The Hong Kong Society of Rheumatology consensus recommendations for the management of gout

Clinical Rheumatology - Gout is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases in Hong Kong. Although effective treatment options are readily available, the management of gout in Hong Kong remains...     

克泻灵片中苦参碱类生物碱的HPLC分析

目的:对克泻灵片中主要有效生物碱定性、定量。完善产品的质量控制及评价手段。方法:采用HPLC,紫外测定波长:220nm。结果:片剂中有有效生物碱以苦参碱类生物碱为主,其中苦参碱和槐定碱含量高,分别占总生物碱的14.2％～31.6％和22.6％～62.7％,其次为槐颗碱和槐胺碱,氧化苦参碱的含量很低。结论:建立了HPLC测定克泻灵片中主要生物碱,方法简便快捷,精密度好,回收率高,可用于制剂及原料的质量控制。     

Complementary medicine: use and attitudes among GPs

BACKGROUND: Information about use and attitudes of GPs towards complementary medicine is required in order to inform the debate about its place within mainstream medicine. There is evidence that public use of complementary medicine is particularly high in the South-West of England. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the use of, and attitudes towards, complementary medicine among GPs. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was performed of all primary care physicians working in the health service in Devon and Cornwall. RESULTS: Replies were received from 461 GPs, a response rate of 47%. A total of 314 GPs (68%, range 32-85%) had been involved in complementary medicine in some way during the previous week. One or other form of complementary medicine was practised by 74 of the respondents (16%), the two most common being homoeopathy (5.9%) and acupuncture (4.3%). In addition, 115 of the respondents (25%) had referred at least one patient to a complementary therapist in the previous week, and 253 (55%) had endorsed or recommended treatment with complementary medicine. Chiropractic, acupuncture and osteopathy were rated as the three most effective therapies, and the majority of respondents believed that these three therapies should be funded by the health service. A total of 176 (38%) of respondents reported adverse effects, most commonly after manipulation. CONCLUSION: Over two-thirds of the GPs in Devon and Cornwall who responded to the survey had been involved with complementary medicine in some way during the previous week. This figure is higher than the national average. The majority of respondents believed that acupuncture, chiropractic and osteopathy were effective and should be funded by the NHS.      

Effect of shunt surgery on spleen size, portal pressure and oesophageal varices in patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension

Shunt surgery is considered to be the treatment of choice in patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. There is little data on the effect of side-to-side lieno-renal (SSLR) shunt on oesophageal variceal size, splenic size and splenic pulp pressure (SPP) in patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. We evaluated pre- and postoperatively endoscopic grading of varices, splenic size and SPP for predicting shunt patency in 86 patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension: 56 with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) and 30 with non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF). The EHPVO patients with patent shunts (n= 47) showed significant reduction in SPP (pre-operative 43.56±7.9 vs postoperative 29.96±7.7 cm of saline), splenic size (6.5±2.8 vs 4.00±2.6 cm below costal margin) and varices grades (2.96±0.5 vs 0.92±0.8). Patients with blocked shunt (n= 9) did not show significant reduction in SPP and varices grades. However, there was reduction in spleen size (8.6±3.0 vs 6.3±4.3). In the NCPF group, 28 had patent shunts and showed significant reduction in SPP (46.3±13.5 vs 33.8±7.6 cm of saline), splenic size (9.1±3.3 vs 6.8±4.6 cm below costal margin) and varices grades (2.8±0.7 vs 1.05±0.96). As only two patients with NCPF had blocked shunts, no statistical comparison between patients with patent and patients with blocked shunts could be done. In conclusion, following SSLR, there is a significant reduction in SPP and varices grades in patients with patent shunts. Endoscopic grading of varices can be used to predict shunt patency. However, spleen size is not a good criteria for predicting shunt patency.     

亚太地区炎症性肠病处理共识意见(一)

虽然目前亚太地区尚无炎症性肠病（IBD）的大规模流行病学资料，但一系列研究显示其发病率和患病率呈上升趋势。与西方国家相比仍呈滞后现象。溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的发病率仍较克罗恩病（CD）高。除地域差异外。在一些多民族国家中，IBD尚可见种族差异。亚太地区IBD的遗传背景有异于西方国家。如据报道该地区CD患者未检出NOD2／CARDI5变异。一般而言，该地区IBD患者的临床过程似不如西方国家严重。 亚太地区IBD的诊断存在一些特殊问题。如缺乏IBD诊断金标准。存在多种小肠结肠炎，与IBD临床表现相似，使鉴别诊断特别困难。迄今为止，亚太地区IBD的诊断标准多采用西方国家的诊断标准。诊断必须逐步排除非IBD的小肠结肠炎。确诊应有典型的组织学表现。某些患者需借助随访和诊断性治疗才能确诊。进一步研究IBD发病机制将有助于开发更好的诊断标记物。 亚太地区IBD的治疗亦存在特殊问题。由于诊断困难。IBD患者常未能及时接受适当的药物治疗，但该地区仍广泛采用药物治疗方案。结合西方指南和本地经验可制定类似的处理原则。以利诱导缓解和维持缓解。提倡逐级使用基于病变范围、活动性和严重度的阶梯式治疗方案。对不同病例采用综合性、个体化的方法。随着对IBD发病机制和亚太地区IBD独特性的深入理解。合理、实用的药物治疗指南和应用生物制剂治疗将改善该地区IBD的治疗前景。