全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1346篇 |
免费 | 90篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 28篇 |
妇产科学 | 37篇 |
基础医学 | 178篇 |
口腔科学 | 34篇 |
临床医学 | 113篇 |
内科学 | 413篇 |
皮肤病学 | 90篇 |
神经病学 | 79篇 |
特种医学 | 24篇 |
外科学 | 114篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 57篇 |
眼科学 | 27篇 |
药学 | 106篇 |
中国医学 | 11篇 |
肿瘤学 | 128篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 24篇 |
2021年 | 49篇 |
2020年 | 29篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 42篇 |
2017年 | 36篇 |
2016年 | 35篇 |
2015年 | 39篇 |
2014年 | 53篇 |
2013年 | 60篇 |
2012年 | 78篇 |
2011年 | 92篇 |
2010年 | 52篇 |
2009年 | 33篇 |
2008年 | 70篇 |
2007年 | 75篇 |
2006年 | 57篇 |
2005年 | 77篇 |
2004年 | 75篇 |
2003年 | 54篇 |
2002年 | 60篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 32篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 12篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 6篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
1967年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有1443条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Koichiro Ueki Yukari Hashiba Kohei Marukawa Kan Yoshida Chika Shimizu Kiyomasa Nakagawa Etsuhide Yamamoto 《Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics》2007,104(1):38-43
OBJECTIVE: To compare postoperative maxillary stability following Le Fort I osteotomy for the correction of occlusal cant as compared with conventional Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. STUDY DESIGN: The subjects were 40 Japanese adults with jaw deformities. Of these, 20 underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) to correct asymmetric skeletal morphology and inclined occlusal cant. The other 20 patients underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) to advance the maxilla. Lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms were taken postoperatively and assessed statistically. Thereafter, the 2 groups were followed for time-course changes. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to time-course changes during the immediate postoperative period. CONCLUSION: This suggests that maxillary stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for cant correction does not differ from that after Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. 相似文献
2.
Kenji Shimada Fumi Matsumoto Mari Kawagoe Futoshi Matsui 《International journal of urology》2007,14(5):388-392
OBJECTIVE: It is well described that unilateral pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is a benign condition, because the dilatation resolves spontaneously and the function does not decrease in most of the kidneys. However, there is exceptional PUJO that requires emergent treatment in neonatal periods. The aim of this article is to report the urological emergency and management in neonates with PUJO. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine children (seven boys and two girls) with PUJO who underwent neonatal emergent treatment during the last 13 years were reviewed. Renal function was evaluated according to decay curve of serum creatinine (SCr) levels corresponding to gestational age (GA) at delivery. Physical examination, ultrasonographic monitoring, and chest and abdominal plain radiographs were repeated in each neonate. RESULTS: Eight patients were detected prenatally. In five patients, multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) was demonstrated on the contralateral side. Three patients underwent percutaneous puncture of fetal hydronephrosis. Decrease of amniotic fluid was evident in three fetuses. Indications for emergent treatment included mass effect from hydronephrosis in three patients, renal dysfunction in five, and severe urinary tract infection in one. During neonatal periods, a percutaneous nephrostomy tube was placed in seven, and open nephrostomy in one with anorectal malformation. Repeated punctures of the dilated renal pelvis were done in one patient. Renal function after pyeloplasty was stable in eight patients, while it was moderately decreased in one who was associated with oligohydramnios in utero. CONCLUSION: Indications for emergent treatment in neonates with PUJO included mass effect from giant hydronephrosis, renal dysfunction and severe urinary tract infection. At birth, respiratory and circulatory conditions must first be stabilized. In neonates with hydronephrosis of the solitary kidney or severe bilateral PUJO, serial SCr should be monitored to evaluate renal function. Decrease of amniotic fluid suggested renal functional compromise that would not recover after urological management. 相似文献
3.
Y Matsuki K Suzuki M Hara A Kitani T Hirose M Harigai M Kawakami N Tanaka M Kawagoe H Nakamura 《Ryūmachi》1992,32(2):154-9; discussion 159-62
Arterial thrombosis is one of the major symptoms of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). However, thrombosis in a primary branch of the aorta has rarely been reported in APS. We report here a case of APS complicated by thromboses in both the left subclavian artery and the left external iliac vein. A 32-year-old woman was admitted in May, 1990 complaining of no pulse in the left superficial arteries (e.g., left radial artery) for the past 5 years and acute swelling of the left lower extremity. A left ascending phlebography showed an occlusion of the external iliac vein and arteriography revealed obstruction in the left subclavian artery. Collateral circulations were developed at the site of each thrombus. Clotting and immunological studies revealed a prolonged APTT, a high titer of anticardiolipin antibody and lupus anticoagulant positive. We ruled out various diseases and clinical risk factors predisposing to both arterial and venous thromboses. Accordingly, we concluded that both thromboses were based on APS. Following treatment with anticoagulants, aspirin and corticosteroid, the swelling of her left thigh was diminished and the antibody titer was decreased within 3 months. 相似文献
4.
