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31.
Antioxidant enzymes are involved in important processes of cell detoxification during oxidative stress and have, therefore,
been used as biomarkers in algae. Nevertheless, their limited use in fluvial biofilms may be due to the complexity of such
communities. Here, a comparison between different extraction methods was performed to obtain a reliable method for catalase
extraction from fluvial biofilms. Homogenization followed by glass bead disruption appeared to be the best compromise for
catalase extraction. This method was then applied to a field study in a metal-polluted stream (Riou Mort, France). The most
polluted sites were characterized by a catalase activity 4–6 times lower than in the low-polluted site. Results of the comparison
process and its application are promising for the use of catalase activity as an early warning biomarker of toxicity using
biofilms in the laboratory and in the field. 相似文献
32.
Rancoule C Pradère JP Gonzalez J Klein J Valet P Bascands JL Schanstra JP Saulnier-Blache JS 《Expert opinion on investigational drugs》2011,20(5):657-667
INTRODUCTION: The presence of fibrosis is associated with alterations in organ architecture and is responsible for the morbidity of diseases including pneumopathies, systemic sclerosis, liver cirrhosis, chronic cardiovascular diseases, progressive kidney diseases and diabetes. Although a growing number of pro-fibrotic molecules, mediators and other pathways have been reported, there are currently very few antifibrotic molecules being evaluated in clinical trials. AREAS COVERED: Current knowledge about the contribution of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive mediator acting via specific G-protein coupled receptors (LPAR), in the etiology of fibrosis. In a number of organs, fibrosis is associated with increased LPA production as well as with increased expression of some LPAR subtypes (mainly LPA1R). LPAR(-/-) knockout mice and treatment of animal models with specific antagonists clearly demonstrate the contribution of LPA1R subtype to the development of kidney, lung, vascular and dermal fibrosis. The involvement of LPA in liver fibrosis is also strongly suspected but still unproven. EXPERT OPINION: Experiments in animal models clearly demonstrate that LPA1R antagonists have interesting anti-fibrotic potencies. This reveals promising perspectives for the design of new therapeutic approaches to prevent fibrosis-associated diseases. Nevertheless, the number of efficient LPA1R antagonists currently available is still low, and none of them has been used in clinical trials so far. 相似文献
33.
Testing to sustain hepatitis C elimination targets in people who inject drugs: A network-based model
Chloë Siegele-Brown Martin Siegele-Brown Charlotte Cook Salim I. Khakoo Julie Parkes Mark Wright Ryan M. Buchanan 《Journal of viral hepatitis》2023,30(3):242-249
Little is known about the level of testing required to sustain elimination of hepatitis C (HCV), once achieved. In this study, we model the testing coverage required to maintain HCV elimination in an injecting network of people who inject drugs (PWID). We test the hypothesis that network-based strategies are a superior approach to deliver testing. We created a dynamic injecting network structure connecting 689 PWID based on empirical data. The primary outcome was the testing coverage required per month to maintain prevalence at the elimination threshold over 5 years. We compared four testing strategies. Without any testing or treatment provision, the prevalence of HCV increased from the elimination threshold (11.68%) to a mean of 25.4% (SD 2.96%) over the 5-year period. To maintain elimination with random testing, on average, 4.96% (SD 0.83%) of the injecting network needs to be tested per month. However, with a ‘bring your friends’ strategy, this was reduced to 3.79% (SD 0.64%) of the network (p < .001). The addition of contact tracing improved the efficiency of both strategies. In conclusion, we report that network-based approaches to testing such as ‘bring a friend’ initiatives and contact tracing lower the level of testing coverage required to maintain elimination. 相似文献
34.
