亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态性与脑血管疾病的研究

目的　探讨N 亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶 (MTHFR)基因多态性与脑血管疾病的关系。方法　利用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性 (PCR RFLP)方法 ,检测了 72名健康人和 71名脑血管疾病患者MTHFR基因的6 77碱基多态性突变C→T情况 ,并加以对照分析。结果　脑血管疾病患者MTHFR基因突变型V6 77基因的频率 ,与正常健康人对比差异无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　MTHFR基因突变型V6 77基因可能是脑血管疾病的又一个遗传风险因子 ,但本研究结果显示与脑血管疾病的发病无关 ,是否为脑血管病的遗传风险因素有待进一步研究。     

鼻咽癌患者前列环素及血栓素与外周血细胞免疫状况

应用间接免疫荧光法和放射免疫法分别检测了 34例鼻咽癌患者外周血中淋巴细胞的数量和血浆前列环素(PGI2 )及血栓素 (TXA2 )的含量 ,并与正常对照组对比研究。结果显示 :鼻咽癌患者外周血中 CD4细胞减少 (P<0 .0 1) ,而 CD8细胞则明显升高 (P<0 .0 5 )。同时鼻咽癌患者血浆中 PGI2 和 TXA2 的稳定代谢产物 6 - keto- PGF1α及 TXB2分别比对照组升高 ,以 TXB2 升高更明显 (P<0 .0 5 )。提示鼻咽癌患者体内前列腺素类物质 PGI2 和 TXA2 与鼻咽癌患者机体细胞免疫功能有关 ,并对其作为一种可能性抑制因素在鼻咽癌细胞免疫中的作用进行了讨论     

哑铃形椎管肿瘤29例临床分析

回顾性分析我院从 1 990年 3月～ 1 998年 1 1月 2 9例哑铃形椎管肿瘤的诊治。所有病例经CT ,MRI确诊。MRI能提供多时向、多空间图像 ,故可视为诊断哑铃形椎管肿瘤最有价值的方法。除 2例拒绝手术治疗外 ,2 7例采用后正中或后外侧入路作Ⅰ期显微手术切除 ,疗效较满意。本文重点讨论了该肿瘤的临床表现特征 ,CT ,MRI检查和手术治疗的特点     

脑梗死患者急性期血小板膜糖蛋白表达的研究

目的　探讨脑硬死患者急性期血小板膜P -选择素 (CD6 2p)的表达及其与临床神经功能缺损程度的关系。方法　用流式细胞术测定 41例急性期脑梗死患者血小板膜CD6 2 p的表达。 结果　轻、中、重型脑梗死患者CD6 2 p的表达分别为 (1.38± 0 .2 9) %、(3.15± 1.5 8) %、(10 .46± 5 .0 7) % ,与正常对照组 (1.5 6± 0 .17) %比 ,轻型脑梗死患者CD6 2p的表达无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,中、重型脑梗死患者CD6 2 p的表达显著升高 (P <0 .0 5和0 .0 1)。结论　脑梗死患者急性期血小板膜CD6 2 p的表达与临床神经功能缺损程度有关。     

非小细胞肺癌放疗期间外周血细胞数的变化

目的　研究胸部受电离辐射后外周血细胞的变化特点。方法　选取１９９７ ～１９９８ 年非小细胞肺癌患者３０ 例。按１∶２ 配比年龄相似,性别相同的非放疗慢性病患者作为对照组。观察胸部外照射对外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞、血小板数的影响。ＮＳＣＬＣ以医用直线加速器６ ＭＶ－ Ｘ 线,常规分割放射治疗。射野包括肿瘤及其周围１ ～２ｃｍ 正常肺组织,同侧肺门以及纵膈,有时包括锁骨上区ＦＳＺ（Ｆｉｅｌｄｓｑｕａｒｅｚｏｏｍ） ７２ ～２４６ｃｍ２ ,剂量率２Ｇｙ／ｍｉｎ ,ＳＳＤ１００ｃｍ 。采用ＳＷＧＥＡＢＡＣ－ ９２０ 型血液细胞自动分析仪检测外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞、血小板数,并严格质量控制。结果　当吸收剂量１０Ｇｙ／５ｆ／ Ｗ ,ＮＳＣＬＣ外周血细胞数量开始下降;至２０ ～３０Ｇｙ／１０ ～１５ｆ／２ ～３ Ｗ 时,其外周血细胞数量降至低谷。并且上述３ 种细胞数量较之放疗前和对照组具有显著差异（ｔ＞ ２．５８ ,Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。另外,局部照射野＞ １００ｃｍ２ 组外周血白细胞数显著低于照射野为＜ １００ｃｍ２ 组,（ Ｆ＝６ ．４６,Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１）。在缩野和改侧斜野,放疗第四周（Ｄｔ＝ ４０Ｇｙ） 后,局部受损骨髓开始修复,受照区内的毒性产物被迅速稀     

EDTA-NaOH吸收液--分光光度法测定空气中硫化氢的研究

本文对EDTA -NaOH作为硫化氢吸收液进行探讨和研究。试验表明 :当空气中硫化氢含量为国家最高允许液度 0 .6～ 6倍时 ,吸收液采样效率为 98.2～ 10 0 % ,催化剂与显色剂混合使用 ,可降低空白值 ,提高方法灵敏度。本法准确度 ( p)为 93 .0 % ,精密度合并变异系数 (cv)为 3 .93 % ;检出限、测量限分别为 7× 10 -2 μg/5ml和1.7× 10 -1μg/5ml;规定采气量为 0 .5L时 ,则最小检出浓度为 0 .6 8mg/m3。     