Chika Anzai Kaoru Kosidawa Rumi Sanpei Masayuki Kouda 《Wound repair and regeneration》2005,13(1):A12-A12
Skin and soft tissue defects are sometimes problematic especially when the defects large, contaminated, irradiated, or poor blood supplied. The human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are proliferated upon basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) stimuli in vitro and in vivo. In this experiment, the skin and soft tissue defects are investigated if the wounds are able to be reepithelialized or accelerated by hMSCs, bFGF and porcine‐derived bilayered skin template.
1.5 × 1.5 cm2 nude rat skin and soft tissue defects including panniculus carnosus are excised and 1 × 106 hMSCs and various doses of bFGF (1–100 μg) applied. Before and after normal reepithelialization, the tissues are tested for protein expressions by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.
The wound sizes are significantly decreased at day 7 with hMSCs with 1, 10, or 100 μg bFGF compared to hMSCs‐alone or medium‐only. All the wounds healed by day 42. 42 Kda and 38 Kda human‐derived pancytokeratin expressions, which do not cross‐react with murine antigens, by Western blotting significantly augmented by 10 μg bFGF compared to hMSCs‐alone. The epidermal immunolocalizations such as integrin α3 and SKALP (Skin‐derived Anti Leukoproteinase) are greatly elevated in time and dose‐dependent manner. Human pan‐cytokeratin expressions are immunoreactive even at day 42.
These data suggest the skin and soft tissue wound healing is accelerated by hMSCs together with bFGF, partly by means of differentiation of hMSCs toward epidermal components. 相似文献
1.5 × 1.5 cm
The wound sizes are significantly decreased at day 7 with hMSCs with 1, 10, or 100 μg bFGF compared to hMSCs‐alone or medium‐only. All the wounds healed by day 42. 42 Kda and 38 Kda human‐derived pancytokeratin expressions, which do not cross‐react with murine antigens, by Western blotting significantly augmented by 10 μg bFGF compared to hMSCs‐alone. The epidermal immunolocalizations such as integrin α3 and SKALP (Skin‐derived Anti Leukoproteinase) are greatly elevated in time and dose‐dependent manner. Human pan‐cytokeratin expressions are immunoreactive even at day 42.
These data suggest the skin and soft tissue wound healing is accelerated by hMSCs together with bFGF, partly by means of differentiation of hMSCs toward epidermal components. 相似文献
5.
S Tagawa T Kitani K Nagai A Kanamaru M Kohsaki T Masaoka H Shibata A Horiuchi K Tsubaki H Kawagoe 《Gan no rinsho》1987,33(1):1-7
Twenty patients with malignant lymphomas and 12 with acute leukemias were treated with intravenous administration of etoposide, 60-100 mg/m2/day for five days, repeated for three to four weeks. Eighteen cases of malignant lymphoma and nine of acute leukemia were evaluable. CR was achieved in three cases (16.7%) and PR in four cases (22.2%) of malignant lymphoma. Although CR was not achieved in any patients with acute leukemia, and PR was in three (33.3%), it was found that etoposide was most effective for the patients with the M4 or M5 subtype in the FAB classification. The most serious adverse effect of the drug was leukopenia in patients with lymphoma. In three patients (30.0%), the leukocyte count was lower than 1,000/mm3. Gastrointestinal complications, such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea occurred in 60.7% of all patients, but were not serious. Alopecia was observed in 73.1%. Intravenous administration of etoposide was apparently effective for the patients with malignant lymphoma of the diffuse mixed type, and this efficacy found in our study was the same as that for oral administration of etoposide reported by us previously. 相似文献
6.
Suzuki Hisamitsu; Ota Kazuo; Ohno Ryuzo; Masaoka Toru; Shibata Hirotoshi; Kimura Ikuro; Amaki Ichita; Miura Yasusada; Uzuka Yoshiro; Kawato Masafumi; Shirakawa Shigeru; Hirota Yutaka; Maekawa Tadashi; lmai Kuniyuki; Takaku Fumimaro; Shimoyama Masanori; Kitahara Takeshi; Oguro Masao; Kozuru Mitsuo; Kawagoe Hiroya; Nakamura Toru; Yamada Kazumasa 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1989,19(4):338-347
Patients with acute (2,569) and chronic (957) leukemia diagnosedat 19 institutes took part in the study on the "MultidisciplinaryTreatment of Leukemia" between 1971 and 1985 and were investigatedretrospectively. By dividing the 15 years into three five-yearperiods, we were able to compare patient ratios in the differentperiods. The proportions of acute to chronic leukemia casesshowed no obvious change; however, the proportions of casesdiagnosed as acute lymphocytic leukemia in acute leukemia showeda significant increase. The main chemotherapeutic drugs usedduring the three time periods were cytarabine or its analogues,the anthracyclines, 6-mercaputopurine and prednisolone, againstacute myelogenous leukemia, and the vinca alkaloids, prednisoloneand the anthracyclines against acute lymphocytic leukemia. Therate of complete remission from acute myelogenous leukemia mademarked progress, from 45.1% during 19711975 to 62.3%during 19811985, but that of acute lymphocytic leukemiashowed no significant progress, being 65% during 19711975and 69.7% during 19811985. The durations of remission,however, and the survival times for patients with acute lymphocyticleukemia, as well as for those with acute myelogenous leukemia,became significantly longer over the three periods. Median survivaltimes from chronic myelocytic leukemia were 3740 mo inall three periods, showing no progress. There was a better prognosisin cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia with, than without,Philadelphia chromosome. Except for a low incidence of chroniclymphocytic leukemia in Japan, adult leukemia patients' characteristicsand prognoses seem to be almost the same in Japan as in theU.S.A. and Europe. 相似文献
7.