Chine Loreau Marco Caruselli César Roncin Nadège Salvi Alexandre Lenoire Chloé Allary Mathilde De Queiroz Myriem Belghiti-Alaoui Fabrice Michel Association des Anesthésistes Réanimateurs Pédiatriques d'Expression Française 《Paediatric anaesthesia》2023,33(9):736-745
Background
Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is a classic pediatric emergency, and its associated morbidity particularly depends on the anesthetic management, which differs according to the center and the practitioner.Aims
The aim of this study was to evaluate the different anesthetic practices for tracheobronchial foreign body extraction.Methods
A survey was sent via email to the member physicians of the Association des Anesthésistes Réanimateurs Pédiatriques d'Expression Française (ADARPEF). The survey included 28 questions about the organizational and anesthetic management of an evolving clinical case.Results
A total of 151 physicians responded to the survey. Only 13.2% of the respondents reported that their institution had a management protocol, and 21.7% required a computerized tomography scan before the procedure was performed for children who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic during the night. There were 56.3% of the respondents who reported that extraction with a rigid bronchoscope is the only procedure usually performed in their institution. Regarding rigid bronchoscopy, 47.0% used combined intravenous-inhalation anesthesia. The objective was to maintain the child on spontaneous ventilation for 63.6% of the respondents, but anesthesia management differed according to the physician's experience.Conclusions
Our study confirms the diversity of practices concerning anesthetic for tracheobronchial foreign body extraction and found reveal differences in practice according to physician experience. 相似文献35.
Jérémy Lecot Morgane Cellier Arnaud Courtois Dominique Vodovar Gaël Le Roux Anne Landreau Magali Labadie Chloé Bruneau Alexis Descatha 《Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology》2023,132(6):528-537
Cyclopeptide mushroom poisoning is responsible for 90%–95% of deaths from macrofungi ingestion. The main objectives of this study are to describe cases of cyclopeptide mushroom poisoning and to determine risk factors that may influence the severity/mortality of poisoned patients. We included all cases of amatoxin toxicity reported to two French Poison Centers from 2013 through 2019. We compared the severity with the Poison Severity Score (PSS) and the outcomes of patients using simple logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression. We included 204 cases of amatoxin toxicity. More than three-quarters developed an increase in AST and/or ALT (78.1%), and over half developed a decrease in prothrombin ratio (<70%: 53%) and/or Factor V (<70%: 54%). One-third developed an acute renal injury (AKI). Twelve patients (5.9%) developed post-poisoning sequelae (persistent kidney injury more than 1 month after ingestion and liver transplant). Five patients (2.5%) received a liver transplant, and nine died (4.4%). The mean time to onset of digestive disorders was shorter in PSS2 and PSS3–4 patients (10.9 ± 3.9/11.3 ± 6.3 h) than in PSS1 patients (14 ± 6.5 h; p < 0.05). Patients who died or developed post-poisoning sequelae had more frequent cardiovascular comorbidities compared with recovered patients (60.0% versus 29.5%; p < 0.01). 相似文献
36.
37.
Chloé Cloteau Gaud Dervilly Zied Kaabia Florian Bagilet Vivian Delcourt Benoit Loup Yann Guitton Anne-Lise Royer Fabrice Monteau Patrice Garcia Marie-Agnès Popot Bruno Le Bizec Ludovic Bailly-Chouriberry 《Drug testing and analysis》2022,14(5):864-878
In order to overcome the challenge associated with the screening of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids abuses in animal competitions, a non-targeted liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry based metabolomics approach was implemented on equine urine samples to highlight potential biomarkers associated with the administration of such compounds, using testosterone esters as model steroids. A statistical model relying on four potential biomarkers intensity could be defined to predict the status of the samples. With a routine application perspective, the monitoring of the highlighted potential biomarkers was first transferred into high-throughput liquid chromatography-selected reaction monitoring (LC-SRM). The model's performances and robustness of the approach were preserved and providing a first demonstration of metabolomics-based biomarkers integration within a targeted workflow using common benchtop MS instrumentation. In addition, with a view to the widespread implementation of such biomarker-based tools, we have transferred the method to a second laboratory with similar instrumentation. This proof of concept allows the development and application of biomarker-based strategies to meet current doping control needs. 相似文献
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40.
Chloé Ayroulet Céline Roussin Christophe Vanhecke 《Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme》2021,35(2):152-155
We report the clinical observation of a 46 years old woman developing Wernicke encephalopathy with an atypical presentation, which is complicated by severe dysautonomic syndrome with paralytic ileus, a rarely described complication. Moreover, the patient's Coca-Cola® addictive behaviour highlights the importance of considering the multifactorial origin of thiamine deficiency. Identifying the risk population and recognizing the symptoms in time is essential to avoid a diagnostic delay, potentially fatal, and can lead to a more efficient care management. 相似文献