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101.
E. Rosser RN DPhil MN RM Dip N Ed Dip RM PFHEA E. Buckner RN PhD CNE AE-C FNAP T. Avedissian RN MSN D.S.K. Cheung BN MSc PhD K. Eviza RN MSN T. B. Hafsteinsdóttir RN PhD M.Y. Hsu RN PhD MSc M. N. Kirshbaum RN BSc MSc PhD GDip Health Ed Dip Onc Dip Counselling Dip CBT FHEA C. Lai RN PhD Y.C. Ng PhD J. Ramsbotham RN PhD MN S. Waweru RN MSN FNP-BC 《International nursing review》2020,67(4):484-494
102.
Devendra Kumar Pandey Tabarak Malik Abhijit Dey Joginder Singh RM Banik 《African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines》2014,11(2):439-446
Background
Gloriosa superba produces an array of alkaloids including colchicine, a compound of interest in the treatment of various diseases. The tuber of Gloriosa superba is a rich source of colchicine which has shown anti-gout, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activity. However, this promising compound remains expensive and Gloriosa superba is such a good source in global scale. Increase in yield of naturally occurring colchicine is an important area of investigation.Materials and Methods
The effects of inoculation by four arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM), fungi, Glomus mossae, Glomus fasciculatum, Gigaspora margarita and Gigaspora gilmorei either alone or supplemented with P-fertilizer, on colchicine concentration in Gloriosa superba were studied. The concentration of colchicine was determined by high-performance thin layer chromatography.Results
The four fungi significantly increased concentration of colchicine in the herb. Although there was significant increase in concentration of colchicine in non-mycorrhizal P-fertilized plants as compared to control, the extent of the increase was less compared to mycorrhizal plants grown with or without P-fertilization. This suggests that the increase in colchicine concentration may not be entirely attributed to enhanced P-nutrition and improved growth. Among the four AM fungi Glomus mossae was found to be best. The total colchicine content of plant (mg / plant) was significantly high in plants inoculated with Glomus mossae and 25 mg kg−1phosphorus fertilizer (348.9 mg /plant) while the control contain least colchicine (177.87 mg / plant).Conclusion
The study suggests a potential role of AM fungi in improving the concentration of colchicine in Gloriosa superba tuber. 相似文献103.
104.
Wenya Linda Bi Lakshmi Nayak David M Meredith Joseph Driver Ziming Du Samantha Hoffman Yvonne Li Eudocia Quant Lee Rameen Beroukhim Mikael Rinne Ricardo McFaline-Figueroa Ugonma Chukwueke Christine McCluskey Sarah Gaffey Andrew D Cherniack Jennifer Stefanik Lisa Doherty Christina Taubert Meghan Cifrino Deborah LaFrankie Thomas Graillon Patrick Y Wen Keith L Ligon Ossama Al-Mefty Raymond Y Huang Alona Muzikansky E Antonio Chiocca Sandro Santagata Ian F Dunn David A Reardon 《Neuro-oncology》2022,24(1):101
BackgroundProgrammed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) contributes to tumor immunosuppression and is upregulated in aggressive meningiomas. We performed a phase II study of nivolumab, a programmed death 1 (PD-1) blocking antibody among patients with grade ≥2 meningioma that recurred after surgery and radiation therapy.MethodsTwenty-five patients received nivolumab (240 mg biweekly) until progression, voluntary withdrawal, unacceptable toxicity, or death. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) and quantification of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were evaluated as potential immunocorrelative biomarkers. Change in neurologic function was prospectively assessed using the Neurologic Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (NANO) scale.ResultsEnrolled patients had multiple recurrences including ≥3 prior surgeries and ≥2 prior courses of radiation in 60% and 72%, respectively. Nivolumab was well tolerated with no unexpected adverse events. Six-month progression-free survival (PFS-6) rate was 42.4% (95% CI: 22.8, 60.7) and the median OS was 30.9 months (95% CI: 17.6, NA). One patient achieved radiographic response (ongoing at 4.5 years). TMB was >10/Mb in 2 of 15 profiled tumors (13.3%). Baseline TIL density was low but increased posttreatment in 3 patients including both patients with elevated TMB. Most patients who achieved PFS-6 maintained neurologic function prior to progression as assessed by NANO.ConclusionNivolumab was well tolerated but failed to improve PFS-6, although a subset of patients appeared to derive benefit. Low levels of TMB and TIL density were typically observed. NANO assessment of neurologic function contributed to outcome assessment. Future studies may consider rationally designed combinatorial regimens. 相似文献
105.
Jyoti Mitra Nanduri R. Prabhakar Jeffrey L. Overholt Neil S. Cherniack 《Brain research bulletin》1987,18(5):681-684
Three glutamic acid analogues, N-methyl-D-aspartic (NMDA), quisqualic (QQ), and kainic (KAI) acids were applied topically to the ventral surface of the medulla (VMS) in paralyzed, vagotomized and carotid sinus denervated cats hyperventilated to apnea. Respiratory and vasomotor effects were assessed by changes in phrenic nerve activity and systemic arterial blood pressure. All three agents to varying degrees raised systemic blood pressure, but only NMDA consistently initiated phrenic nerve activity at pCO2 levels below that observed in control trials. KAI and QQ raised blood pressure even in those animals in which they had little effect on initiating phrenic nerve activity. Furthermore, respiratory responses were obtained from localized areas on VMS, namely the intermedio-caudal zone (I-C areas); whereas blood pressure elevations could be obtained from wider VMS areas including the rostral zone (R areas). In addition, the effects of the three amino acids on blood pressure were quantitatively different with KAI causing much greater increases in blood pressure than QQ or NMDA. The respiratory and vasomotor effects of NMDA and QQ were blocked by the use of 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid and L-glutamic acid diethylester, their respective antagonists. The results suggest that neurons in the VMS which cause respiratory and vasomotor responses are not identical. Cells containing receptors stimulated by NMDA predominantly increase respiration, whereas cells containing receptors excited by KAI are more effective in eliciting vasomotor responses. 相似文献
106.
