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991.
不同方法治疗胫骨干骨折疗效分析   总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13  
目的 探讨适合胫骨干骨折的手术治疗方法及并发症的预防措施。方法 回顾性分析手术治疗胫骨干骨折患者67例,根据选择手术方式不同,将患者分为交锁髓内钉、加压钢板组和外固定支架3组,临床观察结合x线片评价骨折愈合、延迟愈合、不愈合作为判断临床疗效标准。结果 髓内钉组的骨折愈合率明显高于加压钢板组和外固定支架组,外固定组的骨折延迟愈合率高于其他两组;并发症包括骨不连、关节僵硬及畸形愈合,发生率为22.4%,其中骨不连发生率为13.4%。结论 髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨干骨折的临床疗效优于加压钢板和外固定支架;骨不连为胫骨骨折常见并发症,应严格掌握手术适应证、规范手术操作。  相似文献   
992.
目的 寻找一种有利于粉碎性髌骨骨折术中复位、固定和术后恢复的手术入路。方法 采用膝内侧改良切口结合NT-聚髌器(NT-pc)治疗粉碎性髌骨骨折38例,其中碎骨块呈3块者18例、4块者13例、5块者5例、6块者2例。结果 38例随访时间3个月—2年6个月,除1例因二次手术病程较长、1例术后缺乏锻炼致膝关节功能稍受影响外,其他患者膝关节活动均恢复正常,切口愈合好,按李纯志等疗效评定标准,优良率94.7%。结论 膝内侧改良切口具有充分显露髌骨、切口短、组织损伤小,有利于术中手指对骨块抚平复位和对关节面复位质量的检查及术后功能恢复;NT-pc符合张力带原理,对严重粉碎性髌骨骨折的骨折面具有持续的纵向及横向的应力作用,有复位及固定的双重作用。对于严重粉碎性髌骨骨折,采用内侧改良切口及NT-pc固定不失为一种较理想的方法。  相似文献   
993.
目的:观察遗传性骨软骨瘤软骨细胞的生物学特性。方法:采用透射电镜、细胞培养等方法观察肿瘤软骨细胞形态特征;同时观察肿瘤软骨细胞的增殖、贴附能力,与正常人关节软骨细胞做对照。结果:透射电镜(TEM)发现肿瘤软骨细胞膜附近含有大量的微丝结构,集结成束,与细胞突起有关;体外单层培养发现肿瘤软骨细胞突起增多,细胞呈现星形;骨软骨瘤软骨细胞的增殖与贴附能力随着传代的增加减慢和减低,传4代细胞增殖能力和贴附能力均与肿瘤原代细胞及正常关节软骨细胞具有明显差别(P<0.1)。结论:骨软骨瘤软骨细胞虽然与正常软骨细胞大体相似,但生物学特性存在明显区别:细胞形态改变,微丝增加,细胞增殖与贴附能力等均不同于正常软骨细胞。  相似文献   
994.
经皮穿刺氩氦刀冷冻治疗肝癌56例临床分析   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
目的 探讨氩氦刀冷冻治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤的临床意义。方法  2 0 0 1年 7月~ 2 0 0 2年6月 5 6例肝脏恶性肿瘤在B型超声引导下行经皮穿刺氩氦刀冷冻治疗。术后患者定期复查血清肿瘤标记物、B型超声检查及CT或MRI。结果 患者肝功能ChildA级 5 0例 ,ChildB级 5例 ,ChildC级 1例。原发性肝癌 4 6例 ,转移性肝癌 10例。小肝癌 (直径≤ 5cm)甲胎蛋白阳性者治疗后转阴占80 % ,甲胎蛋白阴性者治疗后CT或MRI复查病灶完全坏死达 6 1.5 %。转移性肝癌治疗后瘤标降至正常或CT、MRI提示病灶完全坏死者占 6 0 %。结论 氩氦刀冷冻治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤是一种微创、安全、疗效可靠的新方法。对于不适宜行手术治疗的肝脏恶性肿瘤患者是一种有效的微创外科治疗方法。  相似文献   
995.
Multidrug-resistant Salmonella is a well-recognised problem worldwide, especially in developing countries such as India, where non-typhoidal Salmonella infections and enteric fever are endemic. Antimicrobial resistance, particularly to fluoroquinolones, is common and leads to the frequent use of alternative agents, such as azithromycin. We herein describe the first reported case of azithromycin-resistant Salmonella gastroenteritis in a Singaporean patient.  相似文献   
996.

