酮类衍生物，用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型和角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖肿胀模型评价其抗炎活性，并考察连续经口给药对大鼠胃肠道（GI）的影响。结果合成了9个新化合物（ZA_1-9），结构经IR，¹HNMR，MS和元素分析确证。小鼠试验表明ZA_3,5-9的抗炎活性与双氯芬酸钠(DC)和罗非昔布(RC)相当(P>0.05)，大鼠试验显示ZA_3,7,8的抗炎活性与DC和RC相当(P>0.05)， ZA₆的抗炎作用显著强于DC和RC(P<0.05)，ZA_3,5-9对GI损伤显著小于DC (P<0.05，P<0.01)，与RC相当(P>0.05)。结论对甲磺酰基苯乙烯环酮类衍生物的抗炎作用较强，GI不良反应小，值得进一步研究。     

自发性高血压大鼠血、尿III型前胶原水平变化及氯沙坦的干预作用

目的　探讨自发性高血压大鼠 (spontaneouslyhypertensiverat ,SHR)血、尿Ⅲ型前胶原 (ProcollagenⅢ ,PCⅢ )与早期肾脏损害的关系。方法　检测SHR及氯沙坦干预后血、尿PCⅢ水平。 14周龄雄性SHR16只随机分为高血压组和氯沙坦治疗组 (氯沙坦灌胃 3 0mg·kg-1·d-1)各 8只 ,14周龄雄性Wistar -kyoto大鼠 (WKY) 8只为正常对照组 ,16周后 ,放免法检测血、尿PCⅢ、尿微量白蛋白 (microalbumin ,ALB)及血、尿 β2 -微球蛋白 ( β2 -microglobin ,β2 -MG)。结果　SHR组尿PCⅢ、尿ALB及血、尿 β2 -MG水平明显高于WKY组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,三组血PCⅢ水平无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 )。氯沙坦可显著降低SHR组尿PCⅢ、尿 β2 -MG及尿ALB水平 ( P<0 0 5 )。血、尿PCⅢ无相关性 (r =0 2 2 6,P <0 0 5 )。尿PCⅢ与尿 β2 -MG(r =0 813 ,P <0 0 1)、尿ALB(r =0 5 60 ,P <0 0 1)、收缩压 (r =0 694,P <0 0 1)呈正相关。结论　SHR组尿PCⅢ、尿 β2 -MG、尿ALB水平升高 ,可一定程度反映高血压早期肾脏损害。氯沙坦可降低SHR血压、尿PCⅢ、尿 β2 -MG、尿ALB水平 ,对高血压肾脏有保护作用     

Laparoscopic and ultrasound-guided transcervical evacuation of cornual ectopic pregnancy: an alternative approach.

Conventional treatment of cornual ectopic pregnancy carries significant morbidity and may compromise future fertility. We present a minimal access technique for the treatment of cornual ectopic pregnancies which we believe carries a reduced morbidity and may be less likely to compromise future reproductive function.     

浅谈基层数字化医院的建设

该文综述了数字医院的发展现状和前景.对数字化医院的内涵,基层医院建设数字医院过程中涉及的医院信息资源的类型、制作、储存、检索、计算机远程会诊以及对工作人员知识结构的要求等方面进行了探讨,它适合建设有基层特点的基层数字化医院.     

What do pediatric primary care providers think are important research questions? A perspective from PROS providers.

OBJECTIVE: To describe what pediatric primary care providers involved in the Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) research network think are important yet inadequately addressed questions in pediatric primary care research. METHODS: A total of 1785 pediatric primary care providers in the PROS network were asked what they thought were important yet inadequately addressed areas of primary care research. We used a single, open-ended question in a mail survey. Written answers to this question were analyzed by qualitative methods to determine the main themes of interest to pediatric primary care providers. RESULTS: Overall survey response rate was 48.7%; the open-ended question yielded 1109 individual answers. Six lines of inquiry were identified as being important to these providers: (1) effective counseling techniques to use in anticipatory guidance; (2) strategies to prevent and treat obesity; (3) the effectiveness of well-child care; (4) ongoing management of patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; (5) the role of the primary care provider in caring for children with mental health needs; and (6) optimal organization of office practices. CONCLUSIONS: The translation of research into practice may be improved by a better understanding of the needs and interests of those who see pediatric patients in the primary care setting.     

新疆博尔塔拉州居民肥胖及其危险因素分析

目的了解新疆博尔塔拉州维吾尔、哈萨克、蒙古、汉等4个民族中30岁以上人群的超重肥胖流行状况及其与心血管危险因素的关系，为肥胖防治提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法，对新疆博尔塔拉州4个民族30岁以上居民共3732人进行流行病学调查。结果居民超重和肥胖率分别为36．02％和27．39％；城市肥胖率高于农村；男、女性超重与肥胖总体上的差异无统计学意义，但超重率男性高于女性，肥胖率则女性高于男性。蒙古族居民超重和肥胖的危险最大，维吾尔族和汉族次之，哈萨克族最小；蒙古族男性和维吾尔族女性的肥胖问题较突出。影响各民族超重和肥胖率的因素主要是性别，民族，年龄，城乡，职业，文化程度，饮酒和肉食等，其中男性超重与肥胖者合并的危险因素多。结论新疆博尔塔拉州人群中超重和肥胖患病率较高，尤其是肥胖，已成为突出的公共卫生问题之一，其中男性肥胖者是心血管病的高危人群。