Marcus Eng Hock Ong MBBS MPH Tom P. Aufderheide MD MS Graham Nichol MD MPH FRCP Bentley J. Bobrow MD Leo Bossaert MD Peter Cameron MBBS MD Judith Finn PhD RN RM ICCert FRCNA Ian Jacobs PhD FRCNA Rudolph W. Koster MD PhD Bryan McNally MD MPH Yih Yng Ng MBBS MPH MBA Sang Do Shin MD MPH PhD George Sopko MD MPH Hideharu Tanaka MD PhD Taku Iwami MD PhD Mark Hauswald MD 《Academic emergency medicine》2013,20(12):1297-1303
At the 2013 Academic Emergency Medicine global health consensus conference, a breakout session to develop a research agenda for resuscitation was held. Two articles are the result of that discussion. This second article addresses data collection, management, and analysis and regionalization of postresuscitation care, resuscitation programs, and research examples around the world and proposes a strategy to strengthen resuscitation research globally. There is a need for reliable global statistics on resuscitation, international standardization of data, and development of an electronic standard for reporting data. Regionalization of postresuscitation care is a priority area for future research. Large resuscitation clinical research networks are feasible and can give valuable data for improvement of service and outcomes. Low‐cost models of population‐based research, and emphasis on interventional and implementation studies that assess the clinical effects of programs and interventions, are needed to determine the most cost‐effective strategies to improve outcomes. The global challenge is how to adapt research findings to a developing world situation to have an effect internationally. 相似文献
107.
For several decades, there has been increasing interest in the possible use of resveratrol as a preventative agent in cardiovascular disease. Resveratrol exerts numerous effects on adipocyte, hepatocyte, and endothelial cell development and function. Many investigations have demonstrated the ability of resveratrol to regulate the adipocyte lifecycle, lipid synthesis, and improve hepatic lipid metabolism. Resveratrol has numerous vascular protective effects on endothelial tissue, including its antiplatelet activity. Resveratrol also reduces intracellular oxidative stress. Animal models of obesity and cardiovascular diseases have yielded important contributions to our understanding of the effects of resveratrol on the vasculature and the risk for pathology. In limited human studies, resveratrol reduces the release of proinflammatory cytokines and improves systemic glucose and insulin regulation and decreases cellular oxidative stress. Therefore, resveratrol has significant potential as both a prophylactic and treatment agent. However additional studies are required to more completely characterize its impacts on human physiology and its benefits in the setting of disease. 相似文献
108.
109.
AG Eller TF Porter P Soisson RM Silver 《BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology》2009,116(5):648-654
Objective To determine which interventions for managing placenta accreta were associated with reduced maternal morbidity.
Design Retrospective cohort study.
Setting Two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Utah.
Population All identified cases of placenta accreta from 1996 to 2008.
Methods Cases of placenta accreta were identified using standard ICD-9 codes for placenta accreta, placenta praevia, and caesarean hysterectomy. Medical records were then abstracted for maternal medical history, hospital course, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Maternal and neonatal complications were compared according to antenatal suspicion of accreta, indications for delivery, preoperative preparation, attempts at placental removal before hysterectomy, and hypogastric artery ligation.
Main outcome measures Early morbidity (prolonged maternal intensive care unit admission, large volume of blood transfusion, coagulopathy, ureteral injury, or early re-operation) and late morbidity (intra-abdominal infection, hospital re-admission, or need for delayed re-operation).
Results Seventy-six cases of placenta accreta were identified. When accreta was suspected, scheduled caesarean hysterectomy without attempting placental removal was associated with a significantly reduced rate of early morbidity compared with cases in which placental removal was attempted (67 versus 36%, P = 0.038). Women with preoperative bilateral ureteric stents had a lower incidence of early morbidity compared with women without stents (18 versus 55%, P = 0.018). Hypogastric artery ligation did not reduce maternal morbidity.
Conclusions Scheduled caesarean hysterectomy with preoperative ureteric stent placement and avoiding attempted placental removal are associated with reduced maternal morbidity in women with suspected placenta accreta. 相似文献
Design Retrospective cohort study.
Setting Two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Utah.
Population All identified cases of placenta accreta from 1996 to 2008.
Methods Cases of placenta accreta were identified using standard ICD-9 codes for placenta accreta, placenta praevia, and caesarean hysterectomy. Medical records were then abstracted for maternal medical history, hospital course, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Maternal and neonatal complications were compared according to antenatal suspicion of accreta, indications for delivery, preoperative preparation, attempts at placental removal before hysterectomy, and hypogastric artery ligation.
Main outcome measures Early morbidity (prolonged maternal intensive care unit admission, large volume of blood transfusion, coagulopathy, ureteral injury, or early re-operation) and late morbidity (intra-abdominal infection, hospital re-admission, or need for delayed re-operation).
Results Seventy-six cases of placenta accreta were identified. When accreta was suspected, scheduled caesarean hysterectomy without attempting placental removal was associated with a significantly reduced rate of early morbidity compared with cases in which placental removal was attempted (67 versus 36%, P = 0.038). Women with preoperative bilateral ureteric stents had a lower incidence of early morbidity compared with women without stents (18 versus 55%, P = 0.018). Hypogastric artery ligation did not reduce maternal morbidity.
Conclusions Scheduled caesarean hysterectomy with preoperative ureteric stent placement and avoiding attempted placental removal are associated with reduced maternal morbidity in women with suspected placenta accreta. 相似文献
110.