INTRODUCTION

There is a paucity of local data on the prevalence of blood transmitted infections (BTIs), such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, among illicit drug users. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of BTIs among substance-dependent inpatients and identify the factors associated with BTIs.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective case note analysis of 170 inpatients who had a history of substance dependence and were seen at the National Addictions Management Service, Singapore, between 1 June 2009 and 31 May 2010.

RESULTS

The majority of the 170 inpatients were male (88.2%) and Chinese (58.2%). The mean age of the patients was 43.1 years, and the main drug of abuse was opioids (86.5%). BTIs were found in 70 (41.2%) inpatients; the prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV infections was 3.7%, 39.6% and 0%, respectively. Lifetime intravenous drug use, but not needle-sharing, was more common among inpatients who were positive for BTIs (p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that lifetime intravenous drug use (OR 4.3, 95% CI 1.7–10.8, p < 0.01) was the only significant predictor of BTI.

CONCLUSION

41.2% of the substance users seeking help were positive for at least one BTI. Lifetime intravenous drug users were found to be more than four times more likely to have a BTI. Early detection and prevention is essential to improve prognosis.  相似文献   
997.
目的 评估Microsim 医学模拟培训系统在实习学员临床思维培训中的价值及可行性。方法 以2009级、2010级临床医学五年制96名学员为研究对象,随机分组为两组,每组48人。A组在呼吸内科临床实习3周后通过Microsim医学模拟培训系统进行病例学习1周,B组在呼吸内科临床实习4周。观察两组学员实习结束后临床思维考核成绩及教学满意度,数据应用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析,计量资料进行配对t 检验,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果 Microsim医学模拟培训系统评估报告得分[(89.37±7.18) vs. (61.95±15.34)],组间差异有统计学意义。学员临床思维能力考核中得分,分析问题能力[(89.95±4.02) vs. (75.51±6.34)]、处理问题能力[(78.81±8.09) vs. (59.67±9.33)]、处理流程[(86.74±6.59) vs. (70.39±7.05)]和处理效果[(88.61±8.16) vs. (63.54±11.48)]方面,2组间差异有统计学意义。但沟通交流得分[(82.47±5.23) vs. (84.09±3.72)],组间无统计学差异。89.6%(43人)的学员认为Microsim医学模拟培训系统能明显提高临床思维能力,但只有58.3%(28人)的学员认为能巩固基本理论知识。结论 Microsim医学模拟培训系统可提高学员临床思维能力及临床综合处置能力,可作为临床实习教学的有效补充。  相似文献   
998.

Objective

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs (TCMHs) as an adjunctive treatment for diabetic foot (DF).

Methods

The sources used were PubMed (1966 to August 2015), the Cochrane Library (1988 to August 2015), the Excerpta Medica Database (1974 to August 2015), Wiley (1807 to August 2015), Ovid (1988 to August 2015), ClinicalTrials.gov (1993 to August 2015), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (1966 to August 2015), China Science and Technology Journal Database (1994 to August 2015), ChiCTR (2007 to August 2015), SinoMed (1978 to August 2015), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1984 to August 2015), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (1998 to August 2015), and the Traditional Chinese Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (TCMLARS) (1984 to August 2015). Studies were identified and selected, and the data were extracted by two independent reviewers. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the quality of studies. Revman 5.2 software was used for data synthesis and analysis.

Results

Sixteen studies were included based on the selection criteria. Of these, seven studies had low bias risk and one had high bias risk. In the overall analysis, TCMHs resulted in a significantly higher total effective rate (OR 5.08; 95% CI 3.50 to 7.36; P < 0.000 01), cure rate (OR 2.12; 95% CI 1.63 to 2.77; P < 0.000 01), and shorter time to ulcer healing (SMD ?0.64; 95% CI ?0.89 to ?0.40; P < 0.000 01) when compared with non-TCMHs treated DF. The analysis also revealed that significantly fewer amputations occurred in TCMHs patients (OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.65; P = 0.0007). Sensitivity analysis indicated that the findings of the Meta-analysis were robust to study quality, and the funnel plot of the Egger test showed no publication bias.