益肾活血泄浊汤对大鼠系膜细胞转化生长因子β1表达的影响

探讨益肾活血泄浊汤及脂多糖 (LPS)对大鼠系膜细胞转化生长因子 β(TGF β)mRNA表达的影响。采用体外培养大鼠系膜细胞方法 ,分为益肾活血泄浊汤血清组、LPS病理组及空白组 ,并应用反转录多聚酶链反应技术 (RT PCR) ,观察TGF β1mRNA在各组间的表达情况。结果 :与空白组相比 ,LPS可显著刺激TGF β1的表达 ,而中药血清组较LPS组明显减弱。结论 :益肾活血泄浊汤能够显著降低转化生长因子 β1在系膜细胞中的表达。     

产后出血致DIC 1例抢救成功

0　引言　我院首次收住1例产后出血合并弥漫性血管内凝血(DIC)患者,经抢救,患者脱险.1　病例报告　女,16岁,未婚,妊7mo,于1999-01-30入院,要求终止妊娠.入院后一般检查无异常,妇科查:阴道正常,宫底位于剑下三指,胎心清,规律.实验室检查:Hb115g.L-1,BT1min,CT2min,WBC14.7×109.L-1.入院第4日,放置水囊,32h后,顺娩一婴,会阴度裂伤.阴道壁无撕裂伤,胎盘子面娩出完整,阴道出血30mL,揉按子宫,阴道仍然出血不止,BP9/7kPa,P140/min.发现阴道流出非血凝块,急诊Hb46g.L-1,Pt31×109.L-1,凝血酶元时间22s,纤维蛋白元1～3g.L-1,尿RBC9～12.…     

Demonstration of the existence of nitric oxide-independent as well as nitric oxide-dependent vasodilator mechanisms in the in situ renal circulation in near term pregnant rats

1. We have investigated the role of endogenous nitric oxide on renal vascular reactivity in late pregnancy in in situ blood perfused kidneys of α-chloralose anaesthetized Wistar-Kyoto rats. Nitric oxide synthesis inhibition was achieved by intravenous administration of N^G-nitro-L-arginine or N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester.
2. Intra-arterial mean blood pressure was lower in pregnancy compared with nonpregnant controls. Following nitric oxide synthesis inhibition mean blood pressure increased in both pregnant and nonpregnant groups, but remained lower in pregnant animals.
3. Basal renal perfusion pressure was similar in pregnant and nonpregnant groups. Intravenous administration of N^G-nitro-L-arginine resulted in dose-dependent increases in renal perfusion pressure but responses were substantially depressed in pregnancy.
4. Renal vasoconstrictor responses to regional angiotensin II (AII) were decreased in pregnancy, whereas those to noradrenaline (NA) did not differ from nonpregnant controls. N^G-nitro-L-arginine (5 mg kg⁻¹) potentiated renal responses to regional AII and NA in both groups, but AII responses remained lower in pregnancy. Blunted renal AII responses in pregnancy were still evident following large doses of N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (100 mg kg⁻¹).
5. The results demonstrate that nitric oxide synthesis inhibition increases renal perfusion pressure to a lesser extent in pregnant compared with nonpregnant rats, and that reduced renal pressor responses to AII are still evident in pregnancy after nitric oxide synthesis inhibition.
6. These results suggest that although endogenous nitric oxide synthesis modulates renal vasoconstrictor responses in both pregnant and nonpregnant animals, this mechanism does not fully account for the blunted renal vasoconstrictor responses to regional AII or nitric oxide inhibitors in near term pregnant rats. The nature of this important physiological vasodilator mechanism in pregnancy remains to be elucidated.

     

Unusual case of corticobasal degeneration with tau/Gallyas-positive neuronal and glial tangles

A 74-year-old woman with corticobasal degeneration (CBD) had a 9-year history of progressive loss of strength and rigidity of her right hand and then arm, followed by speech difficulties, dyskinesia, rigidity, spasticity and weakness of the ipsilateral lower limb, ultimately also involving the apposite side. She later developed supranuclear gaze palsy. Her memory remained intact during most of the duration of her disease. Laboratory tests and anti-Parkinsonian medications were not helpful. At autopsy, frontal lobe atrophy, discoloration of putamen (Pt) and pallor of substantia nigra (Sn) were observed. Neuronal loss and gliosis were extensive in motor cortex and milder in frontal cortex, abruptly ending at the central sulcus and junction of cingulate gyrus. Achromatic neurons were present. Neuronal loss and gliosis were seen in Pt and Sn and corticobasal inclusions in Sn. Numerous Gallyas/tau-positive, Bielschowsky/ubiquitin-negative coil, sickle, or coma-shaped tangles and thread-like processes were found in affected cortex, Pt and Sn. Some of the tangles were in neurons, but most occurred in astroglia, and their processes. The presence of Gallyas/tau-positive glia in CBD may have the same diagnostic significance as in progressive supranuclear palsy, analogous to the argyrophilic ubiquinated inclusions in oligodendroglia in multisystem atrophy. We suggest that in CBD: (1) cytoskeletal protein metabolism in neurons and glia can simultaneously be perturbed in certain neurodegenerative diseases, and (2) the astrocytosis in CBD may not be simply a reactive process but an integral part of the disease.