Tomimori Y Muto T Fukami H Saito K Horikawa C Tsuruoka N Saito M Sugiura N Yamashiro K Sumida M Kakutani S Fukuda Y 《Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology》2002,82(6):789-794
An epicutaneous application of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) to a mouse ear caused a transient skin swelling, and the repetition of the challenge enlarged the contact dermatitis. The repeated challenge with DNFB also induced eosinophil infiltration on the application site. Administration of a chymase inhibitor significantly inhibited the ear swelling as well as eosinophil accumulation. An intradermal injection of human chymase to the mouse ear also elicited transient skin swelling and eosinophil infiltration, both of which were augmented in proportion to the number of injections. Human serum albumin and heat-inactivated chymase failed to induce such skin reactions, suggesting the participation of proteolytic activity of the enzyme. In addition, chymase stimulated eosinophil migration in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these observations suggest that mast cell chymase may contribute to development of the DNFB-induced dermatitis, probably by promoting eosinophil infiltration. It is therefore possible that chymase plays a role in pathogenesis of chronic dermatitis such as atopic dermatitis. 相似文献
8.
Osamu Kawamura Dian‐Sheng Wang Yi‐Xin Liang Akihiro Hasegawa Chika Saga Angelo Visconti 《Food and Agricultural Immunology》1994,6(4):465-467
A survey of AFM1 residues in 58 commercial milk powder samples was carried out using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on a monoclonal antibody against aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). The samples were collected from the USA (10), China (28), Italy (14), New Zealand (3) and Poland (3). The ELISA was performed without the need for clean‐up procedures. The data revealed that 4 (US), 21 (Chinese) and 1 (Polish) samples were positive for AFM1, with an average of 95.5, 102.8 and 85.0 pg g‐1 of the AFM1respectively. 相似文献
9.
W Hirose M Kawagoe M Hara A Kitani T Hirose K Norioka M Harigai H Nakamura 《Clinical and experimental immunology》1987,70(1):102-109
Since thyroid follicular epithelial cells (thyrocytes) have been shown to express a number of functions similar to monocytes, they were further examined for their potency in secreting thymocyte-stimulating activity (TSA). Although spontaneous production of TSA could not be detected when thyrocytes were cultured in the culture medium, TSA was demonstrated in the culture supernatants after stimulation with the immune adjuvant lentinan. The release of TSA was found in the culture supernatants collected 24 h after stimulation and was maintained for the 4 days of culture. Maximum levels of TSA release were achieved by 2 days. In addition, when culture supernatants of thyrocytes stimulated with lentinan or monocyte-derived interleukin 1 (IL-1) were incubated with a rabbit antibody to human IL-1, a parallel reduction in TSA was observed, suggesting that the active product in the thyrocyte culture supernatant shared a common antigenic site with IL-1. The demonstration of the production of IL-1 like activity by thyrocytes provides additional evidence that these cells, in addition to their functions as endocrine cells, may also participate in the local immune responses under appropriate conditions. 相似文献
10.
Immunopathological activities of extracellular products of Streptococcus mitis, particularly a superantigenic fraction. 下载免费PDF全文
K Matsushita W Fujimaki H Kato T Uchiyama H Igarashi H Ohkuni S Nagaoka M Kawagoe S Kotani H Takada 《Infection and immunity》1995,63(3):785-793
Previously, we prepared extracellular products, fractions F-1 and F-2 of Streptococcus mitis 108, an isolate from the tooth surface of an infant, and showed that F-1 exhibited inflammatory cytokine-inducing activities. In the present study, we present evidence that fraction F-2 induced human T-cell proliferation in the presence of irradiated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and selectively activated T cells bearing V beta 2 and V beta 5.1 in the T-cell receptor. F-1, on the other hand, stimulated human gingival fibroblasts to support the T-cell proliferation in the same way as human gamma interferon or Prevotella intermedia lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Fraction F-1 also primed gingival fibroblasts to support the production of interleukin-2 and gamma interferon by the T cells upon stimulation with F-2. Human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with fraction F-1, like those stimulated by P. intermedia LPS and human gamma interferon, exhibited human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR mRNA expression and cell surface HLA-DR molecules as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An anti-HLA-DR monoclonal antibody inhibited T-cell proliferation in response to F-2, probably through inactivating the accessory function of HLA-DR-bearing fibroblasts. T cells activated with F-2 in the presence of irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells exhibited definite cytotoxic effects against fibroblasts and squamous carcinoma cells originating from human oral tissues. These findings are strongly suggestive of an association of extracellular products of viridans streptococci with pathogenesis of oral mucosal diseases, particularly those disorders in gingiva which are accompanied by heavy infiltration of T cells. 相似文献