Demographic and clinical predictors of depressive symptoms among incarcerated women

Background  

Imprisonment may lead to the development of mental illness, especially depression. This study examines the clinical and sociodemographic profiles of imprisoned women, identifies indicative signs of depression, and relates these indicators to other variables.     

The Introduction of H2-Receptor Antagonists to Scandinavia: Effects of Experts' Opinions

To evaluate the therapeutic potential of the newly developed proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole in patients with reflux oesophagitis, we performed a double-blind randomized clinical trial comparing 20 mg omeprazole and 30 mg lansoprazole, involving 229 patients at 9 Scandinavian hospitals. The treatment period was 4 or 8 weeks, and main efficacy variables were healing of endoscopic changes, relief of reflux symptoms, and occurrence of adverse events. No significant difference in terms of healing was found, either after 4 or after 8 weeks' treatment. Patients receiving lansoprazole experienced a greater improvement in heartburn after 4 weeks (p = 0.03), and there was a similar trend for acid regurgitation. Lansoprazole was found to be an effective and safe alternative to omeprazole in short-term treatment of moderate reflux oesophagitis.     

Injuries of the urogenital system

To analyse the results of treatment of isolated and concomitant urogenital injuries, a retrospective analysis was made of 608 case histories for patients treated in 1986-2000. Of them, 530 patients were males, 78 were females, the age ranged from 16 to 70 years, most of the patients were 20 to 50 (71.2%) years of age. Most frequently the injury was inflicted by beating. Fall from the height, transport accidents ranked second among the causes of injury (17 and 14.3%, respectively). Stab and gunshot injuries occurred in 4.4 and 8% cases, respectively. Ultrasound and x-ray methods were employed for examination. An isolated injury was found in 481 patients, the rest had urogenital injury and skeletal (53%), craniocerebral (25%), abdominal (20%) lesions. 29 patients had a severe concomitant wound: urogenital injury combined with abdominal, skeletal, cranial lesions. Surgery was performed in 267 patients. The rest patients received conservative treatment. Most of the operations were made on the kidney and urinary bladder because of rupture. In some patients these interventions were conducted during laparotomy and were combined with abdominal intervention (44 cases). 25 patients with the compound injury underwent 2-stage operations. 552 patients were cured. 56 (9.2%) lethal outcomes were due to progression of traumatic shock. This low percent of lethality may be explained by an optimal choice of treatment policy in the above patients.     

Lymphotropic immune correction with myelopid in the postoperative period in patients with cancer of the colon and rectum

An analysis of surgical treatment of 142 patients with cancer of the colon and rectum included 32 emergency cases and 110 scheduled operations. Standard surgical methods only were used in 94 patients, the lymphotropic immunocorrection with myelopidum in the postoperative period was made in 48 patients. The use of lymphotropic immunocorrection was shown to considerably improve the immunological parameters and to decrease postoperative lethality.     

Pulmonary hydatid disease mimicking sequestration: Differentiation on magnetic resonance imaging

A case of hydatid disease of the lung proven by thoracotomy and histopathological evaluation is described. It was clinically and radiologically suggestive of a complicated pulmonary sequestration or non-resolving consolidation.     

The problem of posttraumatic fat embolism

The article is devoted to the problem of fat embolism. In 63 patients with combined and isolated traumas the maximum frequency of fat embolism was diagnosed in the investigation of blood serum from the femoral artery. It can be supposed that no isolated injury of the lesser circulation circuit can occur in fat embolism. An investigation of the venous-arterial difference of fat globulemia has shown the main role of the so-called theory of shunting for fat embolism to be doubtful.