Chalcone hybrids and their antimalarial activity

Malaria, one of the most striking, re-emerging infectious diseases caused by the genus Plasmodium, places a huge burden on global healthcare systems. A major challenge in the control and eradication of malaria is the continuous emergence of increasingly widespread drug-resistant malaria, creating an urgent need to develop novel antimalarial agents. Chalcone derivatives are ubiquitous in nature and have become indispensable units in medicinal chemistry applications due to their diverse biological profiles. Many chalcone derivatives demonstrate potential in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity, so chalcone could be a useful template for the development of novel antimalarial agents. This review covers the recent development of chalcone hybrids as antimalarial agents. The critical aspects of the design and structure–activity relationship of these compounds are also discussed.     

细胞因子白细胞介素-4对认知功能改善的研究进展

白细胞介素4(IL-4)是T辅助2(Th2)介导的免疫反应的基本免疫调节细胞因子,IL-4具有复杂的信号系统和多效的功能,但在脑组织中,诸多研究发现IL-4可在炎症中保护认知功能。该文总结了关于IL-4保护认知功能的证据及机制,以及在阿尔茨海默病、缺血性脑血管病以及手术后认知功能障碍中IL-4保护认知功能的途径及证据。     

尿干化学法和离心沉渣镜检法检测穿刺羊水母体细胞污染的应用

目的　探讨一种快速简便鉴别羊水母血污染的方案。方法　选取30 例2019 年6~10 月羊水穿刺样本, 检测 羊水及母血DNA，将母血DNA 污染量换算对应体积全血量建立羊水母血DNA 污染梯度模型，运用尿干化学法及离 心沉渣镜检法检测母血污染情况。结果　羊水母血DNA 污染率为5%，10%，20% 和30%，尿干化学法检出率分别为 16.67%，60%，100% 和100%；离心沉渣镜检法检出率分别为60%，100%，100% 和100%。结论　尿干化学法及离心 沉渣镜检法联合检测可更简便快捷地进行羊水母血污染鉴定，检出率与母血DNA 污染率呈正比关系。     

Safety and efficacy of different anesthetic regimens for parturients with COVID-19 undergoing Cesarean delivery: a case series of 17 patients

Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie - To assess the management and safety of epidural or general anesthesia for Cesarean delivery in parturients with coronavirus...     

Loss of function,missense, and intronic variants in NOTCH1 confer different risks for left ventricular outflow tract obstructive heart defects in two European cohorts

Loss of function variants in NOTCH1 cause left ventricular outflow tract obstructive defects (LVOTO). However, the risk conferred by rare and noncoding variants in NOTCH1 for LVOTO remains largely uncharacterized. In a cohort of 49 families affected by hypoplastic left heart syndrome, a severe form of LVOTO, we discovered predicted loss of function NOTCH1 variants in 6% of individuals. Rare or low-frequency missense variants were found in 16% of families. To make a quantitative estimate of the genetic risk posed by variants in NOTCH1 for LVOTO, we studied associations of 400 coding and noncoding variants in NOTCH1 in 1,085 cases and 332,788 controls from the UK Biobank. Two rare intronic variants in strong linkage disequilibrium displayed significant association with risk for LVOTO amongst European-ancestry individuals. This result was replicated in an independent analysis of 210 cases and 68,762 controls of non-European and mixed ancestry. In conclusion, carrying rare predicted loss of function variants in NOTCH1 confer significant risk for LVOTO. In addition, the two intronic variants seem to be associated with an increased risk for these defects. Our approach demonstrates the utility of population-based data sets in quantifying the specific risk of individual variants for disease-related phenotypes.     

我院药物代谢酶和药物作用靶点基因检测与精准药学服务实践与总结

目的回顾我院药物代谢酶和药物作用靶点相关基因检测与精准药学服务实践过程,总结经验,与同行分享。方法从准备工作、相关检测项目的确定,学术推广、项目优化和开展情况等方面详细阐述我院基因检测开展过程与精准药学服务情况。结果根据临床需求,我院已开展了以心脑血管药和抗精神病药为主的27种药物,26项检测,2018年全年位1587名患者提供个体化用药建议,受到临床医生和患者欢迎。结论基于代谢酶和药物作用靶点相关基因检测的个体化用药建议是临床药师参与精准治疗的重要途径,有助于医生和药师之间的沟通,有利于提高药学服务水平。     

Additional bedtime H2‐receptor antagonist for the control of nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough: A Cochrane systematic review

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of additional bedtime H₂‐receptor antagonists (H₂RAs) in suppressing nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough (NAB) via a systematic review. METHODS: Eligible trials were identified by searching the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2004), MEDLINE (January 1966–June 2004), EMBASE (January 1980–June 2004) and CINAHL (January 1982–June 2004). Additional hand‐searching was conducted on the proceedings of correlated conferences, eight important Chinese journals and references of all included trials. All randomized controlled trials evaluating H₂RAs for the control of NAB were eligible for inclusion. The systematic review was conducted using methods recommended by The Cochrane Collaboration. RESULTS: Only two randomized crossover studies, comprising 32 participants, met the inclusion criteria. Because the design, dosage and duration of the treatments were different between the studies, it was not possible to conduct meta‐analysis. There were no consistent conclusions found between the two included studies in evaluating H₂RAs for the control of NAB. CONCLUSIONS: No implications for practice at this stage can be concluded. Appropriately designed large‐scale randomized controlled trials with long‐term follow up are needed to determine the effects of additional bedtime H₂RAs in suppressing NAB.