Conclusion

TCMHs intervention appears to be more effective for DF, with a similar safety profile, when compared with non-TCMHs treatments, although this result requires further verification with more well-designed studies.  相似文献   
999.

Objective

To evaluate the effect of the traditional Chinese procedure abdominal Tuina (AT) on chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).

Methods

This randomized, single assessor-blinded clinical trial was carried out from May 2014 to April 2015. Eighty participants in the trial were divided randomly into two groups: experimental group and control. The experimental group (40 cases) was treated by AT and the control group (40 cases) by acupuncture. Each treatment was conducted once a day, 5 d for one course, at an interval of 2 d between each course. The whole treatment course lasted for 4 weeks. To ascertain the effect of AT and acupuncture, Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) scores were used before and after treatment. Patients were followed up for 3 months after treatment.

Results

After treatment for 4 weeks, 77 patients (39 cases in the experimental group and 38 cases in the control group) completed the trial. The FS-14, SAS and HAMD scores decreased (P < 0.05) significantly compared with those before treatment in both groups. The FS-14 and HAMD (P < 0.05) scores in the experimental group were much lower than those in the control group. The difference in SAS scores between the two groups was not significant. In the final follow-up, CFS in two cases in the experimental group and three in the control group recurred, but the difference was not significant. The scores for the FS-14, SAS and HAMD in the experimental group were superior to those of the control group, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). No serious adverse events and few adverse events were observed.

Conclusion

AT elicited a more efficacious effect than acupuncture alone on CFS.  相似文献   
1000.
目的探讨小干扰核糖核酸(siRNA)沉默人软骨糖蛋白39(YKL-40)对支气管哮喘小鼠气道平滑肌增殖及迁移的影响。方法20 只健康雌性BALB/c 小鼠随机分为健康组( n=10)和哮喘组(n =10),采取腹腔注射抗原和雾化吸入卵蛋的方式复制哮喘模型,健康组小鼠处理与哮喘组相同,只是将致敏物换成生理盐水,留取气管和支气管进行细胞培养,两组小鼠气道壁平滑肌细胞根据转染物不同分为siRNA-YKL-40 组、阴性对照组和空白对照组,MTT法检测不同转染组小鼠气道壁平滑肌细胞增殖情况,Transwell 法检测不同转染组 小鼠气道壁平滑肌细胞迁移能力,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)和蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测不同转染组小鼠气道壁平滑肌细胞中YKL-40、白细胞介素4(IL-4)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)基因和蛋白表达。结果哮喘组中siRNA-YKL-40组48~96h时细胞吸光度A值均低于阴性对照组和空白对照组,哮喘组中siRNA-YKL-40 组、阴性对照组和空白对照组48~96 h 时细胞吸光度A 值均高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(p <0.05);哮喘组中siRNA-YKL-40 组迁移细胞数(86.38±8.61)个,低于阴性对照组和空白对照组,哮喘组迁移细胞数均高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);哮喘组和健康组中siRNA-YKL-40 组-40 基因和蛋白相对表达量均低于阴性对照组和空白对照组( p<0.05),哮喘组中siRNA-YKL-40 组-4 基因和蛋白相对表达量均低于阴性对照组和空白对照组,而-γ基因和蛋白相对表达量与IFN-γ/IL-4均高于阴性对照组和空白对照组(p <0.05),与健康组比较,哮喘组中siRNA-YKL-40 组、阴性对照组和空白对照组-4 基因和蛋白相对表达量均升高,而- 基因和蛋白相对表达量和IFN-γ/IL-4均降低,差异有统计学意义(p <0.05)。结论靶向-40 基因沉默能抑制气道壁平滑肌细胞增殖及迁移,可能与调节IL-4/IFN-γ失衡状态而减少气道炎症反应有关。  相似文